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Properties of $MgB_2$ Intragrain Nanobridges
홍성학,이순걸,성원경,강원남,김동호,김영국,정국채,Hong, Sung-Hak,Lee, Soon-Gul,Seong, Won-Kyung,Kang, Won-Nam,Kim, Dong-Ho,Kim, Young-Kuk,Chung, Kook-Chae The Korean Superconductivity Society 2009 Progress in superconductivity Vol.10 No.2
Inter-grain nanobridges of the $MgB_2$ superconductor have been fabricated by focused-ion-beam(FIB) and their electrical transport properties were studied. The $MgB_2$ film was prepatterned into microbridges by a standard argon ion milling technique and then FIB-patterned into 100 nm$\times$100 nm bridges. Current-voltage characteristics showed a strong flux-flow type behavior at all temperatures with a trait of Josephson coupling near $T_c$. At low temperatures, the curves showed a two-step resistance-doubled transition with occasional hysteresis. The resistance-doubling transition is believed to be due to a two-channel flux-flow effect. The temperature-dependent critical current data showed $I_c(T){\propto}(1-T/T_c)^2$ near $T_c$, same as a normal barrier junction, and $I_c(T){\propto}(1-T/T_c)^{1.2}$ at low temperatures, similar to that of a film.
홍성학,최창남,김상률,Hong, Sung-Hak,Choi, Chang-Nam,Kim, Sang-Yool 한국섬유공학회 1996 한국섬유공학회지 Vol.33 No.2
In order to determine the effects of functional groups of reactive dyes on the dyeability to cotton fabric, bifunctional reactive dyes, which contain the dichlorotriazine/vinylsulfone(DYE-DV) functional groups and the monochlorotriazine/vinylsulfone(DYE-MV) functional groups, were synthesized. The maximum absorption wavelength of ($λ_{max}$DYE-DV and DYE-MV was 512nm and 518nm, and the reaction yields of each dye were 75% and 89%, respectively. The synthesized dyes were compared in terms of the dyeability. The exhaustion amount of DYE-DV was smaller than that of DYE-MV. This means that DYE-DV is more substantive to cotton fiber than DYE-MV. But the fixation amount of DYE-DV was larger than that of DYE-MV at high temperature as well as at low temperature. And the wash-off property of DYE-DV was also better than that of DYE-MV due to its low substantivity.
윤상혁(Yun, Sang Hyeok),박상도(Park, Sang Do),홍성학(Hong, Sung Hak),김길주(Kim, Gil Ju),이혜민(Lee, Hye Min),이창재(Lee, Chang Jae),이경혜(Lee, Kyung Hye) 한국자동차공학회 2022 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2022 No.11
Currently, each country imposes penalties on automakers through fuel economy and carbon regulation, and in North America off-cycle credit B to B transaction is possible. Ventilation seat is recognized as an indirect fuel economy improvement technology(off-cycle credit). The purpose of this development is to increase the amount of credit earned from ventilation seat. And in North America, IQS is required antifouling performance of seat covering. So we would like to develop a ventilation seat that satisfies the antifouling performance. The double raschell fabric has an advantage in terms of shape stability, so using this fabric.
서명지 ( Myung-ji Seo ),이영상 ( Young-sang Lee ),이재원 ( Jae-won Lee ),안현주 ( Hyun-joo An ),류혜경 ( Hye-kyung Ryu ),김학규 ( Hak-kyu Kim ),홍성학 ( Seong-hak Hong ) 한국산업식품공학회 2016 산업 식품공학 Vol.20 No.4
본 연구에서는 시판되고 있는 웅담 및 저담, 우담의 담즙산 및 지방산 조성 등의 이화학적 특성 분석과 유전자 분석을 통해 각 담즙을 구별하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 또한 이러한 이화학적 특성 분석을 통해 확보된 바이오마커를 바탕으로 국내에 수입되고 있는 웅담의 진위여부를 확인하고자 하였다. 그 결과 HPLC 기반의 담즙산 분석은 각 담즙산 유래에 따른 주요 담즙산의 차이는 향후 단일 시료 및 혼합 담즙산의 진위여부를 판단할 수 있는 바이오마커로 충분히 활용이 가능한 방법이라고 판단된다. GC 기반의 지방산 분석의 경우 단일 담즙산의 진위여부는 확인이 가능하나 혼합 시료의 경우에는 정확한 담즙의 유래를 판단하기 곤란하였다. DPPH에 의한 전자공여능 분석을 통해 각 담즙 시료들의 항산화 활성을 측정한 결과 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 향후 DPPH 이외의 다양한 항산화활성 분석을 통해 담즙 구별을 위한 바이오마커로 적용이 가능하도록 추가 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. 마지막으로 유전자 분석을 수행한 결과 GC 기반의 지방산 조성 분석과 마찬가지로 단일 담즙산 시료의 경우에는 확인이 가능하나 혼합 시료의 경우 저담의 혼합 여부를 추가적으로 증빙할 수는 없었다. 