UV-B 조사에 따른 버섯 추출물의 항염증 및 항알레르기 활성

황미선(Mi Sun Hwang),표재성(Jaesung Pyo),김현진(Hyun Jin Kim),도선길(Sun Gil Do),송일대(Il Dae Song),김강민(Kang Min Kim) 한국생명과학회 2022 생명과학회지 Vol.32 No.5

본 연구에서는 표고버섯(Lentinula edodes)을 자외선 조사를 통한 ergocaciferol (비타민 D₂) 함량을 증진시킨 추출물을 이용하여 염증 및 알레르기 반응에 미치는 효과를 확인하였다. 표고버섯 추출물의 항염증 및 항알레르기 효능은 LPS로 활성화된 대식세포(RAW 264.7)와 PMA와 A23187에 의해 활성화된 비만세포(RBL-2H3)로부터 분비 또는 발현되는 TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-4와 같은 cytokine과 histamine 분비량을 측정하여 관찰하였다. LPS에 의해 활성화된 대식세포에서 자외선 조사 표고버섯 추출물 처리에 의해 pro-inflammatory cytokine인 TNF-α와 IL-6의 분비량을 ELISA 방법으로 측정하였을 때 현저히 감소함을 확인하였고 mRNA 발현 또한 감소됨을 확인하였다. 비만세포에 자외선 조사 표고버섯 추출물과 PMA, A23187을 함께 처리한 경우 비만세포의 탈과립에 의해 분비되는 histamine의 양이 유의적으로 감소함을 확인하였고 IL-4의 발현양 또한 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과는 자외선 조사에 의해 비타민 D₂ 함량을 증진시킨 표고버섯 추출물이 염증과 알레르기 반응의 cytokine의 발현을 저해하는 것으로 보아 염증 및 알레르기 질환의 예방과 치료에 효과적으로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. In this study, the effects of UV irradiation-enhanced ergocalciferol (vitamin D₂) content containing Lentinula edodes extract on inflammation and allergic responses were investigated in vitro. The anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects of the mushroom extract were tested by estimating the cytokine secretions, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in LPS-activated macrophages (RAW 264.7), or histamine release in PMA and A23187-activated mast cells (RBL-2H3). Under the condition of macrophage activation with LPS, mushroom extract significantly reduced the secretions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6, and their mRNA expression also matched the observation. The current mushroom extract also significantly reduced the amount of mast cell degranulation-induced histamine secretion from PMA- and A23187-treated mast cells as well as the reduced secretion of IL-4. These results suggest that mushroom extract, which has increased ergocalciferol content by UV irradiation, inhibits the expression of cytokines in inflammation and allergic reactions; therefore, it can be used effectively for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory and allergic diseases.

식도정맥류 출혈의 내시경적 경화요법에 관한 임상적 고찰

송일한(Il Han Song),김병호(Byung Ho Kim),동석호(Seok Ho Dong),김효종(Hyo Jong Kim),장영운(Young Woon Chang),이정일(Jung Il Lee),장린(Rin Chang) 대한내과학회 1995 대한내과학회지 Vol.49 No.3

N/A Objectives: Esophageal variceal bleeding is the most life threatening complication in patients with portal hypertension secondary to chronic liver disease. Recently, endoscopic injection sclerotherapy is in worldwide use as the treatment of choice for active bleeding of esophageal varices, But there is no standard results due to the different techniques used and follow up systems. Methods: To assess the effect of endoscopic injection sclerotherapy, clinical characteristics of the patients, number of sclerotherapy and amount of sclerosant, bleeding control of urgent sclerotherapy, number of varix eradication and rebleeding, complicatio, mortality and causes of death, and survival time were evaluated in 113 pathents (urgent:51 cases, elective.62 cases) with esophageal variceal bleeding during follow up period. Results: 1) Present variceal bleeding was controlled in 42 (82.4%) of 51 urgent patients. 2) Esophageal varices were eradicated in 23 (45.1%) of urgent patients, in 39(62.9%) of elective patients: the mean number of session was 4.2, 5.1, respectively. 3) The number of paients with rebleeding was 18 (35.3%) of urgent, 25 (40.3%) of elective patients. 4) There were complications, in frequent order, substernal pain (55.8%), esophageal ulcer(38.9%), esophageal stenosis (2.7%), and esophageal perforation (1.8%), aspiration pneumania (1.8%), mediastinitis (0.9%). 5) Mortality rate of urgent, elective patients was 56.9%, 25.8%, respectively. Causes of death were varix rebleeding, hepatoma, hepatic failure in urgent cases, whereas they were hepatic failure, varix rebleeding, hepatoma in elective case, in order. 6) Median survival was shorter in patients with urgent case, high Child-Pugh classification grade, hepatoma than with elective case, low Child-Pugh classification grade, without hepatoma. Conclusion: Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy is first line therapy in patients with urgent esophageal variceal bleeding, but for the long term prevention of variceal rebleeding and improvement of survival, the hemodynamic status of patients, degree of Child-Pugh classification, presence or absence of hepatoma, indication of sclerotherapy (urgent, elective) should be considered.

