웃음요법이 입원 노인 환자의 통증, 우울 및 수면에 미치는 영향

이경임(Lee Kyeong Im),은영(Eun Young) 대한근관절건강학회 2011 근관절건강학회지 Vol.18 No.1

Purpose: This paper was aimed to investigate the effect of laugher therapy on the pain, depression and sleep disturbance in elderly patients who admitted in long term care facility. Method: This study used a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. A sample of 40 elderly patients (20: experimental group, 20: control group, 65 or older) were recruited. Visual analogue scale was used to measure level of pain level, Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form Korea Version (GDSSF-K) for depression. Sleep Scale for sleep. The laugher therapy was given twice a week for four weeks (8 times). Each therapy consists of preparatory, action and finishing stage. Data were analyzed by PASW 18.0. Results: The pain score in experimental group was significantly different from that in control group (t=4.17, p<.001). The level of depression in experimental group was significantly different from that in control group (Z=4.12, p<.000). The level of sleep in experimental group was not significantly different from that in control group (Z=-1.43, p<.152). Conclusion: A laugher therapy is expected to be practical used an efficient method of a nursing intervention to elderly patients in long term care facility.

국내 도박사이트 특징점을 이용한 링크 수집 및 분류 기법

이경석(Kyeong Seok Lee),임규민(Gyumin Lim),조호묵(Homook Cho) 한국정보과학회 2021 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2021 No.12

고객의 인구통계학적 특성에 따른 미용실의 인적서비스와 고객감정의 차이

이경이 ( Yee-kyeong Lee ) 한국미용예술경영학회 2016 미용예술경영연구 Vol.10 No.1

본 연구는 인구통계학적 특성에 따른 미용실의 인적서비스와 고객감정의 차이를 알아봄으로써, 미용실의 입지와 주 고객층을 고려한 직원 채용과 마케팅 전략수립으로 고객들이 재방문하는데 있어 개선점을 제시하고자 한다. 자료수집은 서울지역 미용실을 이용하는 일반인을 대상으로 최종 306부의 설문지를 SPSS 21.0 통계프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 조사대상자의 인구통계학적 특성을 알아본 결과, 40대 고졸학력의 기혼 여성이었고 월 100~200만원의 소득이 있었다. 둘째, 조사대상자의 인적서비스를 알아본 결과, 외모적인 측면에서는 낮게 나타났고 기술적인 측면에서는 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 조사대상자의 고객감정을 알아본 결과, 인적서비스로 인한 고객감정의 변화는 높게 나타났다. 인구통계학적 특성의 따른 인적서비스의 차이를 알아본 결과, 성별, 연령, 최종학력, 결혼여부, 월소득에서 각 집단 간의 차이가 있었다. 연구 결과에 따른 인적서비스와 고객감정의 개선점제시는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학생들이 주 대상인 미용실에서는 발랄한 외모와 긍정적인 마인드를 가진 미용사 채용이 필요하다. 둘째, 주부들이 주 대상인 미용실에서는 인성을 갖춘 고학력자 미용사 채용이 필요하다. 셋째, 고학력층과 고소득층에서는 전문지식과 기술이 필요하다. 넷째, 서비스 품질을 개선하여 전문적인 마케팅이 필요하다. 넷째, 변화무쌍한 고객감정의 흐름에 잘 대응한다. 이러한 개선점을 바탕으로 미용실을 이용하는 주 고객층인 고객들을 파악하여 직원을 채용하고 효과적인 마케팅전략을 수립하며 이를 통해 인적서비스로 인한 고객의 감정을 잘 대처한다. 따라서 미용실의 매출을 증대시키며 고객들의 고객만족으로 인한 재구매의 효과가 이루어지길 바란다. Upon the examination of distinct types of customer service in numerous beauty parlors according to their demographic characteristics, this study suggests improvements to increase customer re-visitation rates through staff recruitment and marketing strategies with consideration to geographical conditions and customer base. Targeting people using beauty parlors in Seoul, 306 questionnaires were analyzed by the SPSS 21.0 Statistical Program, and the results are as follows. Firstly, demographic inspection has revealed primary consumers who took in one ~ two million won, to be) married women with a high school diploma in their forties. Secondly, he personal feedback of research subjects indicates outward aspects, such as customer service as having lower importance, whilst technical aspects were regarded as having higher value. Thirdly, the quality of customer service was found to be highly influential towards the research subjects' "feelings as a customer". Closer examination between the distinct types of customer service revealed demographic differences of gender, age, highest level of education, marital status, and monthly income between customer bases Improvements to customer service and consequently, customer's feelings according to the results of study are suggested as follows. Firstly, it is necessary to hire hairdressers with a perky appearance and positive mind in a beauty parlor whose main target is students. Secondly, it is necessary to hire well-educated hairdressers with an amiable nature in a beauty parlor whose main target is housewives. Thirdly, expertise and technique are needed to perform with a well-educated group and high-salary class. Fourthly, in order to improve service quality, specialized marketing is required. And fifthly, beauty parlors should respond well to customer's changing feelings. Adjustments made to customer treatment that are based in comprehensive understanding of the beauty parlor's demographic, ensures that suitable employees are hired and effective marketing strategies are established. Through this, customer feeling by personal services is well-handled. Conclusively, the researcher hopes that the sales of the beauty parlor will increase, and the effect of repeated sales by way of customer satisfaction will be made.

