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Safety Assessment of Concrete Expressway Bridges Employing Probabilistic Concept
백인열,안상섭,신수봉 대한토목학회 2013 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.17 No.3
The study examines the assessment method for the safety of concrete bridges in the Korean expressway using the probabilistic concept. The reliability-based assessment methods available are reviewed, and the assessment results from the different methods are compared through field applications. A comparison of the assessment results from the available international assessment codes or guidelines showed that the current assessment method in Korea provides a very conservative result. The evaluation using the proposed assessment method, considering the reduced uncertainty in the assessment and corresponds to the newly issued bridge design code in the limit-state format, revealed a considerably improved rating factor. To take the characteristics of the limited truck traffic of the expressway into account, a live load model is constructed using the site-specific truck information in a statistical manner and used to evaluate the load rating. In addition, a new updating process for an analytical model of a bridge using measured response is presented. The reduced live load of the expressway increased the rating factor of the test PSC (Prestressed Concrete) girder bridge in a Korean expressway. The rating factor of the test bridge was increased further by applying the updated analytical model.
A New Black Soybean Cultivar, “Ilpumgeumjeong 2” with Good Seed Quality and High Yield
백인열,박금룡,강성택,김현태,오기원,이성희,한원영,오영진,Doo-Chull Shin,정명근,Jong-Min Ko,Nam-Suk Kang,Sea-Kwan Oh,Sang-Ook Shin,Duck-Yong Suh,Hong-Tae Yun,Jae-Keun Choi,Seong-Su Lee,Chang-Ki Son,Yong-Duck Kim,Ho-Yeong Kim 한국육종학회 2006 한국육종학회지 Vol.38 No.5
A new black seed coated soybean cultivar, “Ilpumgeumjeong 2” was developed at the Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute (YARI) in 2005. Ilpumgeumjeong 2 was selected from the cross between “Milyang 68” and “Suwon 178”. The preliminary, advanced and regional yield trials for evaluation and selection of this line (Milyang 140) were carried out from 2001 to 2005. It has a determinate growth habit, purple flower, tawny pubescence, brown pod color, black seed coat, yellow cotyledon, spherical seed shape, oval leaf shape, and middle-large seed size (25.0 grams per 100 seeds), and it was 4 days later in maturity than the check cultivar Ilpumgeumjeong. For the seed quality such as sucrose contents (4.70%) and anthocyanin contents of seed coats (15.3 mg/g), Ilpumgeumjeong 2 showed higher than check cultivar, and it was suitable for cooking with rice at seed hardness. It also has been identified to have resistance to the soybean mosaic virus mosaic (SMV) which are the troublesome soybean diseases. The average yield of Ilpumgeumjeong 2 was 2.62 ton per hectare in the regional yield trials (RYT) carried out in 7 locations of Korea from 2003 to 2005, which was 7 percent higher than the check cultivar Ilpumgeumjeong.
Reliability analysis of concrete bridges designed with material and member resistance factors
백인열,Eui-Seung Hwang,신수봉 사단법인 한국계산역학회 2009 Computers and Concrete, An International Journal Vol.6 No.1
Reliability analysis for a proposed limit state bridge design code is performed. In order to introduce reliability concept to design code, the proposed live load model is based on truck weight survey. Test data of domestic material strengths are collected to model statistical properties of member strengths. Sample RC and PSC girder sections are designed following the safety factor format of the proposed code and compared with the current design practice. Reliability indexes are calculated and examined for material and member resistance factor formats and sample calibrations of safety factors are presented. It is concluded that the proposed code provides reasonable level of reliability compared to the international design standards.
