TECAR 치료가 교각 자세 시 배가로근, 배속빗근, 배바깥빗근의 두께에 미치는 영향

차영주(Young joo Cha),김경태(Kyoung tae Kim),신지원(Ji won Shin),윤삼원(Sam won Yoon) 한국보건기초의학회 2023 한국보건기초의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

인터넷마케팅 전략으로써 쇼핑몰 디자인이 구매결정에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

차영주(Young-joo Cha),이태경(Tae-kyung Lee) 한국디자인학회 2001 디자인학연구 Vol.- No.40

하수관거시설의 침수대응 운영·관리 실태 연구 (II)

류재나,차영주,오재일,현인환,김영란,장대환,Ryu, Jaena,Cha, Young Joo,Oh, Jeill,Hyun, In Hwan,Kim, Young-Ran,Chang, Dae-Hwan 대한상하수도학회 2009 상하수도학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Under current design standard, sewers are designed to drain stormwater generated up to 10 year return period of storms. This implies sewer flooding could occur from rainfall exceeding a 10 year return period. 5, 10, 20 and 30 year return period of storm intensities were calculated for 22 locations (cities) of meterological stations over the nation and compared to the recorded rainfall intensities for the last 30 years. The comparison resulted in the numbers of year maximum rainfall intensities exceeded each return period. Using the questionnaire survey for "the incidences of flooding since 1980" of the previous paper (Survey on sewerage operation/management planning for flooding (I)), the actual rainfall records on the date of flooding events were analyzed to demonstrate the number of flooding events caused by the exceedance of sewer capacity. For the last 30 years, more than 6 years of year maximum rainfall intensity (20%) were larger than the 10 year return period of storm in 4 cities of the 22 used for the first analysis. The number of rainfall records that exceeded the 10 year return period was 50 of the 260 actual flooding events investigated from the survey.

백서의 급성폐손상에서 surfactant의 항염증작용과 호중구의 NK-${\kappa}B$ 활성과의 관계

안창혁,차영주,이경희,유철규,이병준,정도영,이훈,신종욱,김재열,박인원,최병휘,An, Chang-Hyeok,Cha, Young-Joo,Lee, Kyoung-Hee,Yoo, Chul-Gyu,Lee, Byoung-Jun,Jeong, Do-Young,Lee, Sang-Hoon,Shin, Jong-Wook,Kim, Jae-Yeol,Park, In-Won,Choi, 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2002 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.53 No.5

