주방용품(냄비)에서의 유해중금속 용출에 관한 연구

최영은,최영은,박가희,최은진,조아라,김영수,장봉기,이종화 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2014 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.20 No.1

We examined the extraction rate of heavy metals from kitchen utensils. The contents of As, Cd, Cr, Ni and Pb were measured by ICP(inductively coupled plasma, Shimadzu). The extraction rate of heavy metals from utensils made by stainless steel was higher than that from utensils made by aluminium. The extraction rate of heavy metals under acidic condition was higher in both of utensils made by stainless steel and aluminium. The contents of heavy metals extracted from utensils were below the limit values of heavy metals from industrial products.

단독주택지 유형별 내부도로 주차실태에 관한 연구 : 대구광역시 사례를 중심으로 Case Study of Taegu

최영은,홍원화,하재명 대한건축학회 1999 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.15 No.9

The purpose of this study is to show the parking situation on the streets of residential areas. The study was proceeded through three steps. First, a documentary study on streets types in the residential areas was performed. Secondly, inhabitants' cognition of the parking situation was surveyed through questionnaires and on-street parking patterns were researched on residential streets. Finally, the obtained data were analysed on parking situation. The results are as follows. (1) types of residential streets to the surveyed high-income residential area are seen as linear, linear and short-blind-edge in the surveyed middle-income residential area, linear and long-blind-edge in the surveyed low- income residential areas; (2) characteristics of residential streets show that high-income residential area has a passing through function, low-income residential area is usually used as community space, (3) parking situation on the residential street is influenced by the use of buildings adjacent to the road.

사회 경제적 지위에 따른학령 전기 아동의 실행 기능 발달

최영은,최미혜,남민지 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 2013 한국심리학회지 발달 Vol.26 No.4

Research shows that children’s abilities to inhibit thoughts and behaviors predict academic and social successes later in life. In addition, a child’s socioeconomic status (SES) is known to predict inhibitory control and general executive functions. However, careful examination of the literature revealed that several studies reporting these findings had the following limitations: (1) they were conducted in North and South America where the factor of race was not sufficiently controlled, (2) they focused on children in schooling years, and (3) they relied on comparing arbitrary groups divided by various SES criteria. The present study tested 78 Korean preschoolers aged 3–6 to examine the unique effects of SES on the development of inhibitory control in early childhood by controlling factors of age and verbal abilities. The results indicate that maternal education, measured in the total number of schooling years, uniquely predicted inhibitory control of Korean preschoolers. This corroborated previous findings, further suggesting that parental education is critical to the development of executive functions in early childhood regardless of race, age, and verbal abilities. 최근 실행 기능의 하위 요소인 억제 능력과 인지적 유연성은 일반 지능보다 학업 성취도나 사회적 성공을 잘 예측하는 지표로 대두되고 있다. 이러한 실행 기능 발달에 사회경제적 지위가 관여할 수 있는 가능성이 보고되어 취약계층 아동에게 발달 초기에 지원해야 할 중요한 요소라는 점도 부각되고 있다. 그러나 사회경제적 지위와 실행 기능 발달 간의 관계 연구들을 살펴보면 (1) 주로 북미와 남미에서 이루어져 사회경제적 지위에 인종 요인이 혼합되어 있으며, (2) 대상이 주로 학령전기 후반에서 학령기 아동을 중심으로 국한되어 있고, (3) 상이한 기준으로 아동을 상위/하위 SES집단으로 나누어 비교한 연구들이 주를 이루어 발달 초기에 인종이나 다른 잠재적 공변 요인들(특히, 연령이나 어휘력 등)을 통제한 상태에서 사회경제적 요소가 미치는 영향력에 대한 체계적 검토는 부족하였다. 본 연구에서는 만 3-6세 한국의 아동 78명을 대상으로 하여 사회경제적 지위가 인종, 연령이나 어휘력 등을 넘어 학령 전기 아동의 실행 기능 발달에 고유한 영향력을 끼치는지, 끼친다면 어떤 사회경제적 지표가 관련있는 지를 밝히고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 연소득에 비해 부모의 교육 연수는 아동의 연령, 어휘력을 통제하여도 유의하게 억제 능력의 발달을 예측하는 것으로 나타나 부모의 교육 수준은 학령기 이전부터 실행 기능 발달에 관여하고 있음을 시사하였다.

