지리산국립공원 내 산림관리에 관한 전문가 인식 조사

김동현 ( Dong Hyeon Kim ),김의경 ( Eui Gyeong Kim ),박상병 ( Sang Byeong Park ),이정환 ( Jeong Hwan Lee ) 한국산림과학회 2010 한국산림과학회지 Vol.99 No.4

This study carried out the recognition of appropriate forest managements and directions in Jirisan National Park. For this purpose, we undertook interview survey about the recognition of forest management in Jirisan National Park from ecological and forest research fields` experts. From the statistical analysis results, it was founded that the difference among respondents` types was detected about recognition of forest management in National park. However, all the respondent types recognized that the forest management in National park is essential. So the forest management in national park by forest experts and relevant institutions are revealed needed.

폐결핵 환자 혈청에서 수용성 Interleukin 2 수용체 및 Adenosine Deaminase 활성도에 관한 연구

고정희,박성규,백상현,박찬권,박병수,안진영,최우석,박정규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.1

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) induces T cell proliferation in an autocrine manner and provides a means by which antigen triggered T cells can be clonally expanded in vitro. During the following activation, the activity of IL-2 is mediated by specific high affinity IL-2 binding membrane receptors which are expressed shortly after activation. In this process, a 42 KD-fragment (soluble IL-2R) is continuously cleaved off and circulates as a soluble marker of T lymphocyte activation. Elevated level of soluble IL-2R has been identified in the serum of patients with malignant autoimmune and allergic disorders, systemic parasitic infection, undergoing graft versus host disease, acute or chronic lymphocytic leukemia and HIV-infection. ADA (adenosine deaminase) completes the process of differentiation of T cell and is essential for progression of T cell maturation. Therefore level of ADA is to correlated with magnitude of T cell immune response. The fact that expression of sIL-2R and ADA activity increases in peripheral blood T-lymphocytes of patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis suggests that T cell activation might have a major role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis. In order to evaluate the T cell immune response in pulmonary tuberculosis, we measured the serum concentration of sIL-2R and ADA activity in 17 patients with current pulmonary tuberculosis, 10 chronic inactive pulmonary tuberculosis, 10 as normal controls. (1) Current pulmonary tuberculosis had significantly higher levels of sIL-2R (237.24±95.47)when compared with those of inactive tuberculosis (78.6±11.06). and the control (68.17±15.4) group. (2) ADA activity in current pulmonary tuberculosis was significantly increased (34.41±20.63) when compared with those of inactive tuberculosis (24.7±14.36) and control (17.65± 5.94) group. (3) There was good correlation between sIL-2R concentration and ADA activity in serum in current pulmonary tuberculosis group. (4) sIL-2R concentration and ADA activity was decreased significantly 6 months after anti-tuberculosis drug medication. In conclusion, sIL-2R concentration and ADA activity in serum in current pulmonary tuberculosis group was increased when compared with those of inactive pulmonary tuberculosis and the control group. By the way, T cell mediated immune response was enhanced in current pulmonary tuberculosis, but in inactive chronic pulmonary tuberculosis who had treated by antituberculosis drug medication, the concentration of sIL-2R and ADA activity was nearly normal.

Rifampicin에 의한 것으로 추정되는 위막성 대장염1예

김수현,이은우,정종혁,문승현,김동한,양혁승,오영상,김호동,김도현,박혁,박정환,박경옥,이영직 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.2

Pseudomembranous colitis, caused by altering the normal colonic flora and allowing the multiplication of Clostridium difficile, is an deleterious adverse effect of antibiotics. But it is rarely reported by rifampicin. Rifampicin is one of the first line drug in the treatment of tuberculosis and many patients are exposed to its potential adverse effects. We experienced a patient that had abdominal discomfort and hematochezia due to pseudomembranous colitis after receiving antituberculous medication, and which was probably caused by rifampicin. A 82 years old man was admitted with abdominal discomfort and hematochezia for one week. On the past history he had been diagnosed as endobronchial tuberculosis about 4 months ago. Colonoscopy revealed multiple discrete whitish mucosal lesion on rectosigmoid colon, and histologic findings were consistent with pseudomembranous colitis. The antituberculous agents were discontinued and vancomycin was administered. The patient's symptoms were resolved within several days. There was no recurrence after reinstitution of the antituberculous agents excluding rifampicin. We report here on a case of pseudomembranous colitis probably due to rifampicin.

