近代上海小都會起義的政治社會的含意

李哲源 韓國外國語大學校 外國學綜合硏究센터 中國硏究所 2002 中國硏究 Vol.30 No.-

上海는 개항(1842년) 이전 약 1백년 전부터 소규모 지방도시에서 중국 동남연해의 상품경제가 발달한 항구도시로 성장해 있었다. 특히 중국남북간 교역이 활발하게 이루어진 항구도시이었기에 항운업을 중심으로 지역경제가 매우 발달하였다. 이처럼 국내유통의 중심지이자 물류창고라는 지역적 특성을 바탕으로 중국의 중요한 항구도시로 성장하였는데, 교역되었던 상품의 품목별 혹은 그 분야에 종사하는 상인들이 출신지역에 따리 幇會라는 組織을 발전시켜왔다. 구체적으로 각 同業組織은 公所이고 同鄕組織은 會館이라는 명칭으로 개항이전부터 활성화되어 있었다. 이들 幇會의 형성과 발전에는 일정한 현상이 규칙적으로 반복되었는데 대량의 流浪民들이 유입되는 시기에 반드시 幇會의 극성기가 이루어졌다. 즉, 19세기 50년대 초반 廣東과 福建지역 출신의 유랑민들이 상해에 대거 진입하였을 때 小刀會가 그 구성원을 대량으로 확보하면서 위력을 발휘하여 정치적인 반란을 시도한 것이 小刀會起義이었다. 여기에다 서양자본주의의 유입에 따라 파산한 상해교외의 농민인구가 유입되면서 상해의 도시 규모는 신속하게 확대되었으며 1843년부터 설립된 租界가 서양자본주의 생산양식의 근대적 공장과 기업이 건설되면서 상해의 경제사회구조는 변화가 극성하였다. 이후 洋務運動과 함께 중국의 관상기업들이 대규모로 유입된 유랑민들에게 경제적 기회가 늘어나면서 더욱 유랑민들의 숫자는 확대될 수밖에 없었다. 특히 租界라는 특수한 형태의 도시중심이 경제적인 발전과 더불어 기형적으로 번성하였고 특수한 정치적 제도로 인하여 더욱 많은 농촌인구의 상해유입을 가속화 시켰다. 小刀會起義는 官逼民反이라는 봉건사회현상이 아니라 순수한 정치적 의미를 지닌 근대시민의식의 원시적 표현형태로서 발생하였다는 점에서도 의미가 있다. 이 사건을 계기로 상해의 정치사회적 구조에도 커다란 변화가 야기되었는데 우선 租界지역에 중국인과 서양인들이 모두 거주할 수 있는 華洋雜居의 계기가 마련되었으며 이에 따라 舊도시지역이었던 南市가 파괴되고 상해의 새로운 도시중심으로 租界가 자리잡게 되었다. 또한 淸朝정부의 小刀會起義에 대한 정치적 대응으로 마련된 善后措施로 인하여 廣東과 福建출신 상인들이 경제적으로 위축되었고 江浙출신의 상인들이 그 자리를 대신하면서 새로운 경제중심세력이 형성되는 모습을 보여주기도 하였다. 궁극적으로 小刀會起義라는 근대사에서의 한 사건은 자본의 원시적 축적과 더불어 정치, 사회문화의 각 영역에서 오늘의 상해를 잉태한 사건이었다고 규정할 수 있다.

물체의 반사성질이 능동형광센서에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

이철원,나석주 대한기계학회 1994 대한기계학회논문집 Vol.18 No.11

Active range finders using laser beam have been widely used for the factory automation and quality assurance, but they may be unreliable if the object' slope is steep or its surface is specular. The reliability of an active range finder was analyzed for the variation of the reflected laser beam intensity. First, the properties of the object's reflection were modeled by using the bidirectional reflectance-distribution function(BRDF), and then the variation of the laser beam brightness was formulated for the different configuratioin of the object and sensor. The experimental data of the laser beam reflection were obtained for two materials, mild steel and stainless steel. The parameters of the proposed model were obtained by fitting the data of the mild steel to the model and it was found that the results calculated from the proposed model were in good agreement with the experimental data.