한반도 기후변화 대응 정책 수립과 기후 감시·예측 및 적응에 필요한 과학정보 활용 전략에 관한 연구

최영은,권원태,윤원태,정해정,김경하,박인홍,이한수,편도의,권재일 건국대학교 기후연구소 2014 기후연구 Vol.9 No.1

Climate change is not only abnormal condition of climate systems but also the perplexities of socio-economic system including agriculture, ocean, energy supply plans and ecosystem. As the frequency and magnitude of the extreme weather related natural disasters are increasing, the losses of lives and economic damages are getting huge. For the adequate response of climate change, more comprehensive reviews of research results about observation, projection and monitoring of climate change are essential. The purpose of this study is to frame, to structure and to prepare writing strategies the 2nd Korea Climate Change Assessment Report(the Physical Science Basis). ‘Korea Climate Change Assessment Report 2010’ was prepared using 1,003 references by 46 climate change scientists with seven chapters and 328 pages. Ten chapters and more detailed sections for the 2nd Korea Climate Change Assessment Report have been suggested based on IPCC 5th Climate Change Assessment Report. Chapters cannot be changed while sections can be combined, deleted, and altered with admissions from consultation committees. Committees consist of climate change experts from government organization, universities and institution.

증거성표지의 이해, 산출과 마음이론발달의 관련성 연구

최영은,장나영,이화인 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 2011 한국심리학회지 발달 Vol.24 No.1

The present study examined three to six-year-old Korean-learning children's production and comprehension of evidentials (esp., indirect inference and hearsay markers), and whether the development of Theory of Mind(ToM) contributes to the development of evidential understanding and use. The production of hearsay marker(-tay) became reliable after four years of age and yet, development of comprehension of this marker was delayed until 6 years. Indirect inference marker, -kes kata, by comparison, begin to develop rapidly after 5 years of age in both production and comprehension. Development of ToM showed positive correlations with evidential comprehension and production(in particular, production of indirect inference). However, its unique contribution to evidential development was difficult to tease apart due to its high correlation with age. 한국어 습득 3-6세 아동을 대상으로 정보의 출처를 문법적으로 표시하는 증거성표지 중 타인의 보고를 표시하는 ‘-대’와 간접 추론을 표시하는 ‘-것 같다’의 산출과 이해의 발달 정도를 실험적으로 고찰하고, 증거성표지의 산출과 이해에 마음이론의 발달이 영향을 미치는지 살펴보았다. 산출의 경우, ‘대’의 산출은 4세 이후부터 안정적으로 산출되었으나 ‘대’의 이해 발달은 5-6세에 이르러도 아직 성숙하지 않은 것으로 보였다. 간접 추론을 표시하는 ‘것 같다’의 산출은 5세 이후부터 이해와 더불어 급격히 발달되는 경향을 보였다. 마음이론의 수행 수준은 증거성표지 이해 및 산출과 유의한 정적 상관을 보여 증거성표지 습득에 영향력을 미칠 수 있음을 발견하였으나 연령과의 높은 상관으로 마음이론이 연령증가 이외에 증거성표지 이해와 산출에 미치는 고유한 영향력을 밝히지는 못하였다.