따라서 혼합 시료의 경우에는 담즙산 분석 결과를 뒷받침할 수 있는 추가적인 분석 방법에 대한 연구가 향후 수행될 필요가 있다고 판단된다. 지금까지 국내에서는 각종 동물의 담즙 조성과 함량을 분석한 연구결과가 희박하여 시중에 유통되는 담즙의 종류를 확인하는데 어려움이 있었다. 하지만 상기 연구를 통해 HPLC 기반의 담즙산 분석 및 GC 기반의 지방산 조성 분석 그리고 유전자 분석을 통해 1개의 혼합 시료를 제외하고 대부분의 시료에서 담즙의 종류를 판단할 수 있었다. 또한 이를 바탕으로 국내에 수입되는 웅담 시료를 분석한 결과 웅담이 아닌 다른 종류의 단일 동물 유래 담즙 또는 웅담과 혼합된 형태의 담즙으로 확인되어 국내에서도 비정상적인 담즙이 유통되고 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 본 연구는 향후 국내에 유통되고 있는 웅담의 진위여부를 확인하여 담즙의 불법유통 방지 및 식품의 안전관리에 중요한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. The objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics of bear, pig, and cow biles to determine their authenticities for safe food distribution. The main bile acids of bear bile were tauroursodeoxycholic acid and taurochenodeoxycholic acid, while glycochenodeoxycholic acid and taurochenodeoxycholic acid for pig bile and taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid for cow bile were majorly detected by HPLC analysis. HPLC analysis was effective in monitoring of several samples imported as bear bile if employed to determine the authenticity of each bile. After the analysis of fatty acid composition by GC analysis, the ratio of the oleic acid of bear bile was relatively low compared to pig and cow biles. The ratio of the linoleic acid of bear bile was also similar to pig bile, whereas it had a tendency to be high compared to cow bear. The genetic analysis of the imported bile samples was mostly in agreement with the results of HPLC and GC analysis to identify the origin of imported biles. Finally, this study on the identification of bile origin by physicochemical analysis can give basic information to monitor the origin of biles and further to establish a reliable system for bear bile distribution.
녹차, 백차, 황차, 우롱차 및 홍차의 추출조건에 따른 이화학적 성분 조성 변화 연구
이영상,정슬아,김정환,조경숙,신을기,이희영,류혜경,안현주,정원일,홍성학,Lee, Young-Sang,Jung, Seul-A,Kim, Jung-Hwan,Cho, Kyoung-Sook,Shin, Eul-Ki,Lee, Hee-Young,Ryu, Hye-Kyung,Ahn, Hyun-Ju,Jung, Won-Il,Hong, Sung-Hak 한국식품영양학회 2015 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.28 No.5
This study analyzes the chemical composition of green tea, white tea, yellow tea, oolong tea and black tea with respect to extraction temperature and time. The optimum extraction conditions for these teas were determined by assessing the chemical composition of tea brewed at different temperature (50, 60, 70, $80^{\circ}C$) and extraction times (1, 3, 5, 10 minute). Catechins contents were the largest at 5 minutes and generally declined by 10 minutes. Green tea catechins contents were highest when brewed at $70^{\circ}C$ and besides other teas a change of the trend variation at 70 and $80^{\circ}C$. These temperatures did not extract theaflavins in green tea. Extract temperature and time did not significantly affect theaflavins content of white tea, yellow tea, and oolong tea. Black tea, however, was noticeably dependent on extract conditions, which were most effective at $70^{\circ}C$, brewed for 5 minutes. Caffeine content of green tea, yellow tea, and oolong tea was highest at 5 minutes, but temperature did not appear to affect the content. White tea and black tea caffeine content was highest when brewed at $70^{\circ}C$ for 5 minutes. Theobromine content of green tea, yellow tea, oolong tea, and black tea did not show major differences between the study times or temperature, though the content in white tea increased with higher temperatures when brewed for 5 minutes. The extraction of phenolic compounds increased until 5 minutes, and showed not further increase at 10 minutes. Antioxidant capacity of green tea, white tea, and yellow tea were maximized at $70^{\circ}C$ for 5 minutes or $80^{\circ}C$ for 3 minutes, while oolong and black tea were reached maximum antioxidants at $70^{\circ}C$ for 5 minutes. In general, to optimize the beneficial chemical content of brewed tea, a water temperature of $70^{\circ}C$ for 5 minutes is recommended.