WSN에서 클러스터기반의 효율적인 pairwise key 설정 기법

이경효 ( Kyeong Hyo Lee ),오병균 ( Byeong-kyun Oh ),이상국 ( Sang-gug Lee ) 한국정보처리학회 2007 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.14 No.2

센서노드들이 배치되었을 때 초기 보안 요구사항은 이웃 노드 사이의 보안키를 안전하고 효율적으로 설정하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 클러스터 단위로 직접키를 공유함으로써 공유하는 센서 수를 줄임과 동시에 다항식이 노출 되어도 전체 센서 네트워크에 끼치는 영향을 최소화하여 안전성을 보장하게하고 컴퓨팅 오버헤드를 줄일 수 있게 하였다. 또한 가용성 보장을 위해 불필요한 키관리 동작을 지양하고 센서 노드의 에너지 소모를 감소시키기 위하여 근접 클러스터 헤더 노드와의 사전 키 분배를 통해 경로키를 설정하게 함으로써 센서노드간의 안전하고 효율적인 pairwise key 설정을 통해 안전한 통신이 가능하게 하였다.

대한신경외과학회지에 발표된 요통 환자의 치료결과 평가방법

이경석,도재원,윤석만,배학근,윤일규,Lee, Kyeong-Seok,Doh, Jae-Won,Yoon, Seok-Man,Bae, Hack-Gun,Yun, Il-Gyu 대한신경외과학회 2001 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.30 No.5

Objectives : Criteria for evaluating the results of treating low back pain vary widely. We examined the methods measuring the outcome in the papers of Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society. Methods : We selected all published articles describing the methods measuring the outcome of low back pain in the journal. They were classified into 3 periods such as period 1 for volume 1-20, 2 for volume 21-25, and 3 for volume 26-28. Results : There are 25 articles in period 1, 44 in period 2, and 30 in period 3. The outcome was classified into 0 to 5 classes by more than 15 different methods. Although the terms and descriptive criteria differ, 4 classes were the most common classification, being 16 in period 1, 39 in period 2, and 19 in period 3. The outcome was usually measured by authors' own method in period 1. In period 2, criteria by Gill et al was most commonly used along with many different criteria. Criteria by Prolo et al became a common method in period 3. Conclusion : Varying methods compromised comparative analyses of outcome. A more simple and universally applicable criteria is necessary to facilitate comparisons among various methods of treatment.