문장처리 발달 양상의 보편성 검토

최영은 한국인지및생물심리학회 2011 한국심리학회지 인지 및 생물 Vol.23 No.1

The present study examined the development of sentence processing by investigating 4-5-year-old Korean-learning children's and Korean-speaking adults' online and offline parsing pattern of sentences comparable to those used in previous English studies, using visual-world eye tracking paradigm. The results showed that unlike adults, Korean children were more likely to consider a post-positional phrase as a verb goal argument than a noun modifier, making interpretation errors similar to those observed in English-learning children. This was interesting given that verbs appear at the end of sentences in Korean, opposite of English sentences, ruling out the possibility that the interpretation errors observed among English children were due to children' dependency on verb information. The current results suggest that the development of language processing may follow a universal path, independent of the input language characteristics. 비록 구문분석 원리들에 대한 이론적인 합의는 도출되지 않았으나, 다양한 언어권에서 문장처리방식에 대한 연구 결과들은 성인들의 문장처리방식이 대체로 보편적 양상을 지니고 있음을 제시하고 있다. 본 연구는 성숙한 문장처리 능력을 발달시키는 과정에서 아동들이 습득 대상 언어와 무관한 보편적 발달 궤도를 보이는 지, 발달 초기에는 습득 대상 언어에 최적화된 언어-특수적 처리 양상을 보이다가 언어-보편적 양상으로 이동하는지를 검토하고자 하였다. 5세의 영어 습득 아동들이 성인에게서 볼 수 없는 독특한 문장 해석 오류를 보인 문장에 대응되는 한국어 문장을 4-5세의 한국어 습득 아동과 성인에게 제시하고 문장의 의미를 주어진 사물로 시연하도록 하였다. 그리고 문장을 듣는 동안 제시한 관련, 비관련물체들을 응시하는 비율을 측정하여 실시간 문장 해석 패턴도 관찰하였다. 실험결과, 4-5세 한국어 습득 아동이 성인과 다른 문장 해석 오류를 보였는데, 오류의 양상이 영어습득 아동들과 유사하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 문장처리 발달 과정의 보편성에 대해 논의하였다.

산림경관천이모델(LANDIS-II)를 이용한 기후변화 시나리오에 따른 산림의 생물량 장기변화 추정 연구 -충청북도 영동군 학산면 봉소리 일대 산림을 중심으로-

최영은,최재용,김휘문,김성열,송원경 한국환경복원기술학회 2019 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.22 No.5

This study applied the LANDIS-II model to the forest vegetation of the study area in Yeongdong-gun, Korea to identify climate effects on ecosystems of forest vegetation. The main pur- pose of the study is to examine the long-term changes in forest aboveground biomass(AGB) under three different climate change scenarios; The baseline climate scenario is to maintain the current cli- mate condition; the RCP 4.5 scenario is a stabilization scenario to employ of technologies and strat- egies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions; the RCP 8.5 scenario is increasing greenhouse gas emis- sions over time representative with 936ppm of CO 2 concentration by 2100. The vegetation survey and tree-ring analysis were conducted to work out the initial vegetation maps and data for operation of the LANDIS model. Six types of forest vegetation communities were found including Quercus mongolica - Pinus densiflora community, Quercus mongolica community, Pinus densiflora community, Quercus variabilis-Quercus acutissima community, Larix leptolepis afforestation and Pinus koraiensis afforestation. As for changes in total AGB under three climate change scenarios, it was found that RCP 4.5 scenario featured the highest rate of increase in AGB whereas RCP 8.5 scenario yielded the lowest rate of increase. These results suggest that moderately elevated temperatures and CO 2 concen- trations helped the biomass flourish as photosynthesis and water use efficiency increased, but huge in- crease in temperature (above+4.0°C) has resulted in the increased respiration with increasing temperature. Consequently, Species productivity(Biomass) of trees decrease as the temperature is ele- vated drastically. It has been confirmed that the dominant species in all scenarios was Quercus mongolica. Like the trends shown in the changes of total AGB, it revealed the biggest increase in the AGB of Quercus mongolica under the RCP 4.5 scenario. AGB of Quercus mongolica and Quercus variabilis decreased in the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios after 2050 but have much higher growth rates of the AGB starting from 2050 under the baseline scenario. Under all scenarios, the AGB of coniferous species was eventually perished in 2100. In particular they were extinguished in early stages of the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. This is because of natural selection of communities by succes- sions and the failure to adapt to climate change. The results of the study could be expected to be effec- tively utilized to predict changes of the forest ecosystems due to climate change and to be used as basic data for establishing strategies for adaptation climate changes and the management plans for for- est vegetation restoration in ecological restoration fields.