The Role of Fragile Histidine Triad As Tumor Suppressor in Pathogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

송일한 ( Song Il Han ),신정은 ( Sin Jeong Eun ),김홍자 ( Kim Hong Ja ),황일란 ( Hwang Il Lan ),류명수 ( Lyu Myeong Su ),( Kenneth H. Buetow ) 대한소화기학회 2003 대한소화기학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2003 No.-

<Aims> Fragile histidine triad (FHIT), located within chromosome 3p14.2, has been known to be one of molecular targets as the candidate tumor suppressor involved in the development of several human tumors. <Methods> In order to define the pathogenetic rol

상급종합병원 VAV 시스템의 송풍기 제어방식 비교에 따른 에너지 효율성에 관한 연구

송일학(Il Hak Song),이종호(Jong Ho Lhee) 대한설비공학회 2019 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2019 No.-

Indoor comfort and energy saving are important factors in application of VAV system. In order to reduce the energy of VAV system, various control methods of fan can be applied. In this study, variable pitch control and VVVF(Variable Voltage Variable Frequency) control are compared. Experiments were conducted on the axial fan in the AHU operated by the tertiary hospital in Seoul, South Korea, and efficiency and power demand of the fan were derived. Based on the 85% of fan load, VVVF was effective in the low airflow range and variable pitch in high airflow range. Monthly energy consumption of the fan was 8.1% and 25.7% in August and November. In the target building, variable pitch was found to use more power overall than VVVF.

사무소 건물의 방위별 유리의 선택적 적용을 통한 냉난방부하 절감 방안

송일학(Song Il-Hak),권세림(Kwon Se-Lim),송규동(Song Kyoo-Dong) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2012 한국건축친환경설비학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.3

Various design factors of the building are requires for saving energy. Glazing can be a good alternative of reducing excessive load of heating and cooling especially in office buildings with high WWR(Window Wall Ratio). In this study, Window 6.0 program developed in LBNL was used to analyze the glazing and EnergyPlus 6.0 developed in DOE was used to predict heating, cooling load. 12 cases of glazing were used selectively including double low-emissivity glazing, double tinted glazing, double reflective glazing, and triple glazing. The results show that the savings of heating and cooling load due to an application of various glazing types with 8 orientations would be up to about 35% compared to double clear glazing in annual period.

백두대간(白頭大幹) 화령-추풍령 지역의 식물자원

송일배(Song Il -Bae),신동철(Shin Dong-Cheol),한상은(Han Sang-Eun),Balkrishna Ghimire,허권(Kweon Heo) 한국약용작물학회 2012 한국약용작물학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.2

산림대기중의 부유미생물 및 CO₂ 분포 조사연구

송일석 ( Il-seok Song ),배용수 ( Yong-su Bae ),이용기 ( Yong-ki Lee ),민윤기 ( Yoon-ki Min ),정병환 ( Byeong-hwan Jeong ),이승원 ( Seung-won Lee ) 한국환경기술학회 2015 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.16 No.1

