방풍통성산(防風通聖散)이 L-NAME 유발 및 SHR 흰쥐의 고혈압에 미치는 영향

이영화,김경철,이용태,Lee, Young-Hwa,Kim, Kyung-Chul,Lee, Yong-Tae 대한동의생리학회 1999 동의생리학회지 Vol.14 No.2

In order to get the effect of Bangpoongtongsungsan (BPS) water extract on the blood pressure of every 5 group of rats (in normal state of after 3 hours of unanesthetized) was measured and following results were obtained. 1. BPS intraperitoneal injection was not recognized as having the effect of decreasing blood pressure compared with Control on hypertension induced by L-NAME in young rats. 2. BPS oral administration was recognized as having the effect of decreasing blood pressure compared with Control on hypertension induced by L-NAME in young rats. 3. BPS oral administration was recognized as having the effect of decreasing blood pressure compared with Control on hypertension induced by L-NAME's continual injection and BPS continual oral administration in young rats. 4. BPS oral administration was recognized as having the effect of decreasing blood pressure compared with Control on hypertension induced by L-NAME's in adult rats. 5. BPS oral administration was not recognized as having the effect of decreasing blood pressure compared with Control on spontaneous hypertension rats. According to the above results. it is known that BPS extract oral administration decreased the blood pressure of hypertension induced by and more effective to the youth.

유채 꽃가루 분말을 이용한 효모 배양배지 제조

이영화,김광수,장영석,최인후,이경보,Lee, Yong-Hwa,Kim, Kwang-Soo,Jang, Young-Seok,Choi, In-Hu,Lee, Kyeong-Bo 한국응용과학기술학회 2015 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.32 No.1

본 연구는 유채 꽃가루 분말의 영양성분 분석과 파쇄한 꽃가루 분말을 이용하여 효모 배양용 액체배지와 고체배지를 제조하여 효모 배양효율을 분석하였다. 유채 꽃가루 분말(100 g)은 탄수화물 58.9 g, 단백질 20.8 g, 지방 4.1 g, 회분 2.5 g 및 수분 13.7 g으로 구성되었다. 당질 중에서는 Fructose(13.7 g), Glucose(11.1 g)와 Sucrose(6.6 g), 미네랄 중에서는 K(606.7 mg)와 P(603.3 mg) 함향이 높았다. 유리 아미노산은 Glutamic acid(2,482.4 mg), Aspartic acid(2,136.5 mg), Lysine(1,648.3 mg), 및 Leucine(1,631.1 mg) 순으로 많았다. 유채 꽃가루 분말을 단독 또는 NaCl을 첨가하여 액체배지 및 고체배지 제조하고 효모를 배양한 결과, 꽃가루 분말이 15 g/L 이상 함유된 액체배지는 효모 배양 후 건물중이 YPD 배지(대조구)에 비해 많았고, 꽃가루 분말의 농도 의존적으로 효모 건물중이 증가하였다. 또한 액체배지에 NaCl을 1~20 g/L 추가 시 배양된 효모의 건물중이 한층 더 증가하였다. 유채 꽃가루로 제조한 고체배지를 이용하여 효모를 배양(48시간)한 결과, 콜로니(colonies) YPD 배지와 유사하게 잘 자랐다. The aim of this study was to analyze nutritional compositions of rapeseed pollen granules and to determine the possible usage of pollen granules as a yeast culture medium. Rapeseed pollen granules (per 100 g) were consisted of carbohydrate 58.9 g, protein 20.8 g, fat 4.1 g, ash 2.5 g and water 13.7 g. And fructose (13.7 g), glucose (11.1 g), and sucrose (6.6 g) of sugars and K (606.7 mg) and P (603.3 mg) of minerals were highly contained. In addition, free amino acids such as glutamic acid (2,482.4 mg), aspartic acid (2,136.5 mg), lysine (1,648.3 mg), and leucine (1,631.1 mg) were present at a higher level. When liquid medium, which was made from cracked pollen granules (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 40 g/L), was tested for yeast culture, liquid medium containing pollen granules over 15 g/L showed higher yeast growth than YPD medium (control). Liquid medium containing both cracked pollen granules (15 g/L) and NaCl (1 ~ 20 g/L) improved yeast growth than the liquid medium without NaCl. In addition, when yeast growth was tested on solid medium made from pollen granules (15 g/L) at $30^{\circ}C$ for 2 days, yeast colonies were equally well-formed like those grown on YPD medium. Overall, rapeseed pollen granules have potential properties on yeast growth and could be used as a primary source for yeast culture.

