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Exopolysaccharide 생성 유산균을 이용한 Stirred Yogurt 특성에 관한 연구
강호진,백승천,유제현,Kang Ho-Jin,Baick Seung-Chun,Yu Je-Hyun 한국축산식품학회 2005 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.25 No.1
본 연구에서는 EPS 생성 유산균인 S. thermophilus St-Body 1을 발효 온도 및 시간별로 EPS를 분리하여 발효 조건이 EPS 생성에 미치는 영향과 EPS 생성량이 stirred 요구르트의 점도, syneresis, 물성, 관능검사에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. pH와 유산 함량 변화는 온도에 따라 다른 경향을 보였으며, 발효 온도가 높을수록 pH 감소가 빠르게 진행되고, 6, 12시간에 많은 유산이 생성되었다. 유당 함량은 발효 6시간 동안에 20∼40%가 이용되었고, 유산균수는 31℃에서 발효한 요구르트가 상대적으로 유산균수가 높은 것으로 나타났다. S. thermophilus St-Body 1은 발효 온도가 낮을수록 더 많은 EPS를 생성하고, 발효 12시간과 24시간에 많은 EPS를 생성하는 것으로 관찰되었다. 점도는 발효 시간이 증가할수록 점도가 증가하였으며, syneresis는 37℃에서 30시간 발효한 stirred 요구르트가 가장 적은 것으로 나타났다. 경도와 접착성은 발효가 진행될수록 증가하는 경향을 보였고, 점착성과 탄력성은 발효가 진행될수록 감소하였다. S. thermophilus St-Body 1로 발효한 요구르트의 관능검사 결과, 37℃, 24시간 발효한 요구르트가 풍미 6.25, 조직 4.25, 외관 3.50으로 가장 높은 수치를 나타내었다. We investigated fermentation characteristics and the amount of exopolysaccharide (EPS) produced, and the correlation between EPS and rheological properties in stirred yogurt fermented with Streptococcus thermophilus St-Body 1. The changes of pH and lactic acid concentrations of yogurt showed different patterns according to fermentation temperatures. About 20 to 40% of lactose was utilized during 6 hrs incubation. The higher number of lactic acid bacteria was obtained at 31℃ incubation temperature rather than other incubation temperatures. The higher amount of EPS was produced at 12 hr or 24 hr rather than other incubation period at the same fermentation temperatures. The viscosity continuously increased during the fermentation period, however the syneresis of yogurt was shown the lowest value at 37℃ for 30 hrs incubation. In physical properties, the hardness and adhesiveness increased continuously with decreasing cohesiveness and elasticity as incubation process was extended. The stirred yogurt fermented with S. thermophilus St-Body 1 at 37℃ for 24 hr resulted in the highest score at each sensory evaluation category.
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전략자원의 글로벌 Tech-Knowledge 패권 경쟁과 한국의 경쟁력 확보
박환일(Hwanil Park),권소현(So Hyun Kwon),성경모(Kyung-Mo Sung),최해옥(HaeOk Choi),유지영(Ji Yeong Yoo),김영진(Young-Jin Kim),김태경(Tae Kyung Kim),김소은(So Eun Kim),박동운(Dongun Park),유제현(Je Hyun Yu),장진규(Jin Gyu Jang),김화년(Hwa 과학기술정책연구원 2020 정책연구 Vol.- No.-
Strategic resources are becoming increasingly important from the viewpoint of innovation beyond economic, social, and security values. They are generally defined as resources that need to be secured stably in order to promote the stability and development of a nation’s industries in a sustainable way. This research focused on oil and grains, for which the Korean economy and industries rely heavily on imports, as the country’s strategic resources. Strategic resources have seen increasingly growing supply-demand imbalance and price volatility due to the COVID-19 pandemic combined with environmental changes such as the worsening climate crisis. At the same time, various innovation initiatives have resulted in notable achievements as digitalization and environmental sustainability are rapidly progressing throughout the development, production, and distribution stages of the oil and grains industry. This study sought to survey the innovation activities taken by global major companies participating in the development, production, and distribution stages of strategic resources such as oil and grains in particular to figure out how they have come to secure global technological supremacy. The ultimate goal of this research is to suggest areas on which the Korean government and businesses should focus their strategic resources in order to maintain their competitive edge given the changing domestic and international environment such as the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change as well as the level of technological competitiveness of the country with regard to the strategic resources it can deploy. Global oil and grain majors are rapidly promoting digitalization and environmental sustainability, leading innovation in the areas through heavy investments in research and development. As a result, it is possible for businesses to create various types of markets and expand into related industries. Korea has been designing and promoting policies aimed at securing overseas resources. Now, it is time to look at its strategic resources from the perspective of innovation and strive to create opportunities to secure tech-knowledge competitiveness in the areas as well. This study chose the digital oil field(DOF) as a strategic position for Korea to create new growth opportunities in the global upstream oil industry, and it is proposing that the country secure competitiveness in the digital oil field through policy efforts in the following areas: First, Korea needs to establish a government-led digital oil field policy and research platform; Second, Korea has to cultivate experts in the digital oil field; Third, it must come up with an incentive system for its resources sector and digital tech companies. Grain majors’ innovation activities provide two main implications for the Korean government and companies. First, it is necessary to respond to the digital transformation spreads in the grains industry. Second, there is a need to concentrate on the development of digital twin technology as a means to responding to global risks. When the development sector is linked to the production sector of the strategic resources, the Digital New Deal and the Green New Deal policies being promoted by the Korean government will become twice as effective. Strategic resources will continue to be developed, produced and utilized, with the combination of digital technology and eco-friendly technology expected to further improve productivity and reduce pollution down the road. Lastly, this study proposes conducting specific follow-up research on the digital oil field with an aim to boost the country’s tech-knowledge competitiveness in the area together with in-depth research on the impact of the application of innovative technologies in the field of grain trading.
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