Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 by ginsenoside Ro attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in macrophage cells

Sokho Kim,Myung-Hoon Oh,Bum-Seok Kim,Won-Il Kim,Ho-Seong Cho,Byoung-Yong Park,Chul Park,Gee-Wook Shin,Jungkee Kwon 고려인삼학회 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.4

Background: The beneficial effects of ginsenoside species have been well demonstrated in a number of studies. However, the function of ginsenoside Ro (GRo), an oleanane-type saponin, has not been suffi- ciently investigated. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of GRo in vitro using the Raw 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to clarify the possible mechanism of GRo involving heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which itself plays a critical role in self-defense in the presence of inflammatory stress. Methods: Raw 264.7 cells were pretreated with GRo (up to 200mM) for 1 h before treatment with 1 mg/ mL LPS, and both cell viability and inflammatory markers involving HO-1 were evaluated. Results: GRo significantly increased cell viability in a dose dependent manner following treatment with LPS, and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. GRo decreased inflammatory cytokines such as nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 induced by LPS. Moreover, GRo increased the expression of HO-1 in a dose dependent manner. Cotreatment of GRo with tin protoporphyrin IX, a selective inhibitor of HO-1, not only inhibited upregulation of HO-1 induced by GRo, but also reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of GRo in LPS treated Raw 264.7 cells. Conclusion: GRo induces anti-inflammatory effects following treatment with LPS via upregulation of HO-1.

Upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 by ginsenoside Ro attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in macrophage cells

Kim, Sokho,Oh, Myung-Hoon,Kim, Bum-Seok,Kim, Won-Il,Cho, Ho-Seong,Park, Byoung-Yong,Park, Chul,Shin, Gee-Wook,Kwon, Jungkee The Korean Society of Ginseng 2015 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.39 No.4

Background: The beneficial effects of ginsenoside species have been well demonstrated in a number of studies. However, the function of ginsenoside Ro (GRo), an oleanane-type saponin, has not been sufficiently investigated. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of GRo in vitro using the Raw 264.7 mouse macrophage cell line treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to clarify the possible mechanism of GRo involving heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which itself plays a critical role in self-defense in the presence of inflammatory stress. Methods: Raw 264.7 cells were pretreated with GRo (up to $200{\mu}M$) for 1 h before treatment with 1 mg/mL LPS, and both cell viability and inflammatory markers involving HO-1 were evaluated. Results: GRo significantly increased cell viability in a dose dependent manner following treatment with LPS, and decreased levels of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. GRo decreased inflammatory cytokines such as nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 induced by LPS. Moreover, GRo increased the expression of HO-1 in a dose dependent manner. Cotreatment of GRo with tin protoporphyrin IX, a selective inhibitor of HO-1, not only inhibited upregulation of HO-1 induced by GRo, but also reversed the anti-inflammatory effect of GRo in LPS treated Raw 264.7 cells. Conclusion: GRo induces anti-inflammatory effects following treatment with LPS via upregulation of HO-1.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

합성골조 외부접합부의 전단변형에 관한 해석

조순호,선성규 광주대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.16 No.-

전편의 실험연구에 이어, 본 논문은 스프링모델을 사용한 합성접합부의 변형해석 모델을 설명하고 있다. 최근 들어 접합부상세에 따른 콘크리트의 구속특성을 고려한 접근방법이 Wight에 의해 제시되어, 이를 조사하였으며, 또한 실험결과와 비교하여 내진성능을 평가하였다. Wight는 변형예측을 위하여 평면응력에 근거한 간단한 해석을 제시하고 있으나, 본 연구의 접합부와는 상이한 구속 및 기하학적 조건을 포함하고 있으므로 구속계수 k_c값의 수정이 요구되었다. 이렇게 하여 예측된 결과는 실험결과와 어느 정도 일치하였다. Further to the companion paper that treats a experimental research carried out as part of this research, various analytical approaches to model the joint deformation based on a series of springs was also examined. Recently, To consider the enhanced characteristics of confined concrete depending on joint details, the procedure and an empirical constant for the enhanced strength suggested by Wight was adopted. The analytical model presented including the joint deformation can be used for the future overall building analyses. Further, modifications for defining the enhanced properties of confined concrete and inclination angles for struts and uniform, stress fields tests are necessary for present tests in predicting the shear versus shear strain response of a joint panel with the Wight's procedure.

