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Demonstration of the Hayden-Preskill Protocol via Mutual Information
배정명,강수범,염동한,조희승 한국물리학회 2019 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.75 No.12
We construct the Hayden-Preskill protocol by using a system of spin-1/2 particles and demonstrate information flows of this system which can mimic black holes. We first define an analogous black hole $A$ as a collection of such particles. Second, we take the particles from inside to outside the black hole to define an analogous system of Hawking radiation $B$ as outside particles. When the black hole and the radiation have the maximum entanglement at the Page time, we take an entangled pair system $C$ and $D$. The particles of $C$ fall into the black hole while their counterparts of $D$ remain outside. If we assume rapid mixing of the particle states in the black hole $A \cup C$, can the information of $C$ rapidly escape from the black hole like a mirror? We numerically show that if we turn on the rapid mixing in the black hole, the original information of $C$ rapidly escapes from the black hole to outside in the form of the mutual information between $B$ and $D$. On the other hand, if the mixing between $A$ and $C$ is not enough, the information escapes slowly. Hence, we explicitly demonstrate the original conjecture of Hayden and Preskill. We emphasize that enough mixing is an essential condition to make the Hayden-Preskill protocol functionally work.
알칼리와 고온노출에 의한 GFRP 보강근 손상에 대한 현미경분석 연구
배정명,문도영,박철우,박영환 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2017 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집 Vol.21 No.2
In this experimental study, the characteristic of damages on GFRP rebar exposed to high temperature only and immerged in alkaline solution after the exposure to high temperature was analyzed through microscopic image analysis. The found microcrack and pores in resin matrix were quantitatively compared if there was effect of pre-exposure to high temperature. The damages, such as microcrack and pores in resin matrix, by alkali exposure were mainly found in rebar surface. On the other hand, the pores caused by high temperatures were extensively found in a section and had greater width than those caused by the alkali exposure. In results of the quantitative comparison, the accumulated length and widths of microcrack and pores in resin matrix in pre-exposed GFRP rebar to high temperature were respectively 1.5 and 1.4 times of those in the GFRP rebar only immerged in alkali solution. Therefore, the deterioration of resin matrix by the alkali exposure could be accelerated due to the pre-exposure to high temperature.
대사공학기술을 이용한 기능성 carotenoids 고 생산 감자의 개발 현황
안미정,배정명,이신우 한국식물생명공학회 2010 식물생명공학회지 Vol.37 No.4
감자의 괴경에 비타민 A의 전구물질인 베타 카로텐 또는 항산화활성이 높으나 일반식물에서는 합성되지 않는astaxanthin과 같은 케토형 카로티노이드의 집적을 위한연구가 최근 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 현재까지의 연구결과를 요약하여 보면 β-carotene의 함량이 47 ㎍/g dry weight으로 대조구에 비하여 3,600배 까지 증가한 결과가보고되었다. 또한, 해양 미생물로부터 분리한 β-carotene ketolase 유전자를 도입한 감자의 괴경에서 astaxanthin 등의 케토형 카로티노이드의 함량이 최고 14 ㎍/g dry weight까지 증가하여 감자의 색깔이 붉은 색으로 변하였다고보고하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이들 형질전환 감자의 생산을 위하여 도입한 유전자의 종류, 대사공학적 전략, 문제점 및 향후 연구 방향 등에 관하여 논하고자 하였다. Recently, a number of successful research reports are accumulated to increase the carotenoid level in potato tuber such as β-carotene, precursor of vitamin A and keto-carotenoid like astaxanthin in which is not synthesized in most plants tissue since it does not contain a specific enzyme to add keto-ring in carotenoid molecule. In particular, keto-carotenoids are more interested due to their strong antioxidant activity. Currently, the content of β-carotene was increased up to 3,600-fold (47 ㎍/g dry weight) when compared to the control potato tuber, parental cultivar for genetic modification. In addition,astaxanthin, one of the major keto-carotenoid was accumulated up to 14 ㎍/g dry weight in potato tuber with red color by over expressing the gene encoding β-carotene ketolase isolated from marine microorganisms. In this article, we summarized carotenogenesis-related genes that have been used for metabolic engineering of carotenoid biosynthetic pathway in potato. Furthermore, strategies for the accumulation of carotenoids and ketocarotenoids in specific potato tuber, bottle necks, and future works are discussed.