백서에서 치아이동 후 보정기간 동안 교합이 치주조직섬유의 재형성에 미치는 영향

정권희,박영준,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2003 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.33 No.2

본 연구는 실험적 치아이동 후 보정기간 동안 교합이 치주조직섬유의 물리적 강도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 시행되었다. 체중 200g 내외의 Sprague-Dawley계 백서 수컷에서 상악 양측 제1대구치와 2대구치 사이에 교정용 고무줄을 삽입하여 4일 동안 치아를 이동시킨 다음, 각 실험동물의 하악 좌측 베1, 2, 3대구치를 발치하여 우측은 대합치가 있는 교합측으로, 좌측은 비교합측으로 구분하였다. 상악 제1대구치와 2대구치 사이의 인접면에 유지구를 형성하고 광중합형 레진으로 채워 보정을 시행한 후 시작 0일, 4일, 8일, 12일, 16일 또는 20일 경과한 후 백서를 희생시킨 다음, 만능물성 시험기를 이용하여 상악 제1대구치를 발치할 때 필요한 최대인장강도를 측정 좌우간 비교 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 교합측은 비보정군에서 보정 4일, 8일, 12일, 16일, 20일군으로 갈수록 최대인장강도사 증가하였고, 보정 12일군 이후부터 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 2. 비교합측은 비보정군에서 4일, 8일, 12일, 16일, 20일군으로 갈수록 최대인장강도가 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(p<0.05) 3. 교합측과 비교합측의 최대인장강도를 비교한 결과 보정 8일군까지 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 (p>0.05), 보정 12일군 이후 보정 20일군까지 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과는 실험적 치아이동 후 보정기간 동안 교합이 치주조직 섬유의 재형성에 영향을 미침으로 보정장치의 선택, 기간설정 등 보정계획서 교합에 대한 고려가 필요함을 시사하였다. The purpose of this study was to valuate the effect of occlusion on the mechanical strength of periodontal fibers during retention periods after experimental tooth movement. In the Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 200g or more, the intraoral elastics were inserted into the both right and left interproximal space between upper first and second molars for tooth movement. After 4 days later, the left lower first, second, and third molars were extracted for differentiating the non-occlusal side from the occlusal side in the same mouth. At the same time the elastics were removes and than light cured resin was placed in the space between upper first and second molard following undercut was made for retention bilaterally. From the beginning of retention, 7 rats were sacrificed at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 days respectively. For evaluating of magnitude on the mechanical strength of periodontal tissue, the maximal shear load of the upper first molars were measured bilaterally during extraction using Instron Universal Testing Machine. The results of this study were obtained as follows : 1. In the occlusal side, the maximal shear load was increased from no retention to retention 20 days group as time was going and statistically difference was shown from retention 12 days group (p<0.05). 2. In the non-occlusal side, the maximal shear load was increased slightly from no retention 20 days group as time was going but there was no statistically difference (p>0.05) 3. The result compared with the maximal shear load between occlusal and nonocclusal side showed no statistically difference until retention 8 day group (p>0.05), but showed statistically difference from retention 12 day to 20 day group (p<0.05). These results show that occlusion had an effect on mechanical strength of the periodontal fibers during retention periods after experimental tooth movement; therefore, it is suggested that occlusion should be considered while the retainer types and retention period are planned.

단순반복 작업자의 작업대 및 의자의 형태와 누적외상성질환 증상과의 관계

정현기,노영만,임현우,박정일,정춘화 대한산업의학회 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

