Sinapic acid의 인간각질형성세포에서 UVB의 손상에 대한 항산화 및 항염증 효과

임계화,구정은,이승자,류지영,배승희,김영삼 한국피부과학연구원 2017 아시안뷰티화장품학술지 Vol.15 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to explore the possibility of using sinapic acid as a skin anti-aging cosmetic by demonstrating its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in keratinocytes damaged by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Methods: The effects of sinapic acid against oxidative stress were examined in a UVB-induced aging model of human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. The water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) assay was employed to examine protective effects against UVB. Changes in the concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by UVB were measured using 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA). Expression of genes associated with anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were confirmed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: Sinapic acid protected cells from UVB-induced cytotoxicity and reduced ROS produced by UVB irradiation. Expression of genes associated with antioxidant effects including, superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO1), increased and lipid peroxidation decreased in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), interleukin 6 (IL6), and interleukin 8 (IL8) genes, which are associated with inflammation, also decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: These results suggest that sinapic acid has potential as an anti-aging cosmetic ingredient with anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory properties against UVB irradiation. 목적: 본 연구는 인간각질형성세포(HaCaT)에서 자외선(UV) 손상에 대한 항산화 및 항염증 효과를 확인하여 피부노화 예방 화장품 소재로서 sinapic acid의 가능성을 확인하고자 한다. 방법: Sinapic acid를 농도별로 HaCaT에 처리 후 UVB로 산화적 스트레스를 유도하였다. UVB에 대한 sinapic acid의 세포보호효과를 확인하기 위하여 water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1)를 이용하였으 며, UVB에 의하여 생성된 활성산소종(reactive oxygen species, ROS)의 농도변화는 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA)를 사용하여 측정하였다. 항산화 및 염증과 관련된 유전자 발현은 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)을 통해 확인하였다. 결과: Sinapic acid는 UVB에 의한 세포독성으로부터 세포를 보호하고, ROS의 생성을 감소시킨다. 항산화와 관련한 유전자인 superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1), nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (NRF2) 및 heme oxygenase 1 (HO1)의 발현을 증가하게 하였고, 지질 과산화는 농도 의존적으로 감소하였다. 또한, 염증과 관련이 있는 cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), interleukin 6 (IL6)와 interleukin 8 (IL8)의 유전자 발현은 농도 의존적으로 감소하였다. 결론: 본 연구를 통하여 sinapic acid가 UVB에 대하여 항산화 및 항염증의 효과가 있음을 확인하였으며 이는 노화예방 화장품 성분 으로서의 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다.

불규칙저주파를 이용한 주름개선효과

임계화,김기연,이종민,류지영,안인숙 한국피부과학연구원 2009 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.7 No.2

