HFCVD법에 의한 H₂ 다이아몬드 박막 제조에 수소가 미치는 영향

이권재,신재수,권기홍,이민수,고재귀,Lee Kwon-Jai,Shin Jae-Soo,Kwon Ki-Hong,Lee Min-Soo,Koh Jae-Gui 한국재료학회 2004 한국재료학회지 Vol.14 No.12

The diamond thin films was deposited on Si(100) substrate by Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition (HFCVD) method using supplied the $CH_{3}OH/H_{2}O$ mixtured gas with excess H_{2} gas. The role of hydrogen ion as the growth mechanism of the diamond deposit was examined and compared the $CH_{3}OH/H_{2}O$ with the $CH_4/H_2$. Pressures in the range of $1.1\sim290{\times}10^2$ Pa were applied and using $3.4\sim4.4$ kw power. It was investigated by Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) and Raman spectroscopy The H ion was etching the graphite and restrained from $sp^3\;to\;sp^2$. But excess $H_2$ gas was not helped diamond deposit using $CH_{3}OH/H_{2}O$ mixtured gas. It was shown that the role of hydrogen ion of deposited diamond films using $CH_{3}OH/H_{2}O$ was different from $CH_4/H_2$.

CH₃OH/H₂O 가스의 기상활성법을 이용한 다이아몬드 박막성장 과정에서의 OES분석

이권재,고재귀,신재수,Lee, Kwon-Jai,Koh, Jae-Gui,Shin, Jae-Soo 한국재료학회 2003 한국재료학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The intensity is measured as functions of both distance from filament to substrate and $CH_3$OH/($CH_3$OH+$H_2$O) ratio by OES(Optical Emission Spectroscopy) to investigate the effects of activation species such as $H_{\alpha}$, $H_{\beta}$, H$\Upsilon\;C_3$, CH on diamond film growth.$ H_{\alpha}$ increases as $CH_3$OH composition decreases, while CH increases as $CH_3$OH composition increases. The intensity of $H_{\alpha}$ decreases as the distance increases and that of CH increases as the distance increases. The intensities of other activation species of $H_{\beta}$, H$\Upsilon\;C_3$, do not vary as a function of measured position distance. It varies randomly. It means that various parameters for depositing diamond thin film can be explained by the intensity(density) change of activation species, as a function of the distance of the filament.

γ-Fe₂O₃ nano 입자의 광학적 특성에 관한 연구

이권재,안정희,신재수,김창만,오자끼 하지메,고재귀,Lee, Kwon-Jai,An, Jeung-Hee,Shin, Jae-Soo,Kim, Chang-Man,Ozaki, Hajime,Koh, Jae-Gui 한국재료학회 2006 한국재료학회지 Vol.16 No.12

The ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$ nano particles in the size range of $5{\sim}30$ nm were prepared by a chemical coprecipitation method. The nano particles were coated with 2nd surfactants for obtaining the water-based. The size effect of ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$ nano particles for the ultraviolet protection was investigated. The variation of the UV-Vis transmittance spectra as a function of wavelength for a ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$ nano particles were showed red-shifted increase with the particle size. The protective effects of UVA onset at near 469, 494, 591 nm for a particle size of 8.7, 9.1 and 12 nm. It is shown that the ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$ nano particles was good materials for protect of UV.

세포독성 평가를 통한 γ-Fe₂O₃ 나노입자의 생체안정성 및 약물전달효율

이권재,안정희,신재수,김동희,유화승,조종관,Lee, Kwon-Jai,An, Jeung-Hee,Shin, Jae-Soo,Kim, Dong-Hee,Yoo, Hwa-Seung,Cho, Chong-Kwan 한국재료학회 2010 한국재료학회지 Vol.20 No.3