콘크리트 도로교 설계를 위한 저항계수 체계별 신뢰도 분석
백인열,상희정 한국도로학회 2011 한국도로학회논문집 Vol.13 No.2
As a background study to apply the reliability-based resistance factors to the domestic concrete bridge design code, a comparative study is conducted for the design results and the reliability indexes obtained by adopting different resistance factor formats to yield the design strength of concrete structures. The design results which are calculated by applying the section resistance factors of the current domestic design code and the material resistance factors of Eurocode are compared for the concrete beam bridge. The reliability index is calculated by considering the uncertainties involved in material, dimension and strength equation during the design procedure to get the strength of concrete structure. Also, the sensitivity analysis is performed to figure out which design variables have great impact on the reliability index. The resistance factors of the current domestic bridge design code, AASHTO LRFD and Eurocode are applied to the bridge design for flexure and shear strength and the results show that the resistance factors of the domestic code give the largest reliability indexes. It is observed that the probabilistic distribution of the live load makes difference for the reliability index and the yield strength of reinforcing steel and the live load have great impact on the reliability of both flexural and shear strength of concrete beam through the sensitivity analysis. 본 연구는 국내 콘크리트교량설계기준에 신뢰도기반 저항계수를 적용하기 위한 기초 연구로, 구조물의 설계강도를 산정하기 위하여 사용하는 저항계수체계에 따른 설계결과와 신뢰도지수를 비교분석하는 연구를 수행하였다. 현재 국내에서 적용하는 단면저항계수및 유럽에서 사용하는 재료저항계수를 적용하여 콘크리트 빔 교량들에 대하여 동일한 설계를 수행한 결과를 비교분석하였다. 콘크리트 구조의 강도를 산정하는데 관련된 재료, 치수 및 해석의 불확실성을 고려하여 설계의 안전율인 신뢰도지수를 산정하고, 신뢰도지수에 큰 영향을 미치는 설계변수에 대한 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. 휨강도와 전단강도에 대하여 설계를 수행하였으며, 현행 국내 도로교설계기준, 미국 AASHTO LRFD, 유럽 Eurocode의 저항계수를 적용한 결과 국내 기준의 저항계수에 따른 설계의 신뢰도지수가가장 컸으며, 활하중의 통계분포 형식에 따라 신뢰도지수에 차이가 있음을 보였다. 콘크리트 보의 휨과 전단에 대한 신뢰도지수에 미치는 영향은 철근의 항복강도와 활하중이 가장 큼을 민감도 분석결과를 통하여 알 수 있었다.
백인열,한원영,고종민,김현태,전명기,박금룡,이병원,이영훈,하태정,신상욱,심하식,문중경,오기원,강성택,조상균,윤홍태,이승수,손창기 한국육종학회 2013 한국육종학회지 Vol.45 No.1
‘소청2호’는 녹색 자엽의 검정콩으로 내재해성이 우수하고 가공용에 적합한 신품종육성을 목표로 숙기가 매우 늦은 대립 검정콩인 ‘밀양78호’와 소립 내재해 도입종인 ‘Peking’을 1996년 인공교배한 YS1262 조합으로 계통육종법으로 선발하였고 계통명은 ‘밀양182호’이다. 꽃은 백색이고 자엽색은 녹색이며, 입형은 장타원형이며 성숙기가 지나면 협의 개열에는 약하다. 성숙기는 10월 2일로 ‘청자콩’과 같이 다소 빠른 품종이며, 경장은 56 cm로 ‘청자콩’보다 10 cm 짧고 100립의 무게는 12.2 g인 소립인 품종이다. 도복에 강하며 포장 재배시험에서 콩모자이크 바이러스병은 다소 발생하였고, 불마름병에 대한 유묘 접종 및 포장반응은 ‘청자콩’과 비슷하나 약한 편이다. 종실성분으로 조단백 함량은 38.8%로 ‘청자콩’보다 다소 낮았고, 종실의 아이소플라본 함량은 2,031㎍/g으로 ‘청자콩’보다 높았다. 청국장 가공적성에서 ‘일품검정콩’보다 발효 정도는 다소 낮으나, 청국장 수율 및 풍취에서 우하였다. ‘소청2호’의 중남부지역 5개소의 평균 수량성은 ha당 2.00톤으로 ‘청자콩’ 대비 7% 증수하였다. A new black seed coat soybean variety, ‘Socheong 2’ was developed at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 2006. ‘Socheong 2’ was selected from the cross between ‘Milyang78’ and ‘Peking’. The preliminary, advanced and regional yield trials for evaluation and selection of this variety were carried out from 2005 to 2009. It has determinate growth habit, white flower, brown pubescence, black pod color, black seed coat, green cotyledon, elongated flattened seed shape, oval leaf shape and small seed size (12.2 grams per 100 seeds). And it has the same maturity as the check cultivar Cheongjakong. ‘Socheong 2’ has better seed quality than that of the check cultivar in isoflavone contents (2,031 ㎍/g), and it has good adaptability for ‘Cheongkugjiang’ and soybean malt. It also has been identified to have resistance to soybean mosaic virus symptom (SMV) which was the troublesome soybean diseases. The average yield of ‘Socheong 2’ was 2.00 ton per hectare in the regional yield trials carried out in five locations of Korea among seven from 2007 to 2009, which was 7 percent higher than that of the check cultivar ‘Cheongjakong’.