모체혈장 및 태자혈장간의 Li⁺농도 경사의 특성에 관한 연구

심재식(Shim, Jae-Sik),성호경(Sung, Ho-Kyung) 대한생리학회 1987 대한생리학회지 Vol.21 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of lithium concentration difference between maternal and fetal plasma and the effect of previous lithium loading on rapid transplacental transport of large amounts of lithium. Pregnant rabbits at 20 ~ 22 days of gestation were divided into two groups: chronic Li⁺ injection group and chronic plus acute Li⁺ injection group. Small amounts of LiCl (1 mmol/kg per day) were given intraperitoneally to all rabbits of both group, for 5 days before sacrifice. The rabbits of chronic plus acute injection group, received additional intravenous injections of large amounts of LiCl (2 mmol/kg) one hour before sacrifice. Maternal arterial blood, placental sinus blood, fetal blood and amniotic fluid were drawn and analyzed for the plasma concentrations of Li⁺, Na⁺ and K⁺ and for osmolartiy. Followings are the results obtained. 1) There was no difference in the Li⁺ concentration between maternal plasma and placental sinus plasma in chronic lithium group, although the Li⁺ concentration of placental sinus plasma was slightly lower than that of maternal arterial plasma in the chronic plus acute lithium group. 2) The Li⁺ concentration of fetal plasma was much lower than that of placental sinus plasma in both groups, the ratio being 0.76±0.250 (mean±95% confidence interval) for the chronic Li⁺ group and 0.78±0.366 for the chronic plus acute Li⁺ group. 3) The ratio of Li⁺ concentration of fetal plasma to maternal arterial plasma was 0.71±0.196 in the chronic group and 0.59±0.261 in the chronic plus acute group. 4) Li⁺ concentration of amniotic fluid was much higher than that of fetal plasma in the chronic Li⁺ group but not significantly different in the chronic plus acute Li⁺ group. 5) An acute loading of Li⁺ did not produce any detectable changes in Na⁺ and K⁺ concentrations and osmolarity of the maternal plasma. The above results may suggest that: (a) The placental barrier maintains steady state lithium concentration gradient between placental sinus plasma and fetal plasma. (b) In rabbits chronically treated with Li⁺ the steady state Li⁺ gradient is established within one hour after an acute Li⁺ loading, provided that the Li⁺ concentration in the maternal plasma is less than 4 mmole/l.

