Reciprocal Crosses Between Astaxanthin and Capsanthin Rice Unravel Effects of Metabolic Gene Efficacy in Rice Endosperm

정예솔,Kim Jae Kwang,Baek Seung-A,Lee Jong-Yeol,Lee Dongho,하선화 한국식물학회 2021 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.64 No.4

Carotenoids are not naturally accumulated in the endosperms of rice, which is a cereal crop. In our previous study, biofortified rice seeds accumulated two red color carotenoids, ketocarotenoids including astaxanthin and ketoxanthophylls including capsanthin, via four-step pathway engineering. Their biosynthetic pathways require zeaxanthin as a common precursor and then bifurcated. In this study, cross-fertilization between two astaxanthin (BP and sBP) and two capsanthin (C and CB) rice plants were reciprocally performed to elucidate the rice seed system’s metabolic preference. Filial seeds showed different colors in red hues between mutually interbred lines as well as from parents. The strongest driving force for metabolism was caused by the sBP line for astaxanthin regardless of the parent side and proved to be the most efficacious customized synthetic gene for rice crops. It further resulted in the highest astaxanthin levels when paternal sBP mated with maternal CB line, which has the biggest capacity of total carotenoids. Also, reciprocal crosses between CB and BP lines ascertained their metabolically balanced gene efficacy by showing the pathway preference toward either ketoxanthophylls or ketocarotenoids depending on the paternal parental side. Our study suggests that gene efficacy plays the most decisive role in leading the metabolic path and revealed the unexpectedly paternal parent-of-origin effects in the endosperm. Consequently, we simultaneously biofortified rice crops with two functional red carotenoids and finally generated new red-colored rice varieties.

인공지능 챗봇 활용 수업이 과학학업성취도 및 과학긍정경험에 미치는 영향 : 초등학교 6학년 ‘우리 몸의 구조와 기능’ 단원을 중심으로

정예솔,신동훈 부산교육대학교 미래교육원 2023 초등교육연구 Vol.38 No.2

The purpose of this study is to develop artificial intelligence chatbots that can be used in elementary school science classes and to explore how chatbot-based learning affects students' science academic achievement and positive experiences of science. By analyzing the elementary school science curriculum and artificial intelligence education content criteria, a 6th-grade life section was selected as a research scope, and chatbot was developed. As a result of the study, it was concluded that science classes using chatbots had a positive effect on science academic achievement and positive experiences of science of elementary school students. Therefore, science classes using artificial intelligence chatbot are expected to contribute to the expansion of artificial intelligence convergence education in future elementary school science class as they have a positive effect on elementary school students' science academic achievement and positive experiences of science. 이 연구는 초등학교 과학 수업에 활용할 수 있는 인공지능 챗봇을 개발하고 챗봇 활용 학습이 학생들의 과학학업성취도 및 과학긍정경험에 어떤 영향을 미치는지 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 초등학교 과학과 교육과정과 인공지능 교육내용 기준을 분석하여 6학년 생명 분야의 ‘우리 몸의 구조와 기능’ 단원을 연구 범위로 선정하여 총 6차시의 수업이 가능한 챗봇을 개발하였고, 초등학생 6학년을 대상으로 챗봇 활용 수업을 시행한 뒤 과학학업성취도와 과학긍정경험 지표 검사 도구를 이용하여 이질 통제집단 사전사후검사 설계 후 t-검정을 통해 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 챗봇 활용 과학 수업이 초등학생들의 과학학업성취도와 과학긍정경험에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 결론을 도출하였다. 따라서 인공지능 챗봇을 적용한 생명 분야 수업이 초등학생의 과학학업성취도 및 과학긍정경험에 긍정적인 효과가 있으므로 앞으로의 초등학교 과학 수업에서 인공지능 융합교육의 확장에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

Rubi-colored crops with built-in ketocarotenoid biosynthetic pathway

정예솔,구형근,이종렬,이동호,하선화 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.2

Ketocarotenoid–biofortifed crops are required as natural additives with respect to their Rubi-like reddish color and strong antioxidative properties for foods and feeds. They can be an alternative means of microalgal and bacterial systems and do not depend on chemical synthesis, providing safe, sustainable, and processing-free platforms. To reach sufcient commercial demands, diferent metabolic engineering strategies have been used in diverse crop plants. In this study, we summarized the current achievements for de novo production of ketocarotenoids in major crops and described host crop-specifc tactics to optimize the ketocarotenoid biosynthetic pathway, considering the following diferent levels and types of carotenoid being accumulated as precursors: lutein and zeaxanthin in maize seeds; lutein in rice seeds, canola seeds, soybean seeds, and tobacco fowers; zeaxanthin in potato tubers; β–carotene in carrot roots; and lycopene in tomato fruits. This study sug�gests prospects for the advanced performance of ketocarotenoid biofortifcation in crops in two crucial points: host crop cultivar and the elaborately designed genetic strategies. The latter includes an increase in the total carotenoid capacity by co-consideration to supply precursors and stabilizers, the prevention of metabolite loss in competing or catabolic pathways or both pathways, and the sensible choice of genes and genetic elements for optimal expression. Furthermore, progresses in synthetic biology and new biotechnology, such as genome editing, could accelerate the development of high-valued “Rubi Crops,” which satisfy the nutritional and functional needs of humans and animals.

