초발 조현병, 만성 조현병과 건강 대조군의 뇌활과 분계섬유줄 연결성 비교

이아리라,윤미림,육기환,최태규,이강수,방민지,이상혁,Lee, Arira,Yun, Mirim,Yook, Ki Hwan,Choi, Tai Kiu,Lee, Kang Soo,Bang, Minji,Lee, Sang-Hyuk 대한생물정신의학회 2019 생물정신의학 Vol.26 No.1

Objectives Disrupted integrities of the fornix and stria terminalis have been suggested in schizophrenia. However, very few studies have focused on the fornix and stria terminalis comparing first-episode schizophrenia (FESZ), chronic schizophrenia (CS), and healthy controls (HCs) with the application of diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) technique. The objective of this study is to compare the connectivity of the fornix and stria terminalis among FESZ, CS, and HCs. Methods We included the 44 FESZ patients, 39 CS patients and 20 HCs in this study. Voxel-wise statistical analysis of the fractional anisotropy (FA) data was performed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics to analyze the connectivity of fornix and stria terminalis. In addition, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) were used to evaluate clinical symptom severities. Results There were no significant differences between the FESZ, CS, and HCs in age, sex, education years. The SAPS and SANS scores of the schizophrenia groups showed no significant differences. FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalis in the CS group were significantly lower than those in FESZ and HCs. There were no significant differences of FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalis between the FESZ and the HCs. Pearson correlation analyses revealed that significant correlation between FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalies of the the FESZ group and positive, negative symptom scales, and FA values of the right fornix cres/stria terminalis of the CS group and negative symptom scales. Conclusions This study shows that FA values of the fornix and stria terminalis in the CS were lower than in the FESZ and the HCs. These results suggest that the fornix and stria terminalis can play a role in pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Thus current study can broaden our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애와 노르에피네프린 수송체 유전자 다형성의 연관성

송정은(Jungeun Song),육기환(Ki-Hwan Yook),이성희(Sung Hee Lee),김소원(So Won Kim),이민구(Min Goo Lee),홍현주(Hyun Ju Hong) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2010 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.21 No.1

Objectives:This study aimed to examine the association between norepinephrine transporter gene (SLC6A2) polymorphisms and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to examine the relationship between the genotypes and allele variants of SLC6A2 and results of the Korean version of the parent ADHD rating scale (K-ARS). Methods:We examined the association between ADHD and norepinephrine transporter gene polymorphism using DNA from 137 Korean children with ADHD and 120 normal controls. We compared the genotype distributions and allele frequencies of SLC6A2 polymorphism between the control group and the ADHD group. Then, we correlated the children’s K-ARS mean totals, inattention scores, and hyperactivity/impulsivity scores with the genotypes and alleles for each SLC6A2 polymorphism. Results:There were no significant differences in genotype and allele distribution for each SLC6A2 polymorphism, as shown by the Chi-square test (p>.01). There was a trend toward a difference in allele frequency in rs 5568, but it was not statistically significant after adjusting for multiple comparisons (p=.048). Also, there were no significant differences in K-ARS scores according to the genotypes and alleles for the SLC6A2 polymorphisms. Conclusion:Our study found no significant evidence of an association between SLC6A2 polymorphisms and ADHD.

스마트폰중독과 정신병리 사이의 상관관계

이성재,김보라,최태규,이상혁,육기환,Lee, Sung-Jae,Kim, Borah,Choi, Tai Kiu,Lee, Sang-Hyuk,Yook, Ki-Hwan 대한생물정신의학회 2014 생물정신의학 Vol.21 No.4