연구배경 : 급성폐손상의 치료로 시도되는 표면활성물질의 효과는 허탈된 폐포를 재환기시키는 작용 외에 표면 활성물질 자제가 가지고 있는 항염증작용이 중요한 기전으로 생각되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 백서의 급성폐손상 모델을 이용하여 기관 내로 표면활성물질을 투여하였을 때, 기관지폐포세척액의 백혈구수와, 염증매개 사이토카인인 IL-$1{\beta}$ 그리고 IL-6의 농도에 변화가 있는지를 살펴보고, surfactant의 항염증작용이 전사인자인 NF-${\kappa}B$의 활성의 억제를 통하여 이루어지는지 여부를 Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) 법으로 확인하였다. 방 법 : 대상동물은 300g 내외의 수컷 백서를 이용하였으며, 대상동물을 각각 6 마리씩 세 군으로 나누었다. 대조군은 기관 내로 생리식염수(3ml/kg)를 30분 간격으로 투여하였다. 나머지 두 군은 기관 내로 내독소(5mg/kg)를 투여하여 급성폐손상을 유발하고, 30 분 후에 표변활성 물질 치료군은 surfactant(30mg/kg)을 그리고 비치료군은 생리식염수(3ml/kg)을 각각 기관 내로 투여하였다. 생리식염수나 내독소를 투여한 24 시간 후에 기관지폐포세척술을 시행하였고, 기관지폐포세척액 내의 백혈구수와 IL-$1{\beta}$ 그리고 IL-6의 농도를 측정하였다. 또한 기관지폐포세척액에서 호중구를 분리하고 핵 단백질을 추출하여 NF-${\kappa}B$의 활성을 EMSA법으로 측정하였다. 결 과 : 대조군, 표면활성물질 치료군, 그리고 비치료군의 기관지폐포세척액의 백혈구 수는 각각 $356{\pm}275{\times}10^3/{\mu}1$, $3,221{\pm}1,914{\times}10^3/{\mu}1$, 그리고 $5,561{\pm}1,757{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$으로 비치료군의 백혈구 수가 가장 높았고, 다음으로 표면활성물질 치료군, 비치료군의 순서였다(p<0.05). 기관지폐포세척액의 IL-$1{\beta}$ 농도는 대조군은 0pg/ml, 표면활성물질 치료군은 $360{\pm}234pg/ml$, 그리고 비치료군은 $2,064{\pm}1,082pg/ml$로 대조군에 비해 표면활성물질 치료군이, 그리고 표면활성물질 치료군에 비해 비치료군의 IL-$1{\beta}$농도가 높았다(p<0.05). 기관지폐포세척액의 IL-6 농도는 대조군, 표면활성물질 치료군, 비치료군에서 각각 $49{\pm}62pg/ml$, $1,754{\pm}1,340pg/ml$, 그리고 $3,621{\pm}567pg/ml$으로 대조군에 비해 표면활성물질 치료군이, 그리고 표면활성물질 치료군에 비해 비치료군의 농도가 높았다(p<0.05). 표면활성물질 치료군과 비치료군 사이에서 호중구의 NF-${\kappa}B$ 활성화에는 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 연구로 내독소의 기관 내 투여로 유발한 백서의 급성폐손상에서 기관 내로 투여한 표면활성물질은 기관지폐포세척액의 백혈구수와 염증매개 사이토카인인 IL-$1{\kappa}$ 그리고 IL-6의 농도를 감소시켜 폐포 내의 염증을 감소시켰으며, 표면활성 물질의 항염증작용은 NF-${\kappa}B$의 활성의 억제를 통하여 이루어지지는 않는 것으로 판단된다. Background : The therapeutic effects of surfactants on acute lung injury derive not only from their recruiting action on collapsed alveoli but also from their anti-inflammatory action in the alveolar sapce. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory action of a surfactant in an acute lung injury model of rats by neutrophils were recollected from the BAL fluid and the NF-${\kappa}B$ activity of the neutrophilic nuclear protein was evaluated. Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 300 gram were divided into 3 groups, which consisted of 6 rats respectively. In the control group, normal saline(3ml/kg) was instilled into the trachea twice with 30 minute interval. In two other groups, acute lung injury was induced by the intra-tracheal instillation of LPS(5mg/kg). Thirty minutes later, either a surfactant(ST group; 30mg/kg) or normal saline(NT group: 3ml/kg) was instilled via the trachea. Twenty-four hours after the LPS instillation, the BAL fluid was retrieved to measure the WBC count and cytokine(IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6) levels. The neutrophils were isolated from the BAL fluid and the nuclear protein was extracted to evaluate the NF-${\kappa}B$ activity using a eletrophoretic mobility shift assay(EMSA). Results : The WBC count of the BAL fluid of the ST group($3,221{\pm}1,914{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$) was higher than that of the control group($356{\pm}275{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$)(p<0.05) and lower than that of the NT group($5,561{\pm}1,757{\times}10^3/{\mu}l$)(p<0.05)). The BAL fluid level of IL-$1{\beta}$ from the NT group($2,064{\pm}1,082pg/ml$) was higher than those of the ST group($360{\pm}234pg/ml$)(p<0.05) and the control group(0pg/ml)p<0.05) and control group($49{\pm}62pg/ml$)(p<0.05). The NF-${\kappa}B$ activity of the neutrophilic nuclear protein in the ST group and NT group was similar. Conclusion : The surfactant, attenuates the alveolar inflammation in the acute lung injury of rats model. However, its anti-inflammatory action does no't appear to be mediated by the inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ activity.

Anthracofibrosis의 결핵활동성 지표로서 혈청 IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$, 그리고 TBGL(tuberculous glycolipid) antibody 측정의 의의

정도영,차영주,이병준,정혜령,이상훈,신종욱,김재열,박인원,최병휘,Jeong, Do Young,Cha, Young Joo,Lee, Byoung Jun,Jung, Hye Ryung,Lee, Sang Hun,Shin, Jong Wook,Kim, Jae-Yeol,Park, In Won,Choi, Byoung Whui 대한결핵및호흡기학회 2003 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.55 No.3