본 연구는 불규칙저주파기기의 안면 주름 개선에 미치는 효과를 살펴보기 위하여 시행되었다. 연구대상은 37세에서 55세까지의 주름이 형성되기 시작하거나 이미 형성되어 있는 여성 14명을 대상으로 2007년 9월 17일부터 10월 28일 까지 6주간 걸쳐 실험하였다. 불규칙 저주파 기기를 이용하여 주3회 시행하였고, 세안 후 hydrogel을 눈가에 도포하고 기기관리 15분, 핸드마사지 5분으로 총 관리시간은 25분 동안 행하였다. 피험자들의 눈꼬리에서 관리 전, 3주시점, 6주시점에서 레프리카를 제작하여 Visiometer SV600을 통하여 R1, R2, R3, R4, R5값을 측정하였다. 또한 3주시점, 6주시점 마다 실험 결과에 대한 피부 개선 효능 평가로 피험자의 주관적 평가를 설문에 의해 평가하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. Visiometer를 이용한 기기평가는 3주시점에서는 관리전의 R값과 비교하였을 때 R3값을 제외하고는 모두 통계적으로 유의하지 않았으나 6주시점에서는 모든 R값에서 통계적으로 유의하게 감소되었다. 피부 개선 효능은 피험자들의 대부분이 긍정적인 평가를 하였고 피험자들의 주관적 평가를 통하여 피험자 누구도 부작용의 경험은 없었다는 것을 얻을 수 있었다. 본 연구는 결론적으로 불규칙 저주파를 사용한 안면 주름 개선은 효과적인 영향을 미친다는 결과를 얻었다. 현대의 피부미용관리에서는 미용기기를 함께 사용하는 것이 필수적으로 되었다. 따라서 피부관리를 위해 사용되는 전기자극기기의 효과에 대한 정량화를 통한 연구가 계속되어야 할 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to explore the effect of irregular low frequency therapeutic instrument in the improvement of face wrinkles. It carried out the experiment from September 17th through October 28th 2007, taking 14 women aged 37 to 55 who have wrinkles started to form or already formed wrinkles. The experiment was performed by irregular low frequency therapeutic instrument over 3 times per week. In the evaluation on instrument by Visiometer, there was not statistical meaningful difference in all the R value at the time of 3week from management excluding R3 value when comparing them with each R value of before-management, but all the R value showed statical meaningful decrease of wrinkles at the time of 6 weeks. As for the efficacy of skin improvement, most of subjects evaluated positively and no one of subjects experienced side effects of the instrument according to their subjective evaluation. Consequently this study presented the result that it is effective to manage face wrinkles using irregular low frequency therapeutic instrument. It became necessary to use beauty instrument in modern skin and beauty management. Thus it is considered that it is important to continue to study the effect of electric stimulation instrument used for skin management by qualification on it.

녹차의 에피갈로카테킨 갈레이트(EGCG) 활성기전이 신체 내·외적으로 미치는 영향에 대한 고찰

임계화,전세은,최미나 대한피부미용학회 2015 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.13 No.6

Epigallocatechin Gallte (EGCG) is studied as a functional material for cosmetics, foods and medications due to the various bioactive feature as a major constituent of catechins containing lots of green tea polyphenols. EGCG has a unique phenolic structure, and its structure is largely involved by the number of hydroxyl. Especially the antioxidant activity is shown since the OH radical and gallate are engaged. Also, it reduces manifestation of matrix metallo proteinases, and restrains mitogen activated protein kinase’s extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2, c-Jun N-terminal hinase and p38, which are activated by ultraviolet (UV)B on mouse skin. It restrains activation of tyrosinase by UV rays, and growth of cancer cells by affection of G1 regulatory enzyme of cell cycle such as cyclin-dependent kinases. It is only restrains proliferation of P. acnes while treating EGCG, but also shows the effectiveness of reduction on manifestation and production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor-a, which are cytokines related to inflammation. In addition, it helps breaking down of body fat, detoxification function on heavy metals, antidiabetic effect, stimulating hair growth and preventing periodontitis. Now, we are going to study on the major physiological function of this EGCG.

실존주의 철학에서 본 한국교육

임계화 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교육학과 1971 교육 연구 Vol.- No.37

