설탕으로부터 생물학적 전환법에 의해 생산된 팔라티노스의 구조적 특성 규명

박혜령(Hye-Ryung Park),이수정(Sue Jung Lee),임수빈(Su Bin Im),김훈(Hoon Kim),김재환(Jae Hwan Kim),신광순(Kwang-Soon Shin) 한국식품영양과학회 2018 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.47 No.3

Protaminobacter rubrum CBS 574.77의 생물전환법을 통해 설탕으로부터 팔라티노스의 전환을 유도하고, 이를 분석하기 위한 새로운 분석법을 제시하고자 하였다. 설탕으로부터 팔라티노스를 생산하기 위해 30 brix의 설탕 용액에 1%의 α-glucosyltransferase를 첨가한 후 30°C에서 15시간 반응시키는 것이 가장 효율적인 팔라티노스 생산 조건인 것으로 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 설탕으로부터 0.5%의 α-glucosyltransferase를 첨가하여 액상 팔라티노스의 생산을 유도한 후, NaBD4를 이용한 환원 및 CH3I와 NaOHDMSO slurry를 통한 메틸화를 거쳐 GC로 분석하여 30%의 액상 팔라티노스 용액이 조제되었다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이후 preparative LC system을 통해 30% 팔라티노스 용액으로부터 순수한 팔라티노스만을 분획하였으며, 이 획분은 환원 및 메틸화를 거쳐 GC, GC-MS 및 Q-TOF MS로 각각 분석되었다. 결과적으로 환원 및 메틸화를 통한 새로운 분석법은 팔라티노스의 정확한 함량과 구조를 분석하기에 적합한 방법으로 확인되었으며, 이는 NMR spectroscopy를 통해서 다시 한번 검증되었다. This study was conducted to convert palatinose from sugar by biotransformation, and to suggest novel methods for characterizing palatinose. When 30 brix solution of sucrose was incubated with 1% α-glycosyltransferase for 15 h at 30ºC, conversion of sucrose into the palatinose was more effective than under other conditions. In this study, 0.5% α-glycosyltransferase was used to produce a palatinose-sucrose mixture from sucrose solution, after which the mixture was identified as 30% palatinose solution by gas chromatography (GC) analysis following reduction with NaBD4 and methylating with CH3I and NaOH-dimethyl sulfoxide. The pure palatinose fraction was isolated from the 30% palatinose solution using a preparative liquid chromatography system, after which the resulting fraction was analyzed by GC, GC-mass spectrometry (MS), and quadrupole time-of-flight/MS. The results indicate that our novel analytical method was suitable for calculation of exact quantities and identification of precise structures of palatinose. These results were verified again by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

시판양조 및 재래식 조선간장으로부터 분리한 다당의 면역증강 활성 비교

박혜령(Hye-Ryung Park),이문수(Moon-Su Lee),조선영(Sun Young Jo),원혜진(Hye-Jin Won),이현순(Hyun-Sun Lee),이호(Ho Lee),신광순(Kwang-Soon Shin) 한국식품과학회 2012 한국식품과학회지 Vol.44 No.2

현재 우리나라에서 시판되고 있는 대부분의 양조간장은 일본의 koji 방식으로 제조되고 있는 반면, 재래식 조선간장은 자연적으로 미생물이 접종 및 발효된 메주를 이용하여 제조되고 있다. 본 연구는 일본식으로 만들어진 양조간장과 우리나라 전통방식으로 만들어진 재래식 조선간장으로부터 얻어진 다당의 특성과 면역증진활성을 비교하였다. 조선간장 유래 다당인 KTSP-0는 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid(KDO)(1.1%)의 구조를 가지는 rhamnogalacturonan II(RG-II)가 있음을 확인하였다. 양조간장 유래 다당 CSP-0와 KTSP-0의 보체계 활성화능을 측정한 결과 두 시료 모두 농도의존적으로 증가하는 보체계 활성을 가지고 있었으나, 1,000 μg/mL 농도에서 KTSP-0는 64.7%, CSP-0는 56%의 활성을 나타내었다. C3의 보체계 활성 경로를 확인하기 위해 2차원 면역전기영동을 행하였다. 그 결과, CSP-0는 고전경로로만 보체계를 활성화 시키는 반면, KTSP-0는 고전경로와 부경로 모두를 통해 보체계를 활성화 시키는 것으로 나타났다. CSP-0와 KTSP-0는 비장 유래세포와 macrophage에 대한 세포독성이 없음이 확인되었으며, KTSP-0는 활성화된 복강유래 macrophage에서 IL-6는 8-1,000 μg/mL의 비교적 넓은 범위에서, IL-12는 40 μg/mL의 농도에서 cytokine의 분비를 증가시켰다. 본 연구를 통해 양조간장보다 조선간장이 보체계 활성화를 통해 높은 면역 증강 효과를 가지고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. The varying characteristics between traditional and commercial soy sauce may be initiated by raw materials and fermentation techniques for the production of meju and koji. We examined properties regarding polysaccharides isolated from commercial soy sauce made by the koji process (CSP-0) and Korean traditional soy sauce made by the meju process (KTSP-0) as well as their immuno-stimulating activities. KTSP-0 had rhamnogalacturonan II (RG-II) including 1.1% of unusual monosaccharides 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid (KDO). Anti-complementary activities of CSP-0 and KTSP-0 were increased dose-dependently but KTSP-0 (64.7%) was higher than CSP-0 (56%) at 1,000 μg/mL. C3 activation products were identified by crossed immuno-electrophoresis. CSP-0 caused complementary activations via only classical pathway while KTSP-0 caused complementary activations via both alternative and classical pathways. KTSP-0 significantly increased the secretion of interleukin (IL)-6 at 8-1,000 μg/mL and IL-12 at 40 μg/mL on macrophages. The results suggest that the immuno-stimulating activity of KTSP-0 is greater than that of CSP-0 from anti-complementary activity.