서남해안 지방에서 발생한 Vibrio vulnificus 감염의 임상적 고찰

조남수,김춘호,김성중,김용배,조수형,안태훈 大韓應急醫學會 1999 대한응급의학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Background: V. vulnificus infection in found between May and October when the man who has hepatic disorder or immunity disorder eats raw shellfish and it causes the systemic symptoms such as sudden fever, chilling, shock and stupor and local skin lesions like bleb and necrosis. This disease has 46∼61% of fatality rate in spite of intensive treatment. This study conducts the examination of history, epidemic study, ingesting raw fish and bacteriologic investigation in the patients with similar clinical symptoms to the above and examines the diagnostic dorrelations. Method: It is conducted with 31 cases who admitted at emergency medical center of Chosun University Hospital from May of 1995 to September of 1998 and are suspected to have V.vulnificus infection. It analyze bacteriologic examination, the survey of residence, eating raw shellfish, hepatic disorder, alcohol drinking habits and skin lesion. Results: 1) The rate of male and female is 15.5:1 and in the age, 18 cases are in fifties, seven are in forties and six are over sixties. 2) Clinically, V.vulnificus is detected in 20 of 31 cases which is suspected to have V.vulnificus infection and it is not detected in 5 cases. Other bacteria are detected in 6 cases and they include staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas species, β-hemolytic streptococcus and E-coil. 3) In local distribution, Kohung has 10 cases, Shinan and Mokpo have six, Haenam and Kangjin have five, Yongkwang and Muan have five, Naju and Yongam have five and Kwangju has one. 4) Eating fishes and raw shellfishes is found in 31 cases. In the kind of shellfishes, eating raw clam is 10 cases, raw thin-shelled surf calm is 8 cases, raw oyster is 5 cases and sliced raw fish is 4 cases and pickled sea foods are 4 cases. 5) The cases with hepatic disorder are 23 and 15 cases with heavy alcohol drinking Carrier are included. The cases with Diabetic Mellitus are four and those with pulmonary tuberculosis are two. Two cases have not basal diseases. 6) On the opinion of skin lesion, 20 cases show vesicular necrosis, 7 cases have dendriform erythema, 3 cases have papule and one case doesn't show clear skin lesion. Conclusion: When V.vulnificus infection is detected, it is fatal and those who have hepatic disorder or heavy alcohol drinking habit must avoid eating fishes and shellfishes raw in summer. It is important to have emergency treatment for the patient whose V.vulnificus infection is suspected. It is considered that the administration of initial antibiotics is effective by generalizing the clinical symptom, epidemic opinion and patient history even before the results of bacteriologic confirmed.

나트륨系 化學添加劑가 注入된 粘性土의 壓縮强度에 關한 硏究

趙誠正,高光虎 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1993 農業科學硏究 Vol.10 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of chemicals on the characteristics of com-paction and unconfined compressive strength in brown and black clay soil chemicals. Unconfined compressive strength and compaction tests were performed by adding of sodium sulfite, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, calcium chloride, magnesium oxide, lime and plaster to the amount of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8% by weight of dry soil to two kinds of brown and black clays. After the specimens of soil chemicals were molded, they were cured during 0, 7 and 28 days in the curing chamber having more than 95 percent of relative humidity and 23±1℃ of temperature. The results obtained were as follows ; 1.The relationship between the maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content of soil chemical mixture showed high correlation and the regression equations were as follows : 2.In the brown and black clay soil chemical mixture, with the addition of more sodium chloride, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate, the optimum moisture contents of soil chemical mixtures were decreased, the maximum dry density increased, but with the addition of more magnesium oxide· and lime, the values of the optimum moisture content and the maximum dry density were opposite. In the brown clay soil chemical mixture, the more the amount of plaster contained, the more was the value of optimum moisture content of soil chemical mixture and the less was the maximum dry density, but in the black clay soil chemical mixture there was not a clear tendency. 3.In the brown clay the unconfined compressive strength of soil chemical mixture adding of sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, calcium chloride, plaster and sodium sulfite was decreased with the addition of more chemicals, but in the case of magnesium oxide and lime, on the contrary unconfined compressive strength was increased. In the black clay, with the addition of more chemicals, the unconfined compressive strength of soil chemical mixture adding of calcium chloride and sodium carbonate was decreased, but soil chemical mixture adding of lime and magnesium oxide was increased conversely. The unconfined compressive strength of soil chemical mixture adding plaster was the greatest at the 4 percent of plaster content, those of soil chemical mixtures adding sodium chloride and sodium sulfite were not definite, but were decreased generally. 4.In the brown and black clays, unconfined compressive strength of soil chemical mixture adding sodium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfite, plaster and calcium chloride was decreased in accordance with the longer curing period, but in case of lime and magnesium oxide was increased on the contrary. 5.In the soil chemical mixture mixed with 8 percent of chemical content to brown clay soil, on the basis of 28-day strength, the effect of chemicals was arranged in the order of lime, magnesium oxide, plaster, sodium carbonate, sodium sulfite, calcium chloride and sodium chloride, in the black clay soil, the order of effect was lime, magnesium oxide, plaster, sodium sulfite, calcium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium chloride.