Effect of codon optimization on the enhancement of the b-carotene contents in rice endosperm

정예솔,구형근,김재광,유민경,임선형,김주곤,하선화 한국식물생명공학회 2017 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.11 No.3

A b-carotene is the most well-known dietary source as provitamin A carotenoids. Among b-caroteneproducing Golden Rice varieties, PAC (Psy:2A:CrtI) rice has been previously developed using a bicistronic recombinant gene that linked the Capsicum Psy and Pantoea CrtI genes by a viral 2A sequence. To enhance b-carotene content by improving this PAC gene, its codon was optimized for rice plants (Oryza sativa L.) by minimizing the codon bias between the transgene donor and the host rice and was then artificially synthesized as stPAC (stPsy:2A:stCrtI) gene. The GC content (58.7 from 50.9%) and codon adaptation index (0.85 from 0.77) of the stPAC gene were increased relative to the original PAC gene with 76% DNA identity. Among 67 T1 seeds of stPAC transformants showing positive correlations between transgene copy numbers (up to three) and carotenoid contents, three stPAC lines with a single intact copy were chosen to minimize unintended insertional effects and compared to the representative line of the PAC transgene with respect to their codon optimization effects. Translation levels were stably increased in all three stPAC lines (3.0-, 2.5-, 2.9- fold). Moreover, a greater intensity of the yellow color of stPAC seeds was correlated with enhanced levels of bcarotene (4-fold, 2.37 lg/g) as well as total carotenoid (2.9-fold, 3.50 lg/g) relative to PAC seeds, suggesting a bbranch preference for the stPAC gene. As a result, the codon optimization of the transgene might be an effective tool in genetic engineering for crop improvement as proven at the enhanced levels of translation and carotenoid production.

편도 및 아데노이드 절제술 후 발생한 그리즐 증후군 1예

정예솔,허윤,원준연,이우현 대한이비인후과학회 2022 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.65 No.11

Grisel’s syndrome is a non-traumatic atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation for which the underlyingmechanism has not yet been identified. It is known to occur following upper respiratoryinfections, tonsillitis, ear, nose, and throat (ENT) surgeries such as tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. The diagnosis of Grisel’s syndrome can be made by plain x-ray, CT scanning, and/orMRI scanning. The first choice of treatment is conservative therapy such as bed rest, musclerelaxation, analgesic therapy, antibiotics, and simple traction. While Grisel’s syndrome occursrarely, delayed treatment may lead to neurological complications or requires surgical treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment are important in preventing fatal outcome. We report the caseof a 9-year-old male who developed Grisel’s syndrome after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

성대주입술 후 호흡곤란을 호소한 환자 1예

정예솔,김신우,유윤종,진영주 대한이비인후과학회 부산,울산,경남 지부회 2023 임상이비인후과 Vol.34 No.4

Glottic insufficiency is commonly observed in patients with vocal cord paralysis, vocal cord paresis, and vocal cord atrophy, and it can cause symptoms such as hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, and aspiration. Injection laryngoplasty is the most convenient and minimally invasive treatment option for glottal insufficiency. Although the use of antiplatelet or anticoagulant medications is not an absolute contraindication for injection laryngoplasty, bleeding or hematoma formation of the upper airway can cause an urgent fatal airway obstruction. We present a case of hematoma after a vocal fold injection in a patient taking a low dose of aspirin.

대학생의 불안정 성인애착과 이성 관계만족도의 관계: 인지적 공감과 정서적 공감의 매개효과

정예솔(Jeong, Ye-Sol),홍지영(Hong, Ji-Young) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2019 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.19 No.10

본 연구는 대학생의 불안정 성인애착(불안애착, 회피애착)과 이성 관계만족도의 관계에서 인지적 공감과 정서적 공감의 매개효과를 확인할 수 있는 인과적 구조모형을 설정하고, 모형의 적합도와 변수들의 영향력을 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 전 라남북도 지역의 소재한 대학에 재학 중인 남녀 학생 362명을 대상으로 2017년 12월부터 2018년 2월까지 설문을 실시하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 불안정 성인애착(불안애착, 회피애착)과 이성 관계만족도의 관계에서 인지적 공감의 매개효과가 유의하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 불안애착과 이성 관계만족도의 관계에서 정서적 공감의 매개효과는 유의하지 않았고, 회피애착과 이성 관계만족도의 관계에서 정서적 공감의 매개효과는 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 불안애착과 이성 관계만족도의 관계에서 인지적 공감과 정서적 공감이 순차적으로 부분 매개하는 것으로 나타났으며 회피애착과 이성 관계만족도의 관계에서 인지적 공감과 정서적 공감이 순차적으로 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 끝으로 연구결과를 바탕으로 시사점과 후속연구를 위한 제언을 하였다. This study established a causal structural model to verify the mediating effects of cognitive empathy and emotional empathy in the relationship between unstable adult attachment (insecure and avoidant) and satisfaction for relationships with the opposite gender in university students. This study also examined the fitness of the model and the power index of variables. An analysis was conducted on data pertaining to 362 students from 5 universities and the relationship between variables was verified. The results of the study are as follows. First, cognitive empathy did not have a significant mediating effect in the relationship between insecure adult attachment and satisfaction for relationships with the opposite gender. Second, emotional empathy also did not have a significant mediating effect in the relationship between insecure adult attachment and satisfaction for relationships with the opposite gender. However, emotional empathy had a complete mediating effect in the relationship between avoidant attachment and satisfaction for relationships with the opposite gender. Third, cognitive empathy and emotional empathy had a partial sequential medium effect in the relationship between insecure attachment and satisfaction for relationships with the opposite gender, and a complete sequential mediating effect in the relationship between avoidant attachment and satisfaction for relationships with the opposite gender. Based on these results, the conclusion of the study presents implications and suggestions for future research.

