Neurocritical care for critically ill patients

유정암 대한응급의학회 2022 대한응급의학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2022 No.2

Impact of Neurointensivist Co-management on the Clinical Outcomes of Patients Admitted to a Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit

유정암,양정훈,Chi Ryang Chung,서지영,홍승철 대한의학회 2017 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.32 No.6

Limited data are available on improved outcomes after initiation of neurointensivist co-management in neurosurgical intensive care units (NSICUs) in Korea. We evaluated the impact of a newly appointed neurointensivist on the outcomes of neurosurgical patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). This retrospective observational study involved neurosurgical patients admitted to the NSICU at Samsung Medical Center between March 2013 and May 2016. Neurointensivist co-management was initiated in October 1 2014. We compared the outcomes of neurosurgical patients before and after neurointensivist co-management. The primary outcome was ICU mortality. A total of 571 patients were admitted to the NSICU during the study period, 291 prior to the initiation of neurointensivist co-management and 280 thereafter. Intracranial hemorrhage (29.6%) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) (26.6%) were the most frequent reasons for ICU admission. TBI was the most common cause of death (39.0%). There were no significant differences in mortality rates and length of ICU stay before and after co-management. However, the rates of ICU and 30-day mortality among the TBI patients were significantly lower after compared to before initiation of neurointensivist co-management (8.5% vs. 22.9%; P = 0.014 and 11.0% vs. 27.1%; P = 0.010, respectively). Although overall outcomes were not different after neurointensivist co-management, initiation of a strategy of routine involvement of a neurointensivist significantly reduced the ICU and 30-day mortality rates of TBI patients.

Respiratory Complications Associated with Insertion of Small‐Bore Feeding Tube in Critically Ill Patients

유정암,조중범,박성범,이대상,정치량,양정훈,전경만,서지영,박치민 대한중환자의학회 2014 Acute and Critical Care Vol.29 No.2

Small-bore flexible feeding tubes decrease the risk of ulceration of the nose, pharynx, and stomach compared with large-bore and more rigid tubes. However, small-bore feeding tubes have more respiratory system complications, such as pneumothorax, hydropneumothorax, bronchopleural fistula, and pneumonia, which are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Thus, it is important to confirm the correct position of feeding tubes. Chest X-ray is the gold standard to detect tracheal malpositioning of the feeding tube. We present three cases in which intubated patients exhibited an altered mental state. An assistant guide wire was used at the insertion of small-bore feeding tubes. These conditions are thought to be potential risk factors for tracheobronchial malpositioning of feeding tubes.

급성 간부전의 뇌압상승에 대한 최신지견

유정암 ( Jeong Am Ryu ) 대한간학회 2020 간학회 싱글토픽 심포지움 Vol.2020 No.1

중환자실에서 스테로이드 치료

이상길,유정암 대한신경집중치료학회 2017 대한신경집중치료학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Increased levels of tissue corticosteroids are associated with important protective responses of critically ill patients. Critical illness and its treatment interfere with the normal corticosteroid response to illness and induce tissue corticosteroid insufficiency. Therefore, corticosteroid is commonly used in critically ill patients. In intensive care units, the main reasons for using steroids are critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI), septic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), airway edema, etc. CIRCI may be suspected due to symptoms or signs such as unconsciousness, hemodynamic instability, fever, or electrolyte imbalance. An adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test or measurement of a random plasma cortisol level is necessary to diagnose CIRCI. Corticosteroid administration can be helpful when CIRCI is confirmed. Similar to CIRCI, corticosteroid can be used in septic shock. However, corticosteroid administration is not recommended for patients with sepsis without shock. The use of corticosteroid in patients with ARDS is still controversial. Although steroids are commonly used for critically ill patients, there are controversies related to the use of steroids in the intensive care unit. In this article, we review the physiology of the corticosteroid response to critical illness and practical issues relating to the diagnosis and treatment of corticosteroid insufficiency in critically ill patients

Safety and feasibility of ultrasound-guided insertion of peripherally inserted central catheter performed by an intensive care trainee