표시광고법의 성격과 보호대상으로서의 소비자 개념의 개선

심재식(Shim, Jae Sik) 서강대학교 법학연구소 2020 법과기업연구 Vol.10 No.3

완전경쟁시장이 성립하기 위해서는 공급자와 수요자 모두 완전한 정보가 필요하지만 현실적으로 대부분의 경우 양자 간에는 정보의 비대칭성이 발생하고 있으며 이는 특히 공급자가 행하는 표시·광고 분야에서 많이 발생하고 있다. 따라서 이를 보완하기 위한 정부 개입이 필요한데 대부분의 선진국에서는 공급자의 표시·광고에 대하여 여러 가지 제도적 규제를 통하여 이를 행하고 있다. 우리나라에서도 「표시·광고의 공정화에 관한 법률」을 통해 이러한 규제를 시행하고 있는데 동법 제1조에 따르면 동법이 소비자를 속이거나 소비자로 하여금 잘못 알게 하는 부당한 표시·광고를 방지하고 소비자에게 바르고 유용한 정보의 제공을 촉진함으로써 공정한 거래질서를 확립하고 소비자를 보호함을 목적으로 하고 있다고 규정하고 있다. 동법은 소비자보호와 함께 공정한 거래질서 확립을 목적으로 하고 있는데 보호 대상으로서의 소비자가 누구인지에 대한 정의는 명확하지 않다. 동법을 살펴보면 소비자를 사업자등이 생산하거나 제공하는 상품등을 사용하거나 이용하는 자로 규정하고 있는데 이는 공정거래위원회가 집행하고 있는 다른 소비자보호법들의 소비자개념과는 상이한 것이다. 그 차이에서 중요한 내용은 재화등의 최종적 사용 여부, 원재료, 자본재 또는 이에 준하는 용도로 생산활동에의 사용 여부인데, 이러한 차이로 인하여 법집행 대상이 상이해지고 표시광고법의 성격에 대하여 논란이 발생할 우려가 있다. 이에 본 고에서는 소비자보호에 관한 여러 법률들에 규정된 소비자에 대한 개념들을 살펴보고 소비자 개념의 상이성이 법의 성격에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 것인지를 분석해 보고자 한다. 다음으로 이로 인한 법적용의 혼란 가능성을 이론적, 실무적 관점에서 논의해본 후 주요 국가들의 표시ㆍ광고에 관한 규정들도 살펴보겠다. 마지막으로 동법의 법적 성격에 맞는 소비자개념을 정립하는 것에 주안점을 두면서 일반 소비자 또는 이에 준하는 소규모 사업자 등 경제적 약자 보호라는 현실적 요구를 수용하는 방향으로 바람직한 개선방안을 제안하고자 한다. In order to establish a perfectly competitive market, both the supplier and the consumer need complete information, but in reality, in most cases, information asymmetry occurs between the two, especially in the field of labeling and advertising performed by suppliers. Therefore, government intervention is necessary to compensate for this, and most developed countries do this through various institutional regulations on labeling and advertising of suppliers. Korea also enforces these regulations through the 「Act on Fair Labeling and Advertising」. According to Article 1 of the Act, the Act prevents unfair labeling and advertising that deceive consumers or mislead consumers. It stipulates that it aims to establish a fair trade order and protect consumers by promoting provision. The law aims to establish a fair trade order along with consumer protection, but the definition of who the consumer is a protected object is not clear. In this Act, consumers are defined as those who use or use products produced or provided by business operators, etc. This is different from the consumer concept of other consumer protection acts enforced by the Fair Trade Commission. The important factors in the difference are whether the goods are ultimately used, raw materials, capital goods, or whether they are used in production activities for similar purposes. These differences lead to different Act enforcement targets and controversy over the Characteristic of the 「Act on Fair Labeling and Advertising」. There is. Therefore, in this paper, we examine the concepts of consumers stipulated in various laws on consumer protection, and analyze how differences in consumer concepts affect the Characteristic of the law. Next, after discussing the possibility of confusion in legal use due to this, from a theoretical and practical point of view, we will also look at the regulations on labeling and advertising of major countries. Lastly, while focusing on establishing a consumer concept that fits the legal Characteristic of the Act, we would like to propose a desirable improvement plan in the direction of accommodating the realistic demands of protecting the economically underprivileged, such as general consumers or small business owners equivalent thereto.

복부 트러스 복합교량 접합구조의 실험적 연구

심창수(Shim, Chang Su),박재식(Park, Jae Sik),김광수(Kim, Kwang Soo) 한국콘크리트학회 2006 한국콘크리트학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.11