배추 trehalose 합성 유전자와 연관된 DNA 마커 개발

정예솔(Yesol Jeong Yong),임용표(Yong Pyo Lim),허윤강(Yoonkang Hur),정상민(Sang-Min Chung) 한국생명과학회 2009 생명과학회지 Vol.19 No.5

배추는 재배 온도에 따라 수확량과 품질에 많은 영향을 받을 수 있다. 고온 스트레스 저항성 배추품종 육성을 위해 본 연구는 스트레스 저항성에 관련이 있다고 알려진 trehalose 유전자 관련 다형성 마커를 개발하였다. 아라비돕시스 trehalose 합성 유전자와 유사한 총 28개의 배추 EST를 NCBI database에서 찾고 고온에 상대적으로 약한 지부품종과 고온에 잘 견디는 품종인 권심을 대상으로 다형성을 조사하였다. 이 중 10개의 EST에서 insertion/deletion 또는 single nucleotide polymorphism을 발견하여 이를 바탕으로 쉽게 이용이 가능한 10개의 다형성 PCR 마커를 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 trehalose 분자마커는 앞으로 배추 작물에서 환경 스트레스 저항성과 유전적 연관성을 확인하는데 이용될 수 있고 MAS를 이용한 품종육성에 이용될 수 있다고 기대된다. High temperature stress might affect the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage. In order to develop cultivars resistant to high temperature stress, we developed polymorphic DNA markers for trehalose synthesis genes related to abiotic stress resistance. A total of 28 Brassica rapa ESTs homologous to trehalose synthesis genes of Arabidopsis were found from the NCBI database. The polymorphic DNA sequences were searched between Chinese cabbages - Chiifu, which is relatively susceptible to high temperature stress, and Kenshin, which is tolerant to high temperature stress. Among the 28 ESTs, we found 10 ESTs that have either insertion/deletion and/or single nucleotide polymorphism between the two cultivars. Those polymorphic sites were then targeted for the development of 10 PCR based markers. These molecular markers related to trehalose genes could be used not only to test their relationship with abiotic stress resistance in Chinese cabbage, but also the development of abiotic stress resistant cultivars using MAS.

배추 alternative oxidase 합성 유전자와 연관된 분자마커 개발

Ye Sol Jeong(정예솔),Sang-Min Chung(정상민) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.2

작물의 수량과 품질은 저온 및 고온 스트레스에 영향을 받는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 배추에서의 스트레스 저항성과 연관된 분자마커를 개발하기 위하여 저온에서의 스트레스 저항성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있는 alternative oxidase (AOX) 합성 유전자 관련 분자 마커를 개발하였다. 총 15개의 AOX 합성 유전자와 관련된 Brassica rapa ESTs를 arabidopsis AOX 합성 유전자 염기서열을 이용하여 찾을 수 있었다. 이를 이용하여 고온에서 상대적으로 약한 ‘지부’품종과 상대적으로 강한 ‘권심’ 사이에서 DNA 염기서열을 조사하여 4개의 ESTs에서 insertion 또는 deletion을 찾았고 PCR로 확인 가능한 4개의 공동우성 마커를 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 분자마커는 배추 작물에서 환경스트레스 저항성과 유전적 연관성을 확인하는데 유용하게 사용될 수 있다고 기대된다. The low and high temperature stress might affect the yield and quality of many crop species. Alternative oxidase (AOX) gene is known as factors related to stress resistance in plants. In order to develop molecular markers related to stress resistance in Chinese cabbage, fifteen ESTs sharing sequence similarity to arabidopsis AOX genes were found using Brassica rapa EST database from NCBI. The polymorphic DNA sequences using the ESTs were then screened between Chinese cabbage, ‘Chiifu’ and ‘Kenshin’. We found four ESTs that have either insertion or deletion between the two cultivars. These polymorphic sites were then targeted for development of the four PCR based molecular markers. These molecular markers developed in this study could be useful for a test of their relationship with abiotic stress resistance in Chinese cabbage.

프레임분석을 통해서 본 탐라해상풍력 사례

강우솔(Woosol Kang),임현경(Hyunkyung Lim),정예지(Yeji Jung) 한국환경정책학회 2022 한국환경정책학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.9