목적 : 단순반복작업 생산직 근로자의 누적외상성질환에 대한 사업주의 건강관리규정 준수상태 및 근로자의 자각증상호소와 의자 및 작업대의 형태를 파악하고 크기를 측정하여 이들과 누적외상성질환 자각증상호소와의 관련요인을 알아보고 대책을 제공하고자 한다. 방법 : 서울 및 경기지역 일부 100인 미만 사업장중 전기, 전자부품 제조업체 7개를 선정하여 생산직 근로자 77명을 대상으로 누적외상성질환에 대한 사업주의 건강관리규정 준수상태와 및 근로자의 자각증상호소에 대한 설문조사를 실시하고 의자와 작업대의 크기를 측정하고 증상과의 관련요인을 알아보기 위하여 로지스틱회귀분석을 실시하였다. 결과 : 의자와 작업대가 작업자세에 영향을 준다고 인식하는 작업자는 85.7 %이였으며 단순반복작업 근로자 작업관리지침에 의한 사업주의 근로자에 대한 관심은 매우 낮았다. 누적외상성질환 자각증상 호소율은 63.6 %이였으며 자각증상 부위는 어깨 37.9%, 목 15.2 %, 등 6.1 %, 팔/팔꿈치 4.6 % 순이였다. 입사 후 초기발생시기는 평균 16.5개월이며 자각증상 호소는 작업대 두께, 작업대높이, 작업대 밑무릎공간, 등받이 높이, 좌석면 높이, 좌석면의 앞뒤길이, 좌석면의 좌우길이, 작업대끝에서 어깨까지의 거리에서 유의한 관련이 있었다. 자각증상호소의 관련요인은 등받이 높이, 좌석면의 높이, 좌석면의 앞뒤길이 이였다. 결 론 : 이상의 결과로 보아 정부는 단순반복작업 작업자의 누적외상성질환 예방을 위하여 사업주에 대 한 철저한 교육 및 관리감독을 해야한다. 사업주는 작업대 및 의자를 작업자의 신체치수와 작업내용에 맞게 높이를 조절할 수 있는 제품을 사용하고 작업전, 후에 정기적인 건강체조 및 휴식을 갖도록 하며 근로자에 대한 실질적인 보건교육이 이루어져야 한다. Objectives : The main purpose of this study was to investigate relationship between cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) and the types of workstation and chair in workers with repetitive motion tasks. Methods : The study subjects were 77 repetitive motion tasks workers at small manufacturing industries in Seoul and Gyung-gi district area. A questionnaire was used to obtain about health practice for prevention and prevalence of CTDs by worker. The type of Workstations and chairs in workers were measured and analyzed with prevalence of CTDs by logistic regression. Results : Eighty-six percent of workers recognized that work posture was related to workstation and chair, Most employers and employees didn't follow the work practice guidelines for workers with repetitive motion tasks. The prevalence of CTDs was 64% by questionnaire. The prevalence of pain in shoulder, neck, back, and arm were 38%, 15%, 6%, and 5%, respectively, and the pain started after working an average duration of 16.5 months. The CTDs symptoms were significantly related to thickness of workstation, height of workstation, length of knee depth under workstation, height of back rest, height of seat pan, depth of sitting surface, width of sitting surface, and length from workstation surface edge to shoulder. By multiple regression analysis of each risk factor, prevalence of CTDs was highly correlated with height of back rest, height of seat pan, and depth of sitting surface. Conclusions : This study suggests that workstations should be made adjustable for height and chairs should be equipped with seat pan height control, enough sitting surface for depth and width, back rest height and angle control. The workers should use the right working postures, exorcise for health, occupational health education, and rest breaks and the manager of company should be educated for the preventing of CTDs.

캐러셀 형태를 가진 자재취급시스템의 ACD 모델링

박정현 선문대학교 1998 공과대학논문집 Vol.1 No.1

자동생산시스템의 체계적인 설계 및 효율적인 운명을 위한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 분석은 필수적이다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 분석을 위하여 ACD, event graph, Petri-net, IDEF와 같은 모델링 도구로 작성되는 그래픽 모델인 formal 모델이 필수적으로 요구된다. 일반적으로 FA 엔지니어들에게 ACㅇ?매우 적합한 도구로 인식되고 있지만, 캐러셀 형태를 갖는 자재취급시스템의 표현에서는 많은 어려움이 나타나고 있다. 본 연구에서는 캐러셀 형태 를 갖는 자재취급시스템을 포함하는 자동생산시스템을 ACD 모델링 도구로 표현하기 위하여 캐러셀에 놓인 작업물 정보를 “list 형태의 자료구조”를 이용하여 시스템 상태변화를 표현하는 모델링 방법을 제시하고자 한다. The computer simulation study is essential for the systematic design and efficient operation of the automated manufacturing system. In the simulation study the formal model must be prepared necessarily which is generated by the graphical modeling tool such as ACD, event graph, Petri-net, and IDEF. It is recognized that the ACD is the most suitable tool for FA engineers. But there is a difficult problem in the modeling of the carrousel-type material handling systems. Presented in the paper is a new approach to model the automated manufacturing systems with the carrousel in the form of the list data structure.