연구배경 : 기관지내시경에서 관찰되는 anthracofibrosis가 활동성결핵과 연관이 있다는 보고가 있으나, 관찰 당시에 결핵의 활동성 여부가 확실하지 않아서 항결핵치료 시행여부를 결정하기 어려운 경우가 있다. 본 연구에서는 결핵의 활동성과 연관이 높은 IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$의 혈청 농도와 결핵의 혈청진단방법인 TBGL 항체의 농도가 anthracofibrosis 환자에서 결핵의 활동성 여부를 진단하는데 도움이 되는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 건강한 자원자(16명), 활동성결핵으로 진단되어 투약하기 직전의 환자(22명), 활동성결핵으로 진단되고 6개월간 항결핵제 투여를 마친 환자(13명), 그리고 anthracofibrosis 환자(15명)에서 혈청을 채취한 뒤, IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$ 그리고 TBGL 항체의 농도를 ELISA 방법으로 측정하였다. 결 과 : 건강한 자원자, 결핵치료전 환자, 결핵치료후 환자, 그리고 anthracofibrosis 환자의 IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$는 각각 $640{\pm}174$, $1,611{\pm}2,423$, $953{\pm}562$, $863{\pm}401$ pg/ml, IFN-${\gamma}$의 농도는 각각 0, $8.16{\pm}17.34$, $0.70{\pm}2.53$, $2.33{\pm}6.67$ pg/ml, 그리고 TBGL 항체 농도는 각각 $0.83{\pm}0.80$, $5.91{\pm}6.71$, $6.86{\pm}6.85$, $3.22{\pm}2.59$ U/ml였다. TBGL 항체 농도만이 건강한 자원자에서 다른 군에 비해 낮았을 뿐(p<0.05) IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$와 IFN-${\gamma}$ 농도는 네 군 사이에 차이가 없었다. Anthracofibrosis 환자 중에서 나중에 활동성 결핵으로 진단된 6명과 나머지 9명 사이에서도 상기한 지표의 농도 차이는 관찰되지 않았다. 결 론 : 1) Anthracofibrosis 환자의 40%에서 활동성 결핵이 동반되었다. 2) 혈청 IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$ 그리고 TBGL 항체 농도는 anthracofibrosis에서 결핵의 활동성 지표로 유용하지 않았다. 3) 혈청 TBGL 항체 농도는 건강한 자원자와 나머지 군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보였다. Background : Anthracofibrosis, a descriptive term for multiple black pigmentation with fibrosis on bronchoscopic examination, has a close relationship with active tuberculosis (TB). However, TB activity is determined in the later stage by the TB culture results in some cases of anthracofibrosis. Therefore, it is necessary to identify early markers of TB activity in anthracofibrosis. There have been several reports investigating the serum levels of IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$ and TBGL antibody for the evaluation of TB activity. In the present study, we tried to measure the above mentioned serologic markers for the evaluation of TB activity in patients with anthracofibrosis. Methods : Anthracofibrosis was defined when there was deep pigmentation (in more than two lobar bronchi) and fibrotic stenosis of the bronchi on bronchoscopic examination. The serum of patients with anthracofibrosis was collected and stored under refrigeration before the start of anti-TB medication. The serum of healthy volunteers (N=16), patients with active TB prior to (N=22), and after (N=13), 6 month-medication was also collected and stored. Serum IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$ were measured with ELISA kit (R&D system, USA) and serum TBGL antibody was measured with TBGL EIA kit (Kyowa Inc, Japan). Results : Serum levels of IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$ in healthy volunteers, active TB patients before and after medication, and patients with anthracofibrosis were $640{\pm}174$, $1,611{\pm}2,423$, $953{\pm}562$, and $863{\pm}401$ pg/ml, respectively. The Serum IFN-${\gamma}$ levels were 0, $8.16{\pm}17.34$, $0.70{\pm}2.53$, and $2.33{\pm}6.67$ pg/ml, and TBGL antibody levels were $0.83{\pm}0.80$, $5.91{\pm}6.71$, $6.86{\pm}6.85$, and $3.22{\pm}2.59$ U/ml, respectively. The serum level of TBGL antibody was lower than of other groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference of serum IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$ and IFN-${\gamma}$ levels among the four groups. Conclusion : The serum levels of IL-2 $sR{\alpha}$, IFN-${\gamma}$ and TBGL antibody were not useful in the evaluation of TB activity in patients with anthracofibrosis. More useful ways need to be developed for the differentiation of active TB in patients with anthracofibrosis.