Ni-Cr계 합금을 이용한 정밀 박막저항체의 제조 및 특성

이영화,박세일,김국진,임영언,Lee Young Hwa,Park Se Il,Kim Kook Jin,Ihm Young Eon 한국전기전자재료학회 2006 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.19 No.1

Precision thin film resistors using evanohm R alloy were fabricated by do magnetron sputtering method. The physical and electrical properties of the resistors were studied after treatment of thermal annealing. The crystallization of the film was increased as the annealing temperature increase. Diffusion and oxidation of Cr and Al elements were occurred into the film surface. The minimum TCR values of 10.46 ppm/$^{\circ}C$ and 10.65 ppm/$^{\circ}C$ were measured at the annealing temperatures of $200^{\circ}C$ and $300^{\circ}C$, respectively. We are conducting additional studies to improve characteristics of our resistors for practical device application.

감마선 검출을 위한 초전도 상전이 센서

이영화,김용함,Lee, Young-Hwa,Kim, Yong-Hamb 한국초전도학회 2008 Progress in superconductivity Vol.9 No.2

We are developing a sensitive gamma ray spectrometer based on superconducting transition edge sensors. The detector consists of a small piece of high purity Sn as an absorber and a Ti/Au bilayer as a temperature sensor. It is designed to measure the thermal signal caused by absorption of gamma rays. The mechanical support and the thermal contact between the absorber and the thermometer were made with Stycast epoxy. The bilayer was formed by e-beam evaporation and patterned by wet etching on top of a $SiN_X$ membrane. A sharp superconducting transition of the film was measured near 100 mK. When the film was biased to the edge of the transition, signals were observed due to single photon absorption emitted from an $^{241}Am$ source. The measured spectrum showed several characteristic peaks of the source including 59.5 keV gamma line. The full with at half maximum was about 900 eV for the 59.5 keV gamma line. The background was low enough to resolve low energy lines. Considerations to improve the energy resolution of the gamma ray spectrometer are also discussed.

Ti/Au 이중층을 이용한 초전도 상전이 센서 제작

이영화,김용함,Lee, Young-Hwa,Kim, Yong-Hamb 한국전기전자재료학회 2008 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.21 No.10

We report on the development of transition edge sensors for x-ray detection. The sensor technology was based on the fabrication of a superconducting film on a thin membrane. A bilayer of a superconductor, Ti, and a noble metal, Au, was e-beam evaporated on a micromachined SiNx. Another Au layer was evaporated on the two side edges of the bilayer in order not to be affected by structural imperfections at the boundaries. With the method described in the present report, the superconducting transition temperature of the device was consistently achieved to near 80 mK with a sharp transition. The energy spectrum ueasured with the device provided 37 eV FWHM for 5.9 x-rays. We also discuss the design and fabrication considerations as well as the performance of the device in detail.

클린뷰티 화장품에 나타난 통합 브랜드 커뮤니케이션 연구

이영화,Lee, Young-Hwa 한국융합학회 2021 한국융합학회논문지 Vol.12 No.4

코로나 시대 마스크 착용으로 유해 성분을 배제한 화장품에 대한 관심이 커지며 '클린뷰티'가 주목받고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 2020년 국내 온·오프라인에서 유통되고 있는 클린뷰티 화장품 브랜드를 선정하여 분석하였다. 클린뷰티 브랜드 36개를 추출하고 전문가 분석을 통해 적합한 브랜드 20개를 선정하였다. 클린뷰티 화장품 브랜드 커뮤니케이션 분석을 위해 구성요소를 네이밍, 로고, 색채, 패키지, 웹사이트로 도출하여 설문조사하였다. 그 결과 네이밍은 자연, 건강 등을 연상하면 떠오르는 단어, 로고는 심플한 형태의 워드마크, 색채는 녹색이나 노란색계열, 패키지는 용기바디에 가운데 맞춤으로 구성된 심플한 형태, 웹사이트는 식물과 동물, 사람의 이미지를 선호하는 것으로 나타났다. 브랜드 커뮤니케이션 구성요소를 종합해 볼 때 자연, 깨끗한, 가벼운 이미지 등을 조화롭게 활용한 것이 클린뷰티 화장품 브랜드를 선호하는 요인으로 작용한 것을 알 수 있었다. 'Clean beauty' attracts attention with an increasing interest in cosmetics without harmful ingredients as people wear masks in the age of COVID-19. Thus, this study selected and analyzed clean beauty cosmetic brands circulated in Korea on/offline in 2020. This study extracted 36 clean beauty brands and selected 20 suitable brands through an experts' analysis. For an analysis of clean beauty cosmetic brand communication, components: naming, logo, color, package, and website were drawn to conduct a survey. Preferred were the words they come up with when they think of nature or health for naming; wordmarks in a simple form for logo; greenish or yellowish for color; the simple form aligned center on the container body for package; and the images of plants, animals, and humans for website. To sum up the components, utilizing natural, clean, and light images harmoniously, acted as a factor for preferring the clean beauty cosmetic brands.