Prunin의 자외선 B에 의해 손상된 인간 각질형성세포 (HaCaT)에 대한 광노화 억제 효과

류지영,이승자,임계화,최영은,한효선,양현옥,나은주 한국피부과학연구원 2019 아시안뷰티화장품학술지 Vol.17 No.1

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of prunin on photoaging in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) damaged by UVB radiation, so as to find out whether prunin can be used as an effective anti-aging ingredient in cosmetic products. Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to identify the increased expression of MMP1 mRNA and decreased expression of COL1A1 mRNA due to UVB, and luciferase reporter assay was used to determine whether the change in MMP1 mRNA is related to AP-1 transcriptional activity. Furthermore, ELISA analysis was used to determine the change in type I procollagen production. Results: Prunin protected cells from UVB-induced cytotoxicity, and the increased expression of MMP1 mRNA due to oxidative stress in UVB-damaged HaCaT decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. AP-1 transcriptional activity also decreased in a concentration-dependent manner. The expression of Type I procollagen and COL1A1 mRNA increased in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: This study found that prunin has an inhibitory efficacy on photoaging due to UV radiation, which is a leading cause of oxidative stress. Thus prunin can be used as an effective cosmetic raw material for inhibiting photoaging. However, it will be necessary to conduct experiments on the human body to find a practical way of applying prunin as a cosmetic raw material for the skin. 목적: 본 연구는 UVB로 인해 손상된 인간 각질형성세포(HaCaT)에 대한 prunin의 광노화에 효과가 있는지를 확인하여 노화에 효과적인 화장품 소재로서 활용 가능성을 알아보기 위함이다. 방법: Prunin의 UVB에 의한 증가된 MMP1 mRNA 발현과 UVB에 의해 감소된 COL1A1 mRNA의 발현은 quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)을 통해 확인하였고, luciferase reporter assay를 통해 MMP1 mRNA의 변화가 AP-1 전사 활성과 관련이 되어 있는지 분석하였다. 또한 ELISA 분석으로 type I procollagen의 생성량 변화를 확인하였다. 결과: Prunin은 UVB에 의한 세포독성으로부터 세포를 보호하고, UVB로 손상된 인간 각질형성세포(HaCaT)에서 산화 스트레스에 의해 증가된 MMP1 mRNA의 발현이 농도의존적으로 감소하였다. AP-1 전사활성 또한 농도의존적으로 감소하였다. Type I procollagen과 COL1A1 mRNA 발현이 농도의존적 증가하였다. 결론: 본 연구를 통하여 prunin이 산화 스트레스의 대표가 되는 자외선에 인한 노화 억제 효능이 확인되었으며 이는 광노화에 효과적인 화장품 원료로서 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 하지만 현실적으로 화장품 원료로 피부에 사용하기 위해서는 추후 인체를 대상으로 한 실험이 필요할 것이라 사료된다.

스마트앱어워드 정보서비스부문_취업정보분야 최우수상 : 아르바이트 구직자를 위한 최적의 앱! -알바몬앱

정현정(팀장),임계화(대리) (사)한국인터넷전문가협회 2016 스마트앱 연감 Vol.2016 No.-

고주파 관리와 초음파 관리가 피부 색소침착과 주름에 미치는 영향

최현경,최태부,임미혜,류지영,임계화 한국피부과학연구원 2008 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.6 No.3

In this study we carried out the experiment with 14 women in their thirties and forties who are in the process of aging over four weeks by two times a week in order to observe the effect of high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy in skin's pigmentation and wrinkle treatment. We applied high frequency therapy at the frequency of 0.3MHz, 60W/㎠ and ultrasound therapy at the frequency of 1MHz, 3W/㎠ for about 15 minutes respectively, and got the result like following. Both high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy got the improvement of pigmentation on face compared to before use but the effect of high frequency therapy was a bit higher than ultrasound therapy. In the aspect of the effect of wrinkle treatment, high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy showed similar result but high frequency therapy was a little more effective. It is considered that pigmentation and wrinkles were treated as cells are revitalized by the heat treatment, heat action, chemical action and physiological effect. Consequently high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy influenced positive affect on the treatment of pigmentation and wrinkles in the experiment of this study and it is expected that more clinical studies will be conducted with proper use of beauty instrument as people show interests on skin care. In this study we carried out the experiment with 14 women in their thirties and forties who are in the process of aging over four weeks by two times a week in order to observe the effect of high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy in skin's pigmentation and wrinkle treatment. We applied high frequency therapy at the frequency of 0.3MHz, 60W/㎠ and ultrasound therapy at the frequency of 1MHz, 3W/㎠ for about 15 minutes respectively, and got the result like following. Both high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy got the improvement of pigmentation on face compared to before use but the effect of high frequency therapy was a bit higher than ultrasound therapy. In the aspect of the effect of wrinkle treatment, high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy showed similar result but high frequency therapy was a little more effective. It is considered that pigmentation and wrinkles were treated as cells are revitalized by the heat treatment, heat action, chemical action and physiological effect. Consequently high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy influenced positive affect on the treatment of pigmentation and wrinkles in the experiment of this study and it is expected that more clinical studies will be conducted with proper use of beauty instrument as people show interests on skin care.