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MUC1 from the Mucin Family as Potential Tools in Breast Cancer Immunotherapy
박흥규,U Hyoung Seo 한국유방암학회 2009 Journal of breast cancer Vol.12 No.3
Many breast cancer patients develop minimal residual disease that becomes resistance to treatments, and finally are faced with relapse and progression of disease. Currently, immunotherapy has become a potential therapy in treating minimal residual disease and preventing cancer occurrence. Cancer vaccines provide a unique therapeutic modality in that they initiate a dynamic process of activating the host’s own immune system. A lot of tumor specific antigens as a target of immune system were identified and some have been applied for cancer vaccine. Mucin 1 (MUC1) oncoprotein, which is overexpressed in breast cancer in contrast with normal mammary tissue, is one of the first tumor antigens shown to be a target for human tumor-specific T cells and thus a valid target for immunotherapy. MUC1 is a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein rich in serine and threonine residues that are O-glycosylated. MUC1 is expressed on glandular epithelia and on epithelial tumors. But, tumor MUC1 differs from normal MUC1 by modified glycan side chains. Over-expression and aberrant glycosylation of MUC1 antigen by epithelial tumors results in endogenous antibody responses in cancer patients to MUC1 antigen. This finding has led to the identification of MUC1 derived peptide epitopes that induce T-cell responses. MUC1 based clinical trials have used peptides, protein, DNA, pulsed dendritic cells, or glycopeptide. This review will summarize the potential utility of breast cancer immunotherapy of MUC1, as well as the structure and function.
添加劑가 시멘트 및 石炭混合土의 壓縮强度에 미치는 影響
朴興奎 관동대학교 1988 關大論文集 Vol.16 No.2
The activation of the various construction works, together with the rapid growth of our national economy, has caused the ever increasing demand of good aggregate(such as sand, gravel ect) which is quite essential to the construction and it`s an impending everyday problem how to get a good kind of aggregate Therefore, in the sites where we cannot properly find the desirable aggregate, we improve the quality of the soil in terms of mixing cement or lime with soil, which is rather easily found nearby, and apply the mixture instead to the construction. However, we notice that the stabilized cement and lime mixtures show some defects in strength and durability as well as shrinkage crack, Thus, the present study, in order to see the problems clearly, try to examine the effect of additives upon the cement-soil and Lime-soil mixtures by changing the amount of each of the six additives. we`ve picked the soil as test material at the eastern part of the country.