Objectives This study aims to investigate possible associations between proneness toward smartphone addiction and certain psychopathological variables to evaluate the psychopathological meaning of smartphone addiction. Methods Questionnaires were assigned to 755 adults between September and November 2012. We used the Korean Smartphone Addiction Proneness Scale (SAPS), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale-11 (BIS-11). Subjects were classified into two groups according to the scores of the SAPS ; the addiction proneness group and the normal-user group. Results The addiction proneness group had significantly higher scores than the normal-user group in the BDI, BAI, OCI-R, and BIS-11. The scores of the SAPS were positively correlated with the scores of the BDI, BAI, OCI-R, and BIS-11. Using logistic regression analysis, smartphone addiction proneness showed a significant association with BIS-11. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that smartphone addiction proneness may be associated with depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and impulsivity. Furthermore, impulsivity could be a vulnerability marker for smartphone addiction proneness.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애에서 노르에피네프린 수송체 유전자와 오로스 메칠페니데이트 부작용의 연관성

송정은(Jungeun Song),홍현주(Hyun Ju Hong),이병욱(Byung Ook Lee),육기환(Ki-Hwan Yook) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2014 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.25 No.2

Objectives:The aim of our study was to investigate association of norepinephrine transporter gene (SLC6A2) polymorphism and side effects of osmotic-release oral system methylphenidate (OROS MPH) in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods:We recruited drug naive children with ADHD (N=97). We administered OROS MPH by tolerable dosage. At week 8 of treatment, parents completed the Barkley’s side effect rating scale. We analyzed two SLC6A2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs192303 and rs3785143, with blood of subjects. We compared the frequency and severity of each side effect among SLC6A2 genotypes of 2 SNPs. Results:In the analysis of frequency of each side effect, irritability differed according to rs192303 and rs3785143 genotype. In comparisons of severity, talking less and disinterest differed according to rs192303 genotype. In the case of rs3785143, severities of disinterest and irritability were involved with genotype. Conclusion:Side effects of OROS MPH showed an association with SLC6A2 genotype.

우울장애 청소년의 위험행동 유형과 자살시도의 관련성

김란(Ran Kim),권호인(Hoin Kwon),이영호(Young-Ho Lee),육기환(Ki-Hwan Yook),송정은(Jeongun Song),송민아(Min-A Song),홍현주(Hyun Ju Hong) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2015 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.26 No.3

Objectives:The objective of this study was to identify the risky behavior subtypes in adolescents with depression, and the relationship between those subtypes and suicide attempt. Methods:Ninety adolescents who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-4th edition criteria for major depressive disorder, dysthymia, or depressive disorder not otherwise specified participated in the study. Participants were interviewed about suicidal attempts, non-suicidal self-injuries. Smoking, drinking behaviors, and searching for the word “suicide” on the internet, negative life events including bulling-bullied experiences, and history of abuse were also included with questionnaires. Results:The results of cluster analysis showed that four risky behaviors were divided into three clusters : non-risky type, characterized by few risky behaviors ; delinquency type, which was characterized by smoking and drinking ; non-suicidal selfinjury type. In non-suicidal self-injury type, percentage of girls was higher and clinical symptoms were more severe than delinquency type. In addition, delinquency type members could be a bully, while non-suicidal self-injury type members could be abused by a family member. Logistic regression analysis showed that both risky behavior subtypes were significant predictors of suicide attempt. Conclusion:These results suggest that two types of risky behaviors of depressed adolescents have an effect on the suicide attempts independently. Then, the implications and limitations of the study were discussed and directions for future studies were suggested.

소아기 발병 제1형 양극성 정동장애의 약물치료

홍현주(Hyun Ju Hong),최태규(Tae Kyou Choi),육기환(Ki-Hwan Yook) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2007 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.18 No.1

한국인 우울증 환자의 대인관계 문제 영역에 대한 연구

현용호(Yong Ho Hyun),남윤영(Yoon Young Nam),김세현(Se Hyun Kim),서신영(Shin Young Se),육기환(Ki Hwan Yook),이만홍(Man Hong Lee) 한국정신병리진단분류학회 2001 精神病理學 Vol.10 No.1

N/A N/A

초등학생의 주의력결핍과잉행동 증상과 인터넷 중독 경향성, 우울, 불안 증상의 관련성

유 미(Mi Lyu),김근향(Keun-Hyang Kim),홍현주(Hyun Ju Hong),최태규(Tai-kiu Choi),육기환(Ki-Hwan Yook) 한국중독정신의학회 2010 중독정신의학 Vol.14 No.1