This study examined the biostability and drug delivery efficiency of g-$Fe_2O_3$ magnetic nanoparticles (GMNs) by cytotoxicity tests using various tumor cell lines and normal cell lines. The GMNs, approximately 20 nm in diameter, were prepared using a chemical coprecipitation technique, and coated with two surfactants to obtain a water-based product. The particle size of the GMNs loaded on hangamdan drugs (HGMNs) measured 20-50 nm in diameter. The characteristics of the particles were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-TEM) and Raman spectrometer. The Raman spectrum of the GMNs showed three broad bands at 274, 612 and $771\;cm^1$. A 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed that the GMNs were non-toxic against human brain cancer cells (SH-SY5Y, T98), human cervical cancer cells (Hela, Siha), human liver cancer cells (HepG2), breast cancer cells (MCF-7), colon cancer cells (CaCO2), human neural stem cells (F3), adult mencenchymal stem cells (B10), human kidney stem cells (HEK293 cell), human prostate cancer (Du 145, PC3) and normal human fibroblasts (HS 68) tested. However, HGMNs were cytotoxic at 69.99% against the DU145 prostate cancer cell, and at 34.37% in the Hela cell. These results indicate that the GMNs were biostable and the HGMNs served as effective drug delivery vehicles.

2조 겉보리로 만든 몰트의 품질 특성 및 항산화 활성 효과

김민형(Min Hyeong Kim),이권재(Kwon-Jai Lee),안정희(Jeung Hee An) 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.50 No.1

본 연구는 국내에서 육성된 2조 겉보리의 품질 특성, 2조 겉보리를 이용해 만든 호품, 광맥 몰트의 품질 특성 및 항산화 활성을 보여주었고 외국산 몰트와 비교하였다. 호품보리와 광맥보리의 단백질 함량은 13.83%, 10.57%로 측정되었다. 호품, 광맥보리를 이용해 제맥 과정을 거쳐 몰트를 만들었을 때 호품 몰트와 광맥 몰트의 단백질 함량이 14.95%, 11.65%로 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 호품 몰트의 단백질 함량이 실험대조군인 덴마크산 몰트(9.78%)와 독일산 몰트(11.8%)보다 높았다. 호품과 광맥 몰트의 콜박지수는 17.18%, 16.39%이고 덴마크산과 독일산 몰트는 19.53%, 16.19%로 측정되었으며 덴마크 몰트의 콜박지수가 가장 높았다. 효소역가는 호품 몰트 163.39 W.K, 광맥 몰트 157.79 W.K, 덴마크산 몰트 175.79 W.K, 독일산 몰트 154.92 W.K로 보여졌다. 4종의 몰트를 이용해 총 폴리페놀, 탄닌, 플라보노이드 함량을 측정하여 비교했으며, 덴마크산(228.13 ㎎ GAE/g) 몰트가 총 폴리페놀 함량이 높았고 탄닌 함량은 몰트 간의 유의적인 차이가 없었으며, 광맥(148.88 ㎎ CHE/g) 몰트가 플라보노이드 함량이 가장 높았다. 국내산 몰트과 외국산 몰트의 항산화 활성을 비교했을 때 DPPH 라디칼 소거능 활성은 1,000 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 호품(42.73%), 광맥(42.92%), 덴마크산(42.99%) 몰트의 유의적인 차이가 없지만, 호품이 500 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 34.93%로 다른 몰트보다 높은 활성을 나타내었다. ABTS 라디칼 소거능 활성은 호품(81.19%), 덴마크산(81.17%) 몰트가 1,000 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 높게 활성이 보였다. 환원력은 1,000 ㎍/mL의 농도에서 호품 몰트가 0.55로 측정이 되었고, 700 ㎍/mL의 농도에서도 호품 몰트가 0.46으로 다른 몰트보다 유의적인 차이를 보이며 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과에 의하면 국내산 몰트의 총 폴리페놀 함량이 낮게 나타났고, 광맥 몰트의 플라보노이드는 높게 측정이 되었다. 또한, 국내산 몰트는 항산화 활성에서 높은 활성을 보여주었으며, 외국산 몰트와 비교했을 때 국내산 몰트가 항산화 활성이 우수하게 보인다. This study was carried out to investigate the quality characteristics and antioxidant activities of domestic and foreign malts. The protein content of Hopum and Gwangmaeg barley was 13.83% and 10.57%, respectively. Also, the protein content of the Hopum and Gwangmaeg malts showed a higher increase at 14.95% and 11.65%, respectively, compared to barley, Denmark malt (9.78%), and German malt (11.8%). The Kolbach index of the Hopum and the Gwangmaeg malts was 17.18% and 16.39%. Diastatic power of the Hopum malt was observed at 163.39 W.K and Gwangmaeg malt at 157.79 W.K, which was higher than the malts from Denmark and Germany. The Gwangma eg malt had a total flavonoid content of 148.88 ㎎ CHE/g which was higher than other malts. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the Hopum malt showed high activity at 500 ㎍/mL concentration. The ABTS radical scavenging activity observed in the Hopum malt was higher (81.19%) compared to the Gwangmaeg malt (72.97%), and malt from Denmark (81.17%) at 1,000 ㎍/mL concentration. The extracts of the Hopum malt had the highest ABTS activity (81.19%) among the tested groups. The ABTS and DPPH scavenging ability and reducing power increased significantly with increasing malt concentration (P<0.05). These results suggest that domestic malts can be used effectively as functional foods with antioxidant activity or free radical scavenging activity.