휠체어 앉은 자세에 따른 압력중심과 폐활량의 변화

최영은,고태성 대한치료과학회 2011 대한치료과학회지 Vol.3 No.1

Objective: Learning the effects of wheelchair posture on center of pressure and lung capacity. Method: Participants were 45 healthy adults. Center of pressure, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC were measured. Results: FVC and FEV1 were significantly decreased in the order of short lordosis posture, normal posture, and slumped posture. Conclusion: Lung capacity reduced the most with slumped posture, and center of pressure was located towards the back. When educating about wheelchair posture, it will be effective to inform patients about keeping a normal posture or short lordosis posture using lumbar support.

미세다륜침(MTS)이 중년여성의 안면 피부상태에 미치는 영향

최영은,안홍석 한국피부과학연구원 2012 대한피부미용학회지 Vol.10 No.3

The aim of this study was to prove the effect of Microneedle Therapy System (MTS) to improve the facial skin condition of mid-aged women. MTS is the abbreviation of Microneedle Therapy System and has a roller with two hundred microneedle. It induces the natural regeneration of collagen by making the artificial wounds by microneedle roller. In esthetic salons, HF (High Frequency) treatment has been mainly applied to skin care. Recently, MTS has been arising as a new treatment for them. Therefore, this study compared the effect of HF and MTS. The values of sebum level, moisture, size of pores, and aging by using skin diagnosis system (aphrodite-Ⅲ) were gained. They were measured before the experiment and after eight weeks. This is to see continuity. The experimental group treated by MTS was effective in all of significant experimental variables more than the comparison group treated by HF. For the evaluation of satisfaction, most of objects who has MTS treatment answered that they were very satisfied or just satisfied with the improvement of skin condition. Conclusively, this study proved that MTS treatment was effective to mid-aged women’s skin condition.

한국어 복합 동사 습득 기제 연구

최영은 한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 2010 한국심리학회지 발달 Vol.23 No.3

Serial verb constructions (SVC) contain more than two verbs in the same clause. Korean SVCs that particularly express motion events show a distributional regularity. Within SVC, manner verbs precede path verbs, and only rarely can path verbs appear before manner verbs. The present study examined whether 5-year-old Korean learners can detect this regularity and utilize such cues in inferring the verb meanings of SVC. In a dialogue, participants first heard a novel verb either appearing in the manner position or the path position, and then were presented with an event that showed a novel manner and a novel path event combined. Then, the manner and path events appeared separately, and participants were asked to choose the meaning of the novel verb between the two events while their eye-gazes were recorded. Pointing and eye-gaze responses showed some sensitivity to verb's positional regularity within SVC and it's related meaning. 한국어 복합 동사 중 동작을 표현하는 동작 동사들은 동작의 방식(예, 뛰다) 다음에 동작의 경로를(예, 넘다) 기술하는 방식 동사-경로 동사 의미 분포의 배열 규칙성을 보인다. 본 연구는 두 개의 동사가 복합된 구조를 이루고 있고 주어와 목적어 등을 공유하여 각 동사에 대한 의미를 추출하기 어려운 복합 동사의 의미 습득에 이러한 배열 분포 규칙성이 활용될 수 있는지 검토하였다. 성인과 5세의 아동들에게 새로운 동사(예, 무삐다)를 복합 동사의 방식 동사의 위치나 경로 동사의 위치에 제시하고 주어진 두 개의 새로운 방식 동작과 경로 동작 중에서 새로운 동사의 의미에 해당되는 것을 고르도록 하여 동사의 순서적 위치에 따라 동사의 의미를 다르게 추출해 낼 수 있는 지를 살펴보았다. 선택 반응에서 성인과 아동 모두 방식 동사 위치에 제시된 경우의 수행이 경로 동사 위치에 제시되었을 때보다 높았다. 아동들은 선택 반응과 함께 응시 반응도 측정하였는데, 응시 반응 결과는 아동들이 동작의 유형과 동사 위치에 따라 다른 반응 경향을 보여 아동들이 적어도 암묵적으로 복합 동사의 배열 정보를 동사 의미 습득에 활용할 수 있음을 시사하였다.