이용우,유정암,김영오,길은미,송영목 대한신경집중치료학회 2020 대한신경집중치료학회지 Vol.13 No.1

Background: We investigated the safety and feasibility of ultrasound-guided peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) placements performed by intensive care medical trainees in comparison to PICC placements performed by intensivists. Methods: This was a retrospective and observational study of adult patients who underwent PICC placement and were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) between July 2013 and March 2018. Ultrasound-guided PICC was performed at the bedside by an intensivist or intensive care medical trainee if intrahospital transport was inappropriate. The primary endpoint was PICC-induced complications. The secondary endpoint was initial success of PICC. Results: A total of 209 patients underwent PICC placement during the study period. There were no significant differences in age, sex, body mass index, comorbidities, causes of ICU admission, or severity scores between the trainee-led PICC and intensivist-led PICC groups. Difficult venous access (42.6%) and requirement for central line infusion (39.2%) were the most common reasons for PICC placement. The basilic vein (62.2%) was the most common target vein among patients who underwent PICC. There were no significant differences in complications between the two groups (P=0.473). In addition, the initial success rate and procedural time were similar between the two groups (P=0.108 and P=0.076, respectively). There were no insertional injuries and moderate or severe bleeding in patients with PICC. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided PICC placement by an intensive care medical trainee may be safe and feasible compared to PICC placement by an intensivist.

Complicated Pulmonary Pseudocyst Following Traumatic Lung Injury Rescued by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

박성범,이대상,유정암,조종호,조양현,정치량,양정훈,전경만,서지영,박치민 대한중환자의학회 2014 Acute and Critical Care Vol.29 No.3

Traumatic pulmonary pseudocyst is a rare complication of blunt chest trauma that usually appears immediately in children or young adults and is characterized by a single or multiple pulmonary cystic lesions on chest radiography and has spontaneous resolution of the radiologic manifestations. However, we experienced a case of a delayed complicated pulmonary pseudocyst in a 17-year-old boy following severe traumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome rescued by Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). In this case, the pseudocyst appeared on the 12th day after trauma and transformed into an infected cyst. Veno-venous ECMO was successfully maintained for 20 days without anticoagulation.

하향안진과 운동실조를 보인 후천성 간뇌변성

이창민,유호준,유정암,김재일 대한신경과학회 2007 대한신경과학회지 Vol.25 No.1

Nystagmus or ataxia is a rare manifestation of acquired hepatocerebral degeneration (AHCD). A 49-year-old woman presented with downbeat nystagmus and limb and gait ataxia. She was diagnosed as primary biliary cirrhosis with a gastric varix. Brain MRI showed cerebellar vermian atrophy and characteristic T1 high-signal intensities in bilateral globus pallidi and ventral midbrain. We report a rare case of AHCD manifesting prominent cerebellar symptoms. This has not yet been reported in Korea.

Safety and Feasibility of Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy Performed by Intensive Care Trainee

이대상,정치량,박성범,유정암,조중범,양정훈,박치민,서지영,전경만 대한중환자의학회 2014 Acute and Critical Care Vol.29 No.2

Background: Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) performed by an intensivist in critically ill patients is currently popular. Many studies support the safety and feasibility of PDT. However, there is limited data on the safety and feasibility of PDT performed by intensive care trainees. Methods: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of PDT performed by intensive care trainees and to compare these with those performed by intensivists, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and adverse events of all prospectively registered patients who underwent PDT by ICT or intensivists in intensive care units (ICUs) from August 2010 to August 2013. Results: In the study period, 203 patients underwent PDT in ICUs; 139 (68%) by trainees and 64 (32%) by intensivists. There were no statistically significant differences in clinical characteristics including demographics, laboratory findings, and parameters of mechanical ventilation between the two groups. Procedure times and outcomes of the patients were not different between the two groups. The majority of complications observed in 24 hours after PDT were bleeding; however, there was no significant difference between the two groups (trainee 10.8% vs. intensivist 9.4%, p = 0.758). There was no procedure-related death in the two groups. Conclusions: PDT performed by intensive care trainees was safe and feasible. However, further well-designed studies should be conducted to confirm our results.

Refractory Septic Shock Treated with Nephrectomy under the Support of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Young Kun Lee,유정암,Jeong Hoon Yang,박치민,Gee Young Suh,Kyeongman Jeon,Chi Ryang Chung 대한중환자의학회 2015 Acute and Critical Care Vol.30 No.3

Conventional medical therapies have not been very successful in treating adults with refractory septic shock. The effects of direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for refractory septic shock remain uncertain. A 66-year-old man was admitted to the emergency department and suffered from sepsis-induced hemodynamic collapse. For hemodynamic improvement, we performed direct hemoperfusion using polymyxin B. Computed tomography scan of this patient revealed emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN), for which he underwent emergent nephrectomy with veno-arterial ECMO support. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of successful treatment of EPN with refractory septic shock using polymyxin B hemoperfusion and nephrectomy under the support of ECMO.