어머니의 정서표현 양가성과 모-자녀 간 의사소통이 남녀 청소년의 우울에 미치는 영향

이영화(Young Hwa Lee),지연경(Yeon Kyung Chee),도현심(Hyun Sim Doh) 한국아동학회 2012 아동학회지 Vol.33 No.6

This study explored the effects of maternal ambivalence over emotional expressiveness (AEE) and mother-adolescent communication on adolescent depression (depressed affect, positive affect, somatic symptoms and activity inhibition, interpersonal difficulties). Data were taken from 233 middle school students (128 boys, 105 girls) and their mothers. Regression analyses showed varying gender differences in the relationships among these variables. Boys with high maternal AEE had lower positive affect, and higher depressive affect, somatic symptoms and activity inhibition, and interpersonal difficulties, whereas girls` moods were not influenced by maternal AEE. In addition, boys with problems in mother-dolescent communication exhibited lower positive affect, higher depressed affect and interpersonal difficulties, but open communication was not related to any depressive symptoms. The mother-adolescent communication type did not appear to be associated with depression in girls either. Both boys and girls both had less open communication and more problem communication with mothers experiencing high AEE. Problem communication with mothers partially mediated the relationship between maternal AEE and interpersonal difficulties in boys only. Examination of maternal ambivalence over emotional expressiveness provides a deeper context for our understanding of negative family communication patterns and the psychological consequences, especially in mother-adolescent boy dyads.

실리콘 미세 가공을 이용한 열전형 미소유량센서 제작 및 특성

이영화 ( Young Hwa Lee ),노성철 ( Sung Cheoul Roh ),나필선 ( Pil Sun Na ),김국진 ( Kook Jin Kim ),이광철 ( Kwang Chul Lee ),최용문 ( Yong Moon Choi ),박세일 ( Se Il Park ),임영언 ( Young Eon Ihm ) 한국센서학회 2005 센서학회지 Vol.14 No.1

N/A A thermoelectric flow sensor for small quantity of gas flow rate was fabricated using silicon wafer semiconductor process and bulk micromachining technology. Evanohm R alloy heater and chromel-constantan thermocouples were used as a generation heat unit and sensing parts, respectively. The heater and thermocouples are thermally isolated on the Si₃N₄/ SiO₂/Si₃N₄ laminated membrane. The characteristics of this sensor were observed in the flow rate range from 0.2 slm to 1.0 slm and the heater power from 0.72 mW to 5.63 mW. The results showed that the sensitivities ((??(ΔV)/??(q)); AV : voltage difference, 4 : flow rate) were increased in accordance with heater power rise and decreasing of flow rate.

문자 인식 후처리를 위한 오인식 단어 검출 및 교정기의 구현

이영화(Young Hwa Lee),김계성(Kye Sung Kim),김영훈(Young Hun Kim),이상조(Sang Jo Lee) 한국정보과학회 1997 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.24 No.1B

본 논문은 형태소 분석기와 문자 교정기를 이용하여 오인식 문자를 교정하는 후처리 방안을 제시한다. 본 시스템은 오인식 어절 검출기와 교정기로 구성되어 있으며, 오인식 어절 검출기는 먼저 양방향 최장일치에 의해 형태소 분석을 하고 분석에 실패한 오인식 형태소에 대해 어절 구성 상태 전이도에서 얻은 형태소간 좌우 접속 정보를 이용하여 품사 정보를 유추하는 등 교정기 입력을 위한 정보를 출력한다. 다음 단계인 교정기에서는 오인식 검출기에서 출력된 정보와 교정 테이블을 이용함으로써 오류를 유형별로 교정하여 오인식 형태소에 대한 후보 문자를 생성한다. 여기에 사용된 교정 테이블은 초, 중, 고등학교 교과서와 동아일보 사설 등을 문서 인식기로 인식한 결과에서 오인식 문자를 조사하여 구성하였다. 상용화된 인식기로 인식한 결과 93%의 인식률을 보인 것을 본 시스템으로 교정한 결과 97.6%로 인식률이 향상되었다.

자서전으로서의 J.M. 쿳시의 삼부작 『시골생활의 풍경』

이영화 ( Lee Young Hwa ) 대한영어영문학회 2022 영어영문학연구 Vol.48 No.4

This paper examines how J.M. Coetzee employs third-person present tense and fragmentation of structure as a strategy for reaching the ‘real’ truth in autobiography. First, the use of the third-person present tense in Boyhood and Youth allows the narrator to set his estranged self and then to more objectively confront the historical self. The distance derived from third-person present tense enables the narrator to avert self-deception and plays a pivotal role in revealing truthfulness by creating dialogue in the text. Second, fragmentation created by John’s journals and Vincent’s interviews in Summertime generates a decentralized cooperative relationship. This fragmentation subverting literary canon’s forms represents the identity of fragmented author whose belonging is not explicitly defined. For Coetzee “all autobiography is storytelling, all writing is autobiography”: not only is all writing based on one’s life, but also all autobiographical confession involves fictional elements. It is due to highly selective episodes for writing as well as incomplete recollection regarding the past. Thus, what is important in autobiographical writing is not a verifiable truth but “truth-directedness,” which is the reason Scenes from Provincial Life is defined as autobiography.