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林鍾烈 大邱大學校 社會科學硏究所 1991 社會文化硏究 Vol.10 No.-
This paper discusses the definitions of apathy, reviews its differential diagnosis, and proposes a classification for the conditions that may produce it. Apathy is defined as a diminished motivation not attributable to diminished level of consciousness, cognitive impairment, or emotional distress. In its differential diagnosis, delirium, dementia, depression, abulia, akinesia and akinetic mutism, despair, and demoralization must be ruled out. Classification of apathy is organized in terms of its adaptive and functional consequences, its relationship to personality or to sociocultural or environmental events, and its association with clinical disorders. However, apathy is a familiar and salient feature of many different clinical settings, particularly, in terms of diagnoses. It has broader relevance to human functioning, which is evident in its occurrence in response to personal tragedy, natural catastrophe, social loss, environmental deprivation, and role change. Conceptually, apathy is closely linked to motivation and emotion. Perhaps because this conceptual significance has been rarely noted, little attention has been given t the theoretical or clinical aspects of apathy. Therefore, this paper intends to approach to assess and provide a modality of treatment for the syndrome.
안광열(An Kwang Yeol),임종권(Lim Jong Kwon),장형식(Jang Hyeong Sik) 한국철도학회 2006 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
The railroad construction is connected with a variety of engineering fields such as civil engineering, architecture engineering, electrical engineering, physics, machine engineering, and so on. Relatively longterm construction and periodical maintenance are necessary for the project. Civil appeal problems including environmental issue are occurred frequently. Value Engineering(VE) process especially in planning and design phase is essential in order to solve this problem. This paper is intended to propose a systematic design VE process of the railroad construction project. Standard VE manual developed by Korea Rail Network Authority is developed. This paper includes reviews of existing VE processes in order to provide an effective design VE process of the project. It is concluded that the suggested model for VE process may be useful for establishment of VE program of organizations.