NC공작기계에서의 고속가공을 위한 윤곽오차 개선용 CNC 제어방법

박정현,도꾸나카 마사오 선문대학교 2000 공학계열 논총 Vol.3 No.-

In this paper, a CNC control function is proposed to improve the contour-error for high-speed machining in high-speed CNC machine tools. In case of high-speed machining, a large contour-error is generated at the comer and arc area of a part. This path error, which is one of the most significant factors, depends on the acceleration/deceleration delay and the servo control system. We propose a CNC control function that uses an acceleration/deceleration control before interpolation and an automatic feed control at the corner. The developed function is applied at TONGIL TCH-45 horizontal machining center with a SENTROL-M controller. The machining experimental results shows that the proposed control function is very effective in high-speed machining with the machining feedrate 15 m/min.

FMS의 JR-Net 모델링 및 AutoMod 프로그램으로의 변환

박정현 선문대학교 1999 공과대학논문집 Vol.1 No.2

자동생산시스템은 구성요소들간의 관계가 매우 복잡하고 동적인 상태변화를 갖고 있으므로, 설계와 운영 시에 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 분석이 필수적으로 요구된다. 이와 같은 시뮬레이션을 위한 시스템 모델링을 하여야 하지만, FA 엔지니어에게는 쉬운 일이 아니다. 본 논문에서는 자동생산시스템의 구성설비를 해당 심볼로 정의하고, 각 설비간의 관계를 작업물의 흐름과 흐름 제어로 표현하는 JR-Net을 그리고, 이를 기반으로 시뮬레이션 소프트웨어인 AutoMod 프로그램으로의 실험적이고 발견적인 변환방법을 제시한다. Computer simulation study is required essentially because of complex relation and dynamic state changes of the automated manufacturing system. The first step for the simulation study is system modeling, but this activity is not easy to PA engineer. Presented in the paper is an experimental and heuristic method for AutoMod implementation from a JR-Net in which components are represented as the corresponding symbols with 1:1 mapping and their relation are modeled by part flows and control flows.

자기주도학습력향상을 위한 수업모형 연구

현정숙,박영태 동아대학교 교육대학원 1999 동아교육논총 Vol.25 No.-

It is very important for the learners to develop their ability to judge, select subjectively and learn information and knowledge necessary for themselves in the current open society towards learning. In this respect, for the development of this ability, school education must put a stress upon the premises that learners can prepare for the basis of learning for continuing education in the course of life and that they can develop the self-directed learning ability in order to think themselves and to search for a truth. Therefore, this study aims to develop instructional model so that the learners can improve a self-directed learning ability through school education. The questions for research are raised for a successful investigation as follows: First, what characteristics do the constituent factors of children have in their self-directed learning ability? Second, what is the concrete plan for the improvement of constituent factors in their selfdirected learning ability? Third, what is the integrated intructional model for the improvement of self-directed learning ability in children? The conclusions can be obtained in this study as follows: First, it can be proved that children have an ability in all the constituent factors of self-directed learning ability such as openness, self-concept, intrinsic motivation, autonomy, creativity, ability to problem-solving, self-evaluation and so on, but that their ability in specific constituent factors show lower than adults. Second, the individual teaching plans for the improvement of self-directed learning ability can include the establishment of purpose, preparation of conditions for learning, forning human relationship, supporting learning, the organization of learning group, proper homework, learning contract, the chances of the various experience and practice, self-evaluation, the role of teachers and so on. Third, the plans for the improvement of self-directed learning ability through analysis of study and instructional model which the improvement of children’s self-directed learning ability are meaningful learning matters, teacher’s activities, learning context, environment of learners, meaning creation of learners, learning contract. Fourth, the integrated instructional model for the improvement of self-directed learning ability consists of learners’ activities, and teachers’ activities are suggested in order to guide, promote and instruct learners’ activities. This is to put an emphasis upon the mutual cooperation between children and their teachers after due consideration into characteristic of children’s development during instruction. The activities of learners include the choice of subject for learning, meaning creation of learners, the establishment of concreate learning target self-evaluation, evaluation of comrade and self-reinforcement. The activities of teachers include preparation of conditions for learning based upon the various conditions of information, the choice of subject for learning and its suggestion, offering motive for learning creation, controlling members of group, evaluation of performance, and teachers’ reinforcement. Teaching by this integrated instructional model will enable children to develop their own ability of the specific constituent factors wanting, and this will promote elementary school children’s self-directed learning ability.

Cobb syndrome 1례

박정욱,박지현,나정호,김영인,이광수,김범생 대한신경과학회 1996 대한신경과학회지 Vol.14 No.4