모체혈장 및 태자혈장간의 $Li^+$농도 경사의 특성에 관한 연구

심재식,성호경,Shim, Jae-Sik,Sung, Ho-Kyung 대한생리학회 1987 대한생리학회지 Vol.21 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of lithium concentration difference between maternal and fetal plasma and the effect of previous lithium loading on rapid transplacental transport of large amounts of lithium. Pregnant rabbits at $20{\sim}22\;days$ of gestation were divided into two groups: chronic $Li^+$ injection group and chronic plus acute $Li^+$ injection group. Small amounts of LiCl (1 mmol/kg per day) were given intraperitoneally to all rabbits of both group, for 5 days before sacrifice. The rabbits of chronic plus acute injection group, received additional intravenous injections of large amounts of LiCl (2 mmol/kg) one hour before sacrifice. Maternal arterial blood, placental sinus blood, fetal blood and amniotic fluid were drawn and analyzed for the plasma concentrations of $Li^+$, $Na^+$ and $K^+$ and for osmolartiy. Followings are the results obtained. 1) There was no difference in the $Li^+$ concentration between maternal plasma and placental sinus plasma in chronic lithium group, although the $Li^+$ concentration of placental sinus plasma was slightly lower than that of maternal arterial plasma in the chronic plus acute lithium group. 2) The $Li^+$ concentration of fetal plasma was much lower than that of placental sinus plasma in both groups, the ratio being $0.76{\pm}0.250$ ($mean{\pm}95%$ confidence interval) for the chronic $Li^+$ group and $0.78{\pm}0.366$ for the chronic plus acute $Li^+$ group. 3) The ratio of $Li^+$ concentration of fetal plasma to maternal arterial plasma was $0.71{\pm}0.196$ in the chronic group and $0.59{\pm}0.261$ in the chronic plus acute group. 4) $Li^+$ concentration of amniotic fluid was much higher than that of fetal plasma in the chronic $Li^+$ group but not significantly different in the chronic plus acute $Li^+$ group. 5) An acute loading of $Li^+$ did not produce any detectable changes in $Na^+$ and $K^+$ concentrations and osmolarity of the maternal plasma. The above results may suggest that: (a) The placental barrier maintains steady state lithium concentration gradient between placental sinus plasma and fetal plasma. (b) In rabbits chronically treated with $Li^+$ the steady state $Li^+$ gradient is established within one hour after an acute $Li^+$ loading, provided that the $Li^+$ concentration in the maternal plasma is less than 4 mmole/l.

복합 트러스 교량의 연결구조에 대한 실험적 연구

심창수,박재식,김광수,Shim, Chang Su,Park, Jae Sik,Kim, Kwang Soo 한국강구조학회 2007 韓國鋼構造學會 論文集 Vol.19 No.3

경간 40m~100m 정도 경간에 대해 일반적으로 강 박스 거더교에 대한 설계가 이루어지고 있다. 상부구조의 자중을 줄이기 위해서 복합트러스 교량에서 복부의 콘크리트 웹 대신에 강 사재가 사용되고 있다. 이러한 복합트러스 교량의 설계 시 가장 중요한 부분 중의 하나가 콘크리트 상 하부를 연결하는 연결부의 형태이다. 이러한 접합부는 외부에서 작용하는 조합하중을 분담해야하는데, 아직 이러한 접합구조에 대한 명확한 설계기준이 없는 실정이다. 한계상태에서 격점부의 하중전달에 대한 명확한 연구와 설계방법에 대한 조사가 필요하다. 콘크리트 상 하부를 연결하는 격점부 사재는 다양한 연결형태가 있다. 이번 논문에서는 거셋 플레이트에 용접되어진 그룹 스터드 연결재에 관한 연구가 수행되었다. 25mm 절곡 스터드를 사용하여 수행된 전단실험을 통하여 현재의 스터드 간 최소기준 간격을 만족하는 상태에서는 현재의 설계 규정을 사용할 수 있음을 밝혔다. 휨-전단 실험을 통해서는 조합하중이 작용하는 격점부의 상세를 개선하였다. 격점부의 인발강도를 증진시키기 위해서 절곡 스터드가 제안되었고 그룹 스터드의 최 외측 스터드에 적용되었다. 이러한 결과들을 바탕으로 복합 트러스 교량의 개선된 격점부 상세가 개선되고 설계 방안이 제안되었다. Steel box girder bridges are being commonly designed for medium-span bridges of span length. Composite truss bridges with steel diagonals instead of concrete webs can be an excellent design alternative, because it can reduce the dead weight of superstructures. One of the key issues in the design of composite truss bridges is the joint structureconnecting the diagonal steel members with the upper and lower concrete slabs. Because the connection has to carry concentrated combined loads and the design provisions for the joint are not clear, it is necessary to investigate the load transfer mechanism and the design methods for each limit state. There are various connection details according to the types of diagonal members. In this paper, the joint structure with group stud connectors welded on a gusset plate is used. Push-out tests for the group stud connectors of were performed. The test results showed that the current design codes on the ultimate strength ofthe stud connection can be used when the required minimum spacing of stud connectors is satisfied. Flexure-shear tests were conducted to verify the applicability of the design provisions for combined load effects to the strength of joint structures. To increase the pullout strength of the connection, bent studs were proposed and utilized for the edge studs in the group arrangement of the joint. The results showed that the details of the joint structure were enhanced. Thereafter, design guidelines were proposed.