Objectives:This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptoms and Internet Addiction, Depression, and Anxiety in Elementary-school Students. Methods:Participants were 477 children, ranging from the 4th to the 6th grade in elementary school and their parents. The participants completed the following measures; the Korean version of the parent ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS), the Korean version of the Conners Parent Rating Scale (K-CPRS), the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist (K-CBCL), the Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT), the Children’s Depression inventory (CDI), and the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS). Results:ADHD symptoms, depression, and anxiety symptoms were significantly related to Internet addiction severity. After we controlled for the effects of sex, depression, and anxiety symptoms, ADHD symptoms predicted Internet addiction severity, as parent-reported and as child-reported. However, there were some differences between parent-report scale scores and child-report scale scores. In the parent reports, ADHD symptoms correlated more significantly with Internet addiction than with either depression or anxiety symptoms, whereas the child reports, depression contributed more to Internet addiction than did ADHD symptoms. Conclusion:These results suggest we might need to pay more attention to diagnosing and treating Internet addiction, since different informants could be reporting the variables affecting internet addiction differently.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애에서 파탄적 행동장애의 공존과 약물치료

강제욱(Je Wook Kang),박은진(Eun Jin Park),김성찬(Seong Chan Kim),신의진(Yee-Jin Shin),신윤미(Yun-Mi Shin),정재석(Jaesuk Jung),천근아(Keun-Ah Cheon),육기환(Ki-Hwan Yook) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2012 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.23 No.S

Disruptive behavioral disorders [oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD)] are common comorbid disorders in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ODD/CD may be comorbid up to 60% of children and adolescents with ADHD. Comorbid ODD and CD symptoms can have a significant impact on the course and prognosis o f patients with ADHD. Stimulant medications have shown effectiveness in treating both core ADHD symptoms and oppositional symptoms. Assessment and management of comorbid disruptive behavioral symptoms is an essential part in evaluation and treatment of ADHD patients. Further research is needed to investigate the efficacy and safety of various behavioral and medication regimens for ADHD, comorbid ODD and CD and to examine the relationships between ADHD, comorbid ODD and CD.

한국인이 생각하는 나르시시즘(Narcissism)의 개념에 대한 예비연구

이만홍,육기환 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.3

Objects : In order to define different concepts of narcissism in Korean, this study was designed to compare the concept of narcissism by Korean laymen with that of DSM-Ⅲ-R. Methods : 1) Initially, 2 laymen & 4 psychiatric personnel were interviewed and made to describe in free association on narcissism. With these results and the DSM-Ⅲ-R diagnostic criteria of narcissistic personality disorder, we developed a semistructured interview. 2) Using this semistructured interview, authors interviewed 28 key informants(14 laymen, 14 psychiatric residents) an asked them to describe their own understanding of prototypical person of narcissism. Psychiatric residents were comparative subjects to laymen. Results : Laymen thought positively that narcissism was one part of personality, made them achieve self-confidence and a new vitality in life, and consequently made them more enthusiastic in one's work. Narcissism was thught to result in possible difficulties of interpersonal relationships espeually by psychiatric residents. There was a gender difference which concentrated on the differences-men thought level of education, job, success, fame and money more important whereas women took as important factors such as appearance, relationships with one's spouse or lover and his social standing. Men overtly require acceptance by others whereas women self-absorption and intellectual achievement. When one is denied, men directly show aggressive response whereas women show this indirectly and later. Laymen saw narcissism as normal, while some saw it as a personality disorder or mental disorder. Reasons contribute to narcissism were developmental factor and socioenvironmental factor. Conclusions : Concepts and psychopathology of narcissism did not seem little difference between opinions of laymen and DSM-Ⅲ-R. Laymen took narcissism more positively than psychiatric residents. It was taken as part of personality, required for normal development and professional capabilities are above average and have achievement and self-confidence. Narcissism did not require treatment or when necessary it would become better. Results suggested that narcissism has sex difference more or less.