건강에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 도시 인근의 산을 이용하는 주민들이 기하급수적으로 증가하는 상황에서 수원시에 소재한 광교산 20개 지점을 산림지역 4지점과 등산로 16지점으로 나누어 산림대기 중의 부유세균, 부유진균, 포도상구균, 온실가스인 이산화탄소의 분포 특성에 관해 2013년 2월부터 10월까지 조사하였다. 조사결과 부유세균은 산림지역 4~3,254 CFU/㎥, 등산로 4~2,506 CFU/㎥, 부유진균은 산림지역 0~2,420 CFU/㎥, 등산로 0~1,734 CFU/㎥로 조사되었고, 포도상구균은 조사 전지점에서 검출되지 않았다. 온실가스인 이산화탄소 농도는 산림지역에서 264~477 ppm, 등산로에서 272~491 ppm으로 측정되어 계절별 편차는 있으나 다른 연구결과와 비슷한 수준을 보였다. 또한 부유세균과 온도, 습도, 이산화탄소, 피톤치드, 미세먼지, 산의 고도, 등산객 수, 그리고 부유진균과 온도, 습도, 이산화탄소, 피톤치드, 미세먼지, 산의 고도, 등산객 수와 상관관계를 조사한 결과 유의성이 없었다. This study was performed to assess based on field investigation the distribution characteristics of airborne bacteria, airborne fungi, Staphylococcus and carbon dioxide in an area of the Mt. Gwanggyo, Suwon, 20 sites, 4 forest sites and 16 trails sites, were selected for evaluation of seasonal level of airborne bacteria, airborne fungi, Staphylococcus and carbon dioxide. An on-site survey was executed between February 2013 and October 2013. Airborne bacteria concentration of forest and trails ranged from 4 CFU/㎥ to 3,254 CFU/㎥ and from 4 CFU/㎥ to 2,506 CFU/㎥, respectively. Airborne fungi concentration ranged from 0 CFU/㎥ to 2,420 CFU/㎥ in forest area and from 0 CFU/㎥ to 1,734 CFU/㎥ in trails. Staphylococcus was not detected in the survey all sites. Carbon dioxide concentration ranged from 264 ppm to 477 ppm in forest area and from 272 ppm to 491 ppm in trails. There was no significant correlation relationship between airborne bacteria, airborne fungi and various factors such as temperature, relative humidity, height, number of hiker, carbon dioxide, phytoncide and PM₁₀.