복합 트러스 교량의 격점부 극한강도 평가

심창수(Shim Chang-Su),박재식(Park Jae-Sik),김광수(Kim Kwang-Soo) 대한토목학회 2006 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2006 No.10

가공송전 전력선 가선작업 효율 증진 개선을 위한 장력조정 세트 개발

박영신(Young-Shin Park),이강수(Kang-Soo Lee),심재식(Jae-Sik Shim),남택하(Taek-Ha Nam),최정현(Jeong-Hyeon Choi),신주영(Ju-Young Shin) 대한전기학회 2023 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.7

신경회로망과 GMDH기법을 이용한 고조파전류의 예측에 관한 연구

黃昶善(Chang-Sun Hwang),金文秀(Mun-Soo Kim),金洞完(Dong-Wan Kim),沈在植(Jae-Sik Shim),李京鴻(Kyung-Hong Lee) 대한전기학회 1994 전기학회논문지 Vol.43 No.7

임신 제 3 분기에 자연 파열된 비장동맥류파열 1 예

이혜은(Hea Eun Lee),정병훈(Byoung Hun Joung),노주영(Ju Young No),주인숙(In Sook Joo),심재식(Jae Sik Shim),서경용(Kyung Young Seo) 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.6

The spontaneous rupture of splenic artery aneurysm during pregnancy is a rare but catastrophic event. Two thirds of all ruptures happen during the third trimester. Clinical presentation is often non-specific, with good hemodynamic compensation, followed by a rapid deterioration. Active management and operation are the most important procedures for diagnosis and therapy of the bleeding. Abdominal delivery will help to establish diagnosis and should be performed immediately. We report a case of a patient at 38 weeks of gestation suffering epigastric pain and fetal distress. At emergency cesarean delivery, an aneurysmal rupture of the splenic artery was found to be the reason for the hemoperitoneum. Spleen, aneurysm and the tail of the pancreas were removed. In spite of fatal hemorrhage, the patient survived but her fetus was dead. With a review of the literature on this topic, diagnostic aspects and treatment options are discussed.

태아 신장기형 중 Infantile polycystic kidney 1례

고일영(Il Young Ko),정창호(Chang Ho Jung),송진범(Jin Berm Song),서경용(Kyung Young Seo),심재식(Jae Sik Shim) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.9

The infantile polycystic kidney disease is rare fetal urinary tract anomaly. It is inherited with an autosomal recessive pattern and recurrence rate is 25%. The gene locus is on chromosome 6p. The pathogenesis of infantile polycystic kidney is the primary defect of the collecting ducts. The ultrasonographic finding of infantile polycystic kidney is oligohydramnios, bilaterally symmetrical enlarged kidneys with maintenance of their reinform shape. The differential diagnosis with adult polycystic kidney disease is important. The massive enlargement of the kidneys is rarely seen in adult polycystic kidney disease and the examination of the parents and other members of the family is helpful to confirm the adult polycystic kidney disease. If there is severe renal involvements, stillbirth or neonatal death secondary to pulmonary hypoplasia would be developed. If it were diagnosed before viability, termination of pregnancy is recommended. In a fetus at risk, diagnosed after viability, pregnancy termination is also recommended since this condition is uniformly fatal. We present a case of infantile polycystic kidney.