으름 어린잎 식초의 품질특성과 생리활성

권우영(Woo-Young Kwon),이은경(Eun-Kyoung Lee),윤진아(Jin-A Yoon),정강현(Kang-Hyun Chung),이권재(Kwon-Jai Lee),송병춘(Byeong Chun Song),안정희(Jeung Hee An) 한국식품영양과학회 2014 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.43 No.7

We investigated the characteristics and biological activities of vinegars added with different levels (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and 3%) of young leaves of Akebia quinata. During alcohol fermentation, alcohol and total acidity contents of vinegars increased. During acid fermentation, total acidity and amino acid contents increased. Vinegar added with 3% A. quinata leaf showed the highest total sensory score. The contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannin significantly increased during fermentation according to the amount of A. quinata leaf. After 22 days of fermentation, total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and tannin contents of vinegar added with 3% A. quinata were 4,079.08 mg GAE/100 g, 2,927.08 mg CE/100 g, and 3,618.00 mg TAE/100 g, respectively. ABTS radical scavenging activity of vinegar added with 3% A. quinata was 79.63%. Anti-cancer activities of vinegar added with 3% A. quinata were 48.65% and 52.90% against MCF-7 and HepG2 cells, respectively. Vinegar added with 3% A. quinata showed anti-bacterial activities against Bacillus cereus, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella enterica, Bacillus subtilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Our results demonstrate that the biological activities of vinegar added with 3% A. quinata leaf (22 days of fermentation) were excellent, and their enhanced total polyphenol, flavonoid, and tannin contents were associated with antioxidant, anti-cancer and anti-microbial activities. Thus, A. quinata can be used as a functional material in vinegar and other foods.

반발효차의 항산화와 항염증 효과

이유림(Yu-Rim Lee),문교하(Gyo-Ha Moon),정강현(Kang-Hyun Chung),이권재(Kwon-Jai Lee),심두보(Doobo Shim),김종철(Jong Cheol Kim),안정희(Jeung Hee An) 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.50 No.9