천로(川老)와 정진(鄭震)의 『금강경합주본(金剛經合註本)』 연구

송일기(Song, Il-Gie) 동국대학교 불교문화연구원 2019 佛敎學報 Vol.0 No.86

이 글은 근래 새로 발견된 금강경 주석서에 대한 서지적 연구이다. 종래 우리나라에서 간행된 금강경의 주석서로 고려시대에 「천로해」가 수차 간행 보급되었으며, 조선시대에는 「오가해」가 널리 유포되었다. 그런데 최근 새로 발굴된 금강경의 주석서는 「천로해」에 정진의 주석이 추가된 ‘합주본’으로 그 동안 정진의 주석은 전혀 알려져 있지 않았다. 그러나 합주자 정진과 천로의 생애에 대해서는 자세히 알려져 있지 않은데, 단편적 기록을 통해 12세기에 중국 태주에서 활동했던 인물로 보인다. 합주본의 찬자인 정진은 주로 남송의 고종과 효종연간에 중국 태주에서 활동한 인물로 직비각과 숭도관에서 관리로 근무하여 정3품직인 조의대부에 오른 송대 유학자이다. 그는 천로가 금강경에 주해한 것에 대해 별도의 주해를 추가한 합주본을 편찬하였던 것으로 보인다. 이 합주본은 중국에서 남송초기에 간행되었을 것으로 보이나 당시 간행된 송판본은 현전하지 않고 있으나, 우리나라에는 조선 세종 8(1426)년에 경상도 장수산 무주암에서 개판된 판본이 현재 유일하게 전래되고 있다. 경상도 무주암에서 간행된 합주본은 한국은 물론 중국과 일본에도 현전하지 않은 유일한 판본으로 파악되었다. 특히 주목되는 사실은 조선후기에 추사 김정희가 묘향산 보현사를 탐방하였을 무렵에 합주본을 보고 논평을 남긴 제발이 문집에 수록되어 있어 조선시대 합주본의 존재 사실은 확인이 되고 있다. 이에 천로와 정진의 주석 내용을 비교 분석한 결과, 합주본에는 기존의 천로본에 비해 2-3배 분량이 더 많은 정진의 주해가 추가되어 있다는 사실을 확인하였다. 이를 통해 향후 천로의 금강경 주해본 연구에 있어서 난해한 내용들이 새롭게 밝혀질 것으로 기대된다. This research deals with the newly found commentary book of Vajracchedika prajnaparamita Sutra (The Diamond Sutra). As the commentary book of The Diamond Sutra in Korea, Commentaries by Cheon No-hae (川老解) was published many times during the Goryeo Dynasty; also, Commentaries by Five Masters (五家解) was widely circulated during the Joseon Dynasty. However, the newly found commentary book of The Diamond Sutra is a “combined edition” including the annotation of Cheongjin (鄭震) to Commentaries by CheonNohae, which was previously unknown. However, The life of Cheongjin and Cheon No is not known in detail, but it seems to be figures who acted in Taizhou, China, in the 12th century through a fragmentary record. Cheongjin was a Confucian scholar who worked for Jikbigak (直秘閣) and Sungdoguan (崇道觀) as a government high officer in Taizhou, China in the years of King Gaozong and Xiaozong in southern Songs. He seems to have compiled the combined edition with his own annotation on Commentaries by Cheon No-hae. This combined edition is presumed to have been published in China during the early stage of the Southern Song Dynasty (南宋); nonetheless, it was published in Gyeongsang-do, Jansu Mountain, Mujuam (無住菴) during the Joseon Sejong of 8 (1426). It was identified as the only edition that is not present in South Korea as well as China and Japan. It is noteworthy that in the late Joseon Dynasty, Kim Jeong-hui visited the Mt. Myohyang BoHyun Temple (普賢寺) and made his commentation after seeing this combined edition, confirming the existence of book in Joseon Dynasty at least. According to the results of a comparative analysis pertaining to annotations of Cheollo and Cheongjin, the number of annotations of Cheongjin in the combined edition was two or three times that of the original edition of Cheollo. It is expected that the unclear part of the commentary of Cheollo will become clearer after further study.

재생잔골재의 혼합률에 따른 자기충전 콘크리트의 역학적 특성에 관한 연구

송일현(Song Il Hyun),류재석(Ryou Jae Suk),김종필(Kim Jong Pil),박광필(Park Kwang Pil),김성수(Kim Seong Soo) 대한토목학회 2008 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2008 No.10

광교산의 피톤치드 발생량 및 분포 특성

송일석 ( Il-seok Song ),정병환 ( Byeong-hwan Jeong ),김정권 ( Jeong-kwon Kim ) 한국환경기술학회 2013 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.14 No.4

삶의 질에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 단순한 휴양공간에서 벗어나 건강의 유지, 증진 및 보건 의학적 치료차원에서 산림의 활용을 모색하기 시작하였다. 독일과 일본을 비롯한 선진국에서는 국민건강 유지 및 질병 치유를 목적으로 산림환경을 적극 활용하고 있으며, 이에 따라 숲이 지닌 보건기능에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 광교산을 대상으로 피톤치드 발생량을 조사·분석한 결과, 연중 5월, 8월, 9월과 하루 중 오후 2시와 밤 10시에 발생량이 많은 것으로 나타났다. 성분 구성비는 α-pinene > β-pinene > camphene > limonene 순이었으며, 침엽수가 식재되어 있는 지점이 활엽수가 식재되어 있는 지역보다 피톤치드 농도가 높게 나타났다. As the public`s interest of quality of life increases, the research on the practical usage of forest shift from recreation purpose to therapeutic one that can maintain and promote health. Among advanced nations such as Germany and Japan, forest is actively used as a way to promote public`s health and cure diseases. As a result, the research on health promoting effects of forest is conducted frequently. By researching and analyzing the emission amount of phytoncide in the Mt. Gwanggyosan, phytoncide were most emitted 2 p.m. and 10 p.m. during the day, and in months of May, August and September. Major components ratio is α-pinene > β-pinene > camphene > limonene and the phytoncide concentration of coniferous forest is higher than broad leaved forest.