녹차 효소 처리 다당의 화학적 특성 및 면역증진 활성

박혜령(Hye-Ryung Park),서형주(Hyung Joo Suh),유광원(Kwang-Won Yu),김태영(Tae Young Kim),신광순(Kwang-Soon Shin) 한국식품영양과학회 2015 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.44 No.5

녹차 성숙잎으로부터 새로운 면역 활성 다당 소재를 개발할 목적으로 녹차잎을 pectinase로 처리하여 조다당 GTE-0을 분리하고 이들의 면역증진 활성과 화학적 특성에 대해 조사하였다. GTE-0은 중성당 54.9%, 산성당 45.1%로 이루어져 있었으며, 구성당 분석 결과 주로 glucose(14.2%), arabinose(12.2%), rhamnose(11.1%) 및 galactose(7.3%)로 구성되어 있었다. 한편 GTE-0은 비특이적 면역계에 있어 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있는 보체계에 대하여 양성대조군 PSK에 준하는 우수한 활성이 농도 의존적으로 나타났다. 또한 GTE-0을 처리하고 검경 시 형태적으로 구분이 가능한 활성화된 대식세포의 숫자가 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 대식 세포의 NO, ROS 및 H₂O₂ 생산에 미치는 GTE-0의 효과를 검토한 결과 ROS와 H₂O₂는 모두 농도 의존적으로 생산량을 증가시키는 우수한 활성을 나타낸 반면, NO의 생산능은 1,000 mg/mL의 고농도에서보다 오히려 100 mg/mL의 저농도에서 더 우수한 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 GTE-0으로 자극한 대식세포는 무처리 대조군에 비해 IL-6, IL-12 및 TNF-α와 같은 다양한 cytokine들의 생산이 농도 의존적으로 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 대식세포의 식작용 활성을 측정한 결과 무처리 대조군에 비해 GTE-0 100 mg/mL 농도 이상 처리하였을 때 우수한 활성을 나타내었다. 또한 활성화된 대식세포의 YAC-1 종양세포주에 대한 치사 활성을 ex vivo로 측정한 결과 100 mg/mL의 농도에서 무처리군 대비 유의적으로 높은 치사 활성을 보였다. 이상의 결과로부터 녹차 성숙잎으로부터 분리된 효소 처리 조다당 GTE-0은 강력한 면역 활성 증진 효과를 갖고 있음을 결론지을 수 있었다. In order to develop new immuno-stimulating ingredients from mature leaves of green tea, crude polysaccharides were isolated from pectinase digests of tea leaves (green tea enzyme digestion, GTE-0), after which their immuno-stimulating activities and chemical properties were examined. GTE-0 mainly contained neutral sugars (54.9%) such as glucose (14.2%), arabinose (12.2%), rhamnose (11.1%), and galacturonic acid (45.1%), which are characteristic of pectic polysaccharides. The anti-complementary activity of GTE-0 was similar to that of polysaccharide K (used as positive control). Number of morphologically activated macrophages was significantly increased in the GTE-0-treated group. GTE-0 significantly augmented H₂O₂ and reactive oxygen species production by murine peritoneal macrophage cells in a dose-dependent manner, whereas production of nitric oxide showed the highest activity at a dose of 100 μg/mL among all tested concentrations. Murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with GTE-0 showed enhanced production of various cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factors-α in a dose-dependent manner. Further, GTE-0 induced higher phagocytic activity in a dose-dependent manner. In ex vivo assay for cytolytic activity of murine peritoneal macrophages, GTE-0-treated group showed significantly higher activity compared to the untreated group at an effector-to-target cell ratio of