본 연구는 국내와 중국의 반발효차만을 중점으로 국내 3종, 중국 4종 모두 7종의 차 추출물을 시료별 항산화 능력 및 항염증 효능을 비교 분석하였다. 플라보노이드는 국내산 하동 백차가 186.39 mg CE/g으로 국내에서 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며, 중국차 시료에서는 대홍포가 224.72 mg CE/g로 높은 함량을 보였다. 총 폴리페놀 대비 탄닌의 비율은 국내산 하동 청차 50.6%, 백차 55.8%, 제주 서귀황차는 55.3%였고 중국차 대홍포는 55.8%, 동정오룡은 54.3%, 백호은침은 53.2%, 군산은침은 59.3%로 모든 시료군에서 전체 폴리페놀 대비 높은 탄닌의 함량을 보였다. DPPH와 ABTS 라디칼 소거능에서는 모든 시료군에서 농도가 증가함에 따라 항산화능이 증가함을 보였다. 청차(하동) 추출물의 IC50 값은 9.99 μg/mL, 백차(하동)는 10.44 μg/mL였고, 중국차 군산은침이 4.99 μg/mL로 전체 시료 중에서 가장 높은 DPPH 라디칼 소거능을 보였다. ABTS 라디칼 소거능은 국내 서귀황차(제주), 중국차 대홍포를 제외한 모든 시료군에서 대조군인 ascorbic acid보다 모두 높은 ABTS 라디칼 소거능을 보였다. 환원력에서는 시료의 농도가 증가됨에 따라 환원력이 증가하였고, 환원력과 DPPH 라디칼 소거능 모두 시료의 항산화능과 상관관계를 가지는 것으로 분석된다. LPS로 NO 생성을 유도한 RAW 264.7 대식세포에서 국내산 하동의 백차가 100 μg/mL에서 NO 생성량이 46%로 NO 생성능이 감소하여 전체 시료 중 가장 유의적인 NO 생성 저해 활성을 보였다. 신경독소 물질인 MPTP에 의해 신경 염증이 유도된 SH-SY5Y 세포에서 단독 MPTP를 2 mM로 처리했던 군의 세포 생존율이 49%였으며, 시료 중 국내산 하동의 백차와 중국차 대홍포, 군산은침이 100 μg/mL 농도에서 각 68.16%, 69.96%, 69.14%의 결과를 보여 MPTP 단독 처리군에 비해 20% 높은 항염증 효능을 나타내었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 국내산과 중국의 반발효차의 항산화 및 항염증의 효능을 확인하여 기능성 식품 소재로서의 높은 활용 가치를 가질 것으로 보인다. This study investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of 7 semi-fermented tea from Korea and China. The DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities, and reducing power gradually increased as the concentration increased in all the sample groups. In the DPPH radical-scavenging activity (IC50), domestic oolong tea (Hadong) was 9.99 μg/mL, white tea was 10.44 μg/mL and Junshan Yinzhen tea was 4.99 μg/mL. Junshan Yinzhen tea showed the highest antioxidant effect among other extracts. In the evaluation of ABTS radical-scavenging activities, except Seogwihuang cha (Jeju) and Da Hong Pao tea, other samples showed a higher ABTS radical-scavenging effect compared to the ascorbic acid control group. White tea (Hadong) with a concentration of 100 μg/mL showed a significant nitric oxide (NO) inhibition activity compared to all the other samples by decreasing NO production to 46%. In the analysis of MPTP-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, domestic white tea (Hadong), Da Hong Pao tea, and Junsan Yinchen tea at a concentration of 100 μg/mL showed results of 68.16%, 69.96%, and 69.14%, respectively. These results indicated 20% higher anti-inflammatory effects compared to the MPTP treatment group. Therefore, our results suggest that domestic semi-fermented tea has good antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and is expected to have high utility value as a functional food material.

비파 열매를 첨가한 막걸리의 발효 특성

최규원(Kuy-Won Choi),이준기(Jun-Ki Lee),조현주(Hyeon-Ju Jo),이권재(Kwon-Jai Lee),윤진아(Jin-A Yoon),안정희(Jeung Hee An),정강현(Kang-Hyun Chung) 한국식품영양과학회 2013 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.42 No.6

비파열매를 첨가하여 제조한 막걸리의 최적 첨가량을 확정하기 위하여 비파열매를 각 각 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%를 첨가하여 제조한 막걸리의 발효 중 이화학적 특성과 관능적 특성을 조사하였다. pH는 모든 실험군에서 발효 3일에 pH가 현저히 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 최종 pH는 3.91~4.05였다. 총산도는 담금 직후 발효 3일까지 급격히 증가하였으며 대조군에 비해서 비파를 첨가함에 따라 총 산도가 증가되었고 발효 15일에는 0.71~0.76%로 나타났다. 아미노산은 비파첨가량이 증가함에 따라 높았으며 발효 15일에는 0.13~0.22%로 나타났다. 총당과 환원당은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 감소되었으나 대조군에 비해서 비파 첨가군이 유의적으로 높았다. 알코올은 발효 15일까지 증가하였으며 비파 첨가군이 대조군에 비해서 알코올 함량이 높았다. 총균 및 효모수는 모든 시험구가 발효 3일째 최대값을 나타내었고 이후 5일째에는 급격히 감소하였다. 관능검사 평가결과는 종합적 기호도가 비파 3% 첨가군에서 가장 우수하게 나타났고, 막걸리의 관능적 품질을 높이기 위하여 식품 첨가제로서 효과적으로 사용할 수 있으며 비파의 이용도를 증진시킬 수 있다. In this study, we evaluated the physicochemical, microbial, and sensory characteristics of Makgeolli made with loquat fruits during fermentation. The pH values of all samples decreased after 3 days of fermentation, with a final pH ranging from 3.91 to 4.05. Total acidity increased (from 0.71 to 0.76%) from the addition of loquat fruits after 15 days of fermentation. Amino acid content increased (from 0.13 to 0.22%) with fermentation time after 15 days of fermentation. Total sugar and reducing sugar content decreased with fermentation, but was significantly higher with the addition of loquat fruit. The alcohol content of the loquat-added groups was also higher compared to the control group after 15 days of fermentation. The microbial and yeast count of all samples increased to its maximum after 3 days and then decreased after 5 days of fermentation. The sensory score of Makgeolli made with 3% loquat fruit showed higher values than other samples. The results of this study suggest that loquat effectively serves as a natural additive for improving the sensory qualities of Makgeolli and potentially other foods.