정상인에서 전기 및 자기 자극을 이용한 설 근육의 전기생리학적 평가

조은미,류종현,안성환,조경원,임건한,김진호,김후원 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2006 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.31 No.1

Background: Abnormality of lingual muscles is clinically common. But its exact clinical assessment is quite difficult. Evaluation of motor power of the lingual muscles and their neural pathway is limited because of anatomical inaccessibility and individual variation of subjective symptoms. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the human motor cortex is a non-invasive tool to assess the functional integrity of the fast conducting central motor pathways and electrical stimulation of lingual nerve is a conventional method of peripheral nerve conduction. Therefore both study will be helpful to understanding of pathophysiology of lingual abnormality. Until now there is no such report in Korea. This study was conducted to acquire the easier method and normal control values of Korean subjects. Method: We recorded the motor responses from the lingual muscles of 32 healthy subjects (22 men, 10 women) by focal cortical TMS with a circular coil. Motor potentials were recorded by means of surface electrodes applied on the both side of the tongue, following TMS several centimeters lateral from the vertex and parietooccipital cortex and peripheral electrical stimulation of the 12th cranial nerve at the lateral 1/3 point of the line between the midline and angle of mandible. Results: During moderate motor activation, majority of maximal motor response were obtained 4-6cm lateral to the vertex with similar latencies. And the responses from magnetic stimulation of the intracranial segment of hypoglossal nerve were discarded because of difficulty to obtain and unsatisfactory reproducibility. The latency of motor evoked potentials in right cortical stimulation was 10.08 ± 1.17 msec and in left stimulation 10.04 ± 1.32 msec. The amplitudes in right 2.15 ± 1.02, left 2.09 ± 1.11 mV. The latencies electric hypoglossal nerve stimulation were 2.42 ± 0.34 in right, 2.49 ± 0.35 msec in left side. The amplitudes were 2.90 ± 2.37 in right, 2.43 ± 1.86 mV in left side. Central conduction times as calculated by subtracting the response latencies obtained by magnetic and electric stimulation are right 7.65 ± 1.19, left 7.55 ± 1.35 msec. There was no significant difference between man and woman, Conclusion: The method may be efficient, noninvasive, painless, and easy reproduced. With more extensive application to various neurological disorders, it comes close to being an ideal clinical conduction study technique for this cranial nerve.

첨가성분에 따른 부가중합 실리콘 인상재의 세포독성에 관한 연구

조리라,고성희,정경호,김경남 대한치과기재학회 2001 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.28 No.3

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of polyvinyl siloxane impression materials and it's components using cell culture techniques. In the cytotoxicity test, using the culture of L929 mouse fibroblast, the degree of gross cytotoxic effects on the cells by changes in the cell morphology was scored for each materials. And the changes in the cell membrane permeability was tested using the agar overlay test. The results were as follows: 1.The effect of Examix impression material had on cell viability by evaluating survival rates was more severe than any other materials and newly added surfactants. 2.NP-4, nonylphenoxy polyethylene ethanol homologs, showed some cytotoxicity than PC-550 and BYK066. 3.In the test of the changes in cell membrane permeability using the agar overlay method, any cytotoxicity was recorded in silicone base groups. 3.In agar overlay test, Examix and NP-4 showed most response index and lysis index. 4.The application of surfactant such as PC-550, NP-4, and BYK066 might be considered relatively biocompatible.

소아의 치계성 악안면 근막극 농양에 관한 치험례

조성훈,양규호 大韓小兒齒科學會 1997 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

Odontogenic maxillofacial space abscess in children was treated by the surgcal intervention combined with antiboitic therapy. Followings are the results after monitoring its progression. 1. Maxillofascial space abscess is mainly from the odontogenic infection and it may result in the severe states with the various fascial spaces and their relatives. So their early detection and treatment are needed. 2. The most common symptom in patients was the pain under palpation with painful swelling and the mouth floor elevation was observed in the sublingual space abscess. 3. In most cases, for its treatment, symptomatic therapy, antibiotic therapy, surgical incision and drainage were executed. If the infected tooth is possibly conserved, endodontic treatment is preferred, otherwise, it will be extracted as soon as possible.

저수시 하상상황에 따른 조도계수의 적용에 관한 연구

조성만,유상호,박병선,민일규,민병형 東亞大學校 海洋資源硏究所 2002 硏究論文集 Vol.14 No.1

As the roughness coefficient by existing manning table is used by technician's experience and judgement, it isn't always correct. This study as a try to make quantitative roughness coefficient is to suggest a new application mode computerizing roughness coefficient by surveying the velocity and hydraulic condition of small rivers. The bound of roughness coefficient was 0.027∼0.180 and its values distribute uniformly. This means that the roughness coefficient adapt value Manning table cannot fill up the transformed value when the small rivers are low. The roughness coefficient computation mode in this study with hydraulic radius(R), channel slope(I), average grain diameter(D) as subject factors presents as follows. n = 5.97R^0.671 l^0.452 D^0.059