[기술해설]국내ㆍ외 정보보호관련 연구 동향

이철원,홍기융,김학범,이경구,오경희,심주걸 한국정보과학회 1997 정보과학회지 Vol.15 No.4

無勞動 無賃金

李喆源 慶北大學校 法學硏究所 1993 법학논고 Vol.9 No.-

勤勞契約의 更新拒否와 勤勞者保護

李喆源 慶北大學校 法學硏究所 1995 법학논고 Vol.11 No.-

색채감각, 자연스럽게 향상되어야

이철원 한국색채학회 1988 한국색채학회 논문집 Vol.- No.1

정보산업동향 : 미국의 주요 기반구조 보호동향 분석

이철원,박용,이홍섭 한국정보처리학회 2000 정보처리학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Open Innovation in Action

이철원 한국지능정보시스템학회 2011 한국지능정보시스템학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.5

정구경기의 전위 기술이 승패에 미치는 영향

이철원,이충수 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 2001 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.15

As to offer the data for the scientific study, game record and 8mm Digital Camcorder record film of male high school player and college player who were participated in the 82^nd National Sports Meet from preliminary match to the finals were analyzed and court was divided into 16 to analyze forward player's skill and the points made and lost, the number of rally and forward player's points made and lost, the position of forward player and points made and lost, opponent's skill and forward player's points made and lost, the bat position of opponent and forward player's points made and lost, the throw point of forward player and points made and lost, forward backward player's points made and lost and etc easily. As for data treatment, the frequency of victory and failure was recorded from the rally and spss win 9.0 utilized and significant extent was p<.05. 1. Points made skill rate of forward player showed that Fore hand volley was 40.7%, Smash was 26%, and Back hand volley was 24.7%, so that Fore hand volley got the highest rate in forward player's skill. Points lost showed that Fore hand Volley was 33.3%, Back hand Volley was 32.3%, Back hand Receive was 11.5%. Also points made skill of Volley and Smash formed 91.4% and it proved main points made skill of forward player was Volley and Smash and significant extent was p<.05. 2. The Rally's number of highest points made rate was 3^rd and it formed 30.4% of total points made. It means that forward player often made point to cut Poch and etc opponent's receiving ball. Also up to 6 round of rally formed 79.7% of total points made rate and we know most of points made formed within 6 round. As for points lost, it showed 73% during 6 round rally, total points lost rate formed mostly within 6 round. It showed p<.05 significant difference. 3. A forward player made most points made at B, it was 61points and it meant 44.2% of total points made. Next large made points area was C and it was 24.7%. The most points lost area was C, it was 27points and it meant 26% of total points lost. Especially at B area, the forward player lost points 22.2% of total points made and B area was the forward player's receiving area, so it showed there are large points lost. 4. The bat position of the most number of opponent players was J and it was 27.7% of total and next position was H and 16.9% and next position was M and O area. The opponent player was at B and bat then, the forward player made outstanding points more than lost points. As for H area, it was made plenty of points made, at that time Fore hand Volley was effective in forward player's skill 5. A forward player launched an attack DEFG area and 64.5% of total points made were made that area. Especially D area was given much attack, 18 point, that is 62.1% of 29 points was made through Fore hand Volley. B was the least attacked area and it just made 2.9% of total points made. 6. Winning team's forward player formed 44.5% of points made rate, Defeat team's forward player formed 24.5% of points made rate. Therefore generally the forward player got 69.0% of points made. On the other hand, if the backward player was winning team, it got 15% of total points made and if the backward player was defeat team, it got 16% of total points made, and as a whole it got 31% of total points made. This study was confined to the 82^nd National Sports Meet, so it is not general result of tennis game. For the development of tennis game, scientific and positive study is needed. Especially I would like to mention that I feel keenly the necessity of the attempt of various study method to apply to the training program for improving ability in game.

규칙적인 스트레칭이 체격 및 체력 향상에 미치는 영향 : 중학생을 중심으로 Focus on Middle school students

이철원,최인기 公州大學校 藝體能硏究院 스포츠 科學硏究所 2004 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.16 No.-

The purpose of this study is to provide the fundamental data about effective stretching program based on the result of performing regular stretching as an warming up during the physical education class to improve students' physique and physical fitness. For this experimental study, a total of 30 male students and 40 female students of the 3rd grade in Gwang-ju Y-middle school, who were divided into an experimental group and a comparative group, were pre-measured by each domain. Since that, a comparative group started the main class after running 200m-track four times and exercise for juveniles during 12 weeks. And an experimental group started the main class after doing 12-item-stretching program for 15 minutes during the experimental period of 12 weeks. The results of the measurement were analyzed through the pre-measurement and post-measurement of each group. The conclusion of the experiment is as follows: 1. In the aspect of physique, the meaningful difference of the two groups on the growth of their height and legs' length was P〈 0.05. This indicates that the growth of body is not the result of the experimental treat but the result of natural growth. 2. In the aspect of physical fitness, according to the data analyzed through the pre-measurement, post-measurement, inter-groups and in-groups after performing standing-long-jump and sit-up at sitting down regularly, the meaningful difference of the experimental group was p<0.05 while that of the comparative group was not p<0.05. It means that Gymnastic class using stretching program has a big effect on the physical flexibility and quickness of middle school students