3차원 마이크로 세포칩 제작을 위한 3차원 연속 레이저 스캐닝 방법

최재원(Jae-Won Choi),이지선(Jisun Lee),도한명(HanMyeong Do),김영철(Young Choel Kim),박지용(Jiyong Park),손용(Yong Son),김경지(Gyeong-Ji Kim),이권재(Kwon-Jai Lee),안정희(Jeung Hee An),하철우(Cheol-Woo Ha) 한국생산제조학회 2020 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.29 No.5

연산 오골계 물 추출물이 조골세포와 파골세포의 활성에 미치는 영향

유한석 ( Han Seok Yoo ),정강현 ( Kang Hyun Chung ),이권재 ( Kwon Jai Lee ),김동희 ( Dong Hee Kim ),안정희 ( Jeung Hee An ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2015 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.43 No.4

본 연구는 연산 오골계의 물 추출물을 이용하여 MG-63 조골세포와 RAW 264.7 파골세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 조골세포의 분화에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위해 ALP 활성 분석과 alizarin red 염색을 통해 골 석회화를 측정하였다. 그리고 RAW 264.7 파골세포의 분화 억제 활성을 확인하기 위해 TRAP 활성과 염색을 분석 측정하였다. 연산오골계 물 추출물을 농도별(250-1,000 μg/ml)로 처리한 결과 조골세포와 파골세포에서 세포독성을 나타내지 않았다. ALP 활성은 3년산 암탉 육질이 133.8%, 3년산 수탉 육질은 129.6%로 육질이 껍질보다 조골세포 분화력이 높았다. 그리고 육질에서는 3년산이 1년산보다 ALP 활성이 높으나 껍질에서는 1년산이 3년산보다 조골세포 분화능력이 높았다. 성별 간 ALP 활성은 전체적으로 암탉이 수탉보다 높은 ALP 활성을 보였다. 또한, 골 석회화 능력은 3년산 암탉 육질이 연령과 성별을 통틀어 124.3%로 가장 뛰어났으며 TRAP 활성은 3년산 수탉 육질이 31.8%로 연령과 성별을 통틀어 억제 활성이 가장 뛰어났다. 연산 오골계 물 추출물은 조골세포 분화능력이 뛰어나 골의 석회화를 촉진하는 능력이 뛰어났으며 파골세포의 분화를 억제하여 골 흡수를 억제하는 능력이 뛰어났다. 이에 연산 오골계는 골 기능 강화와 골 관련질환에 대한 예방과 치료에 효과가 있을 것으로 보인다. The effects of water extracts of Gallus gallus var. domesticus (Yeonsan ogolgye, GD) on the activities of osteoblast differentiation and the restraint of osteoclast formation were investigated. The water extract of GD in the human osteoblast “MG-63” cell, was examined in relation to alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red stains. In order to observe the effects of osteoclasts formation, we analyzed RAW 264.7 cell tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and TRAP stains. The ALP activity of the water extract of hen and cock flesh (3 years) were 133.8% and 129.6%, respectively. The ALP activity of flesh extracts was also higher than that of the skin extracts. Concerning the effects of age, the 3 years old flesh extracts had a higher activity than that of the one year old extracts. However the activity of the 3 years old skin extracts was lower than that of the one year old extracts. For gender conditions, the ALP activity of the hen extract was higher than that of the cock. The degree bone mineralization in the three years old hen flesh exhibited the highest rate, at 124.3%, amongst all the groups. The TRAP activity of the flesh extracts of the three years old cock revealed the lowest rate, at 31.8%, compared to the control. Our results demonstrate that the water extract of GD increases bone mineralization and osteoblast differentiation activity in MG-63 cells and enhances the inhibitory activity of bone-resorption in RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, the water extracts of GD seem to be effective in the prevention and treatment of bone related disorders.