Patterns and Persistence of Pharmacotherapy for Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in South Korea

이경은,제남경,Lee, Kyeong Eun,Je, Nam Kyung Korean College Of Clinical Pharmacy 2018 한국임상약학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Objective: This study aimed to assess treatment persistence in Korean children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the factors influencing their adherence to ADHD pharmacotherapy. Methods: The study included patients between 6 and 18 years of age with ADHD who were taking various formulations of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on June 1, 2014. Patients were dichotomized as "persistent" or "non-persistent", depending on whether they continued ADHD therapy for 6 months (therapy persistence). We also investigated if the patients were taking the same medication(s) as before and also classified the patients as "medication persistent" or "non-persistent". Patient' characteristics were correlated with therapy persistence and medication persistence. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to assess potential risk factors for treatment persistence. Results: Overall, 3,317 patients were included in the analysis. A majority of patients were taking stimulants (82.0%), 16.2% were taking non-stimulants and 1.8% were taking a combination therapy of stimulants and non-stimulants. After 6 months, 2,290 patients (69.0%) continued to take medication for ADHD with 1,953 patients taking the same medication(s) as 6 months previously. Common positive factors for therapy persistence and medication persistence were identified as younger age, retardation, and developmental delay, and long-acting formulations of methylphenidate as either monotherapy or in a combination therapy may be used. Conclusion: ADHD medications were proven to improve academic performance and social skills of children. Collaboration between patients, parents, school staffs, and prescribers is required to improve the persistent use of ADHD medications.

중, 소형시설물 지진피해평가·관리시스템 개발

이경석 ( Lee Kyeong-seok ),서영득 ( Seo Young-deuk ),최형석 ( Choi Hyoung-suk ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2021 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.25 No.1

지진이 발생하면 시설물의 관리자는 구조물의 피해발생 여부를 조사하고 긴급복구를 실시하는 등 대응을 수행할 책임이 있다. 그러나 교량 및 건축물과 같은 대형의 사회기반시설에 대해서 지진발생 후 소수의 관리인원이 제한된 시간 내에 다수구조물의 지진피해를 확인하고 안전성을 평가하는데는 어려움이 있다. 국내에서는 지진재해대응시스템이 개발되어 있으나 확률론적 안전성 평가방법을 적용하고 있어 개별 시설물에 대한 피해 정도를 제공하지는 못하는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 중, 소형시설물의 지진피해평가·관리시스템을 개발함으로써 지진재해 발생 후 관리자에게 구조물의 피해발생 여부, 긴급점검 등 유지관리활동의 필요유무 정보를 제공하고자 한다.

외상성 추간판 손상과 의원성 척추장애인 만들기

이경석,도재원,윤석만,배학근,윤일규,Lee, Kyeong-Seok,Doh, Jae-Won,Yoon, Seok-Mann,Bae, Hack-Gun,Yun, Il-Gyu 대한신경외과학회 2000 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.29 No.7

Objective : Traumatic disc lesion is a lesion with tremendous controversies. The causal relationships of this lesion are not established along with pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, methods of treatment and the outcome. However, a significant number of patients with back pain after a trauma underwent spinal operations under the diagnosis of traumatic disc lesions. Such an ill-directed operation eventually produce a person with an iatrogenic disability. We present two illustrative cases, and tried to make a preventive method. Methods : We examined the path from mild trauma after a road traffic accident into the iatrogenic disability in two illustrative cases, who requested disability assessment and medical appraisement. We evaluated the reason and background for such an unwanted outcome and tried to find a method to reduce or prevent it by a literature review. Results : These two patients were admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of lumbar sprain after a road traffic accidents. They eventually underwent spinal surgery under another diagnosis such as traumatic disc herniation or internal disc disruption. They stayed at the hospital for more than six months and finally lost their jobs. They became the disabled at last. Although they complained back pain, they never insisted by themselves that their symptoms were due to the traumatic disc lesion. To prevent such an iatrogenic disability, the doctors should assist them to go-back to the workplace promptly instead of a reckless extension of the treatment period. It may be necessary to evaluate the certificates to extend the treatment period with an additional diagnosis by a medical expert. To reduce the unnecessary long-term admission, a new billing system such as a partial share for the high cost of the treatment by the patients may be needed. Conclusion : It is not the patient but the doctors, who has the responsibility to avoid the unnecessary operations. All treating doctors should try to reduce or prevent such an iatrogenic complication caused by ourselves before we are forced to do so.