수질관리 : XP-SWMM 모델에서 하수량의 시간 변화율 및 강우상황에 따른 CSOs 발생 특성

현인환 ( In Hwan Hyun ),독고석 ( Seok Dockko ),차영주 ( Young Joo Cha ) 한국물환경학회 ( 구 한국수질보전학회 ) 2009 공동 추계학술발표회 Vol.2009 No.-

간암 환자에서 혈청 인터루킨 - 6 측정의 임상적 유용성

홍요한(Yo Han Hong),박중원(Joong Won Park),차영주(Young Joo Cha),김미경(Mi Kyung Kim),김형준(Hyung Joon Kim),도재혁(Jae Hyuk Do),김재규(Jae Gyu Kim),유병철(Byung Chul Yoo),박실무(Sill Moo Park) 대한소화기학회 2002 대한소화기학회지 Vol.39 No.5

Background/Aims: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been reported as a mediator of growth control in several human neoplasms, including cholangiocellular carcinomas (CCC). The clinical utility of the serum IL- 6 was evaluated for patients with primary and metastatic liver cancer regarding to differential diagnosis of liver cancers. Methods: Clinical characteristics and serum level of IL-6 were examined in 50 patients [ 13, CCC; 21, hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) ; 16, metastatic adenocarcinomas (MAC) ] , using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry specific for IL-6. Results: Hyperbilirubinemia was observed more frequently in the patients than in the patients with HCC or MAC. The elevation of serum IL-6 level was detected in all the CCC patients, 13 HCC patients, and 8 MAC patients. However, 6 healthy controls did not show it. Mean level of serum IL-6 was significantly higher in the patients with CCC ( 263.8 pg/mL) than in the patients with HCC ( 21.8 pg/mL) and MAC ( 6.8 pg/mL) ( p=0.0185). Serum level of IL-6 was correlated with tumor burden in the patients with CCC (r= 0.57, p=0.042). IL-6 expression was more frequently observed in CCC and HCC specimens than in MAC specimens by immunohistochemical study (p= 0.0136). Conclusions: A high serum level of IL-6 marks CCC patients and correlates with tumor burden. The immunohistochemical study of IL-6 may distinguish CCC from MAC. ( Korean J Gastroenterol 2002; 39: 362-369)

경피적전기신경자극 적용 시 적용강도가 성인남성의 위등세모근의 근활성도와 근경도에 미치는 영향

김충유 ( Chung-yoo Kim ),배원식 ( Won-sik Bae ),차영주 ( Young-Joo Cha ) 대한통합의학회 2022 대한통합의학회지 Vol.10 No.1

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of applying intensity on the muscle activity and muscle hardness of the upper trapezius muscle in adult males when TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) was applied. In addition, this study intends to prepare the scientific basic data of TENS for the purpose of relaxation based on the experimental results. Methods : Eighty-seven healthy adult males participated in the experiment, and they were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. All subjects in this study were healthy subjects without musculoskeletal or nervous system damage. All subjects were subjects who voluntarily consented to the purpose and method of the experiment. All subjects were provided with a load by typing for 20 minutes, and muscle activity and muscle hardness of the upper trapezius muscle were measured immediately. Afterwards, TENS was given to each groups for 15 minutes, and the experimental group received stimulation at the motor threshold level, and the control group received a placebo stimulation. After stimulation, muscle activity and muscle hardness of the upper trapezius muscle were measured in the same method. The measured data were compared between groups through an independent t-test and dependent t-test. The statistical significance level was set at .05. Results : The application of TENS statistically significantly decreased the muscle activity and muscle hardness of the trapezius muscle in the experimental group, and the results showed a significant difference from the control group. Conclusion : Application of TENS significantly decreased the muscle activity and muscle stiffness of the upper trapezius muscle. The application of TENS of applying intensity that induces muscle contraction may induce relaxation by reducing the muscle activity and muscle hardness of the trapezius muscle.

스마트시티 수열에너지 효과 분석 및 활용모델 수립에 관한 연구

박현준(Hyun Jun Park),김태형(Tae Hyung Kim),차영주(Young Joo Cha),박재현(Jae Hyun Park),김민식(Min Sik Kim),김양아(Yang Ah Kim) 한국신재생에너지학회 2023 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2023 No.6

재생에너지를 통한 시범주택 단지의 에너지 자립에 관한 연구

조해진(Cho Hae Jin),김태형(Kim Tae Hyung),차영주(Cha Young Joo) 대한설비공학회 2022 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.11

In order to improve the energy independence technologies, this study developed a model for producing and sharing energy at a community unit rather than a single building and demonstrated the developed technologies. To achieve energy independence, the latest technologies such as the solar power, geothermal, hydrothermal, ESS, and thermal energy storage are applied in the smart village, and a platform that can share and trade energy has been applied to increase the energy utilization rate of the entire community. It is expected that improving energy utilization efficiency by sharing overproduced renewable energy will minimize energy from the grid per community and reduce carbon emissions significantly. In consequence, the characteristics of smart village and future plans of smart cities in terms of energy independence has been proved.