점진성형에서 형상의 복잡도와 다이의 종류가 성형 정밀도에 미치는 영향

이경부(Kyeong-Bu Lee),강재관(Jae-Gwan Kang) 한국생산제조학회 2014 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.23 No.5

In this paper, the influence of part shape complexity and die type on forming accuracy in incremental sheet metal forming is presented. The part shape complexities are classified into two types, namely, of one and two-step shapes. Correspondingly, die types are classified into three types, namely, of no-, partial, and full die types. The experimental tests are performed separately on negative and positive forming methods. It is shown that for the one-step shape, there are no significant differences in forming errors between the cases of no- and full die types when the negative forming method is used. Furthermore, the full die type is better than the partial die when positive forming is used. For the two-step shape case, the full die type always exhibits better forming accuracy than the no- and partial die types, irrespective of the forming method used.

숲 활동을 경험한 유아교사의 행복감에 대한 내러티브적 탐구

이경열 ( Kyeong Yul Lee ),최수경 ( Soo Kyung Choi ) 영유아교육학회 2013 영유아교육연구 Vol.16 No.-

이 연구는 숲 활동을 경험한 유아교사가 숲에서의 교육을 실천하는 교사되기의 길을 가는 과정에서 어떤 경험을 하는지, 이러한 경험을 통해 유아와의 관계, 자신의 직무에 대한 생각 등 교사로서 가지는 행복감에 대해 그들의 이야기를 통해 진솔하게 드러내어 보여줌으로써 숲 활동이 유아뿐만 아니라 유아교사에게도 어떠한 변화를 가져 올 수 있는가에 대한 관심과 이해를 돕고자 하기 위한 것이다. 2012년 4월 10일부터 2013년 10월 30일까지 대략 1년 6개월간에 걸친 내러티브적 탐구를 통해 숲을 처음 경험한 유아교사 2명을 대상으로 행복감에 관한 연구를 하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 교사와 유아와의 관계가 이전에는 가르치고 배우는 관계에 한정되었다면 숲 활동 이후 교사도 유아들에게 때로는 배우고 도움을 받기도 하면서 서로 주고받음이 있는 관계로 변화되었다. 둘째, 교사는 숲에서의 활동을 통해 일을 하는 공간의 차이, 즉 자연 속에서의 교육을 통해 자신이 가진 교육적 지향과 새로운 신념을 가지는 계기를 갖게 되었다. 셋째, 숲 활동을 경험하는 과정에서 유아들과 겪게 되는 다양한 상황과 자연 이 주는 심미감, 정서적 안정감으로 인해 교사는 행복감을 느끼게 되었다. The purpose of this study is trying to help you understand and concern that activity of forest would bring any changes in not only children but also kindergarten teachers who experienced activity of forest. In the study, the teachers, in the process of becoming teacher who put the education in practice in the woods, show honestly what they experienced, relationship between children, though of their duties and happiness they feel. We have studied about happiness that is intended for two kindergarten teachers who first experienced the forest activity through the narrative inquiry for about one and half times. (From April 10, 2012 to October 30, 2013) Through the activity experience with children in the forest for more than one and half years, the change of A teacher and B teacher is passed the following part in review at this study. First, relationship with child who experienced activity of forest, Second, job satisfaction as kindergarten teachers after having an experience of forest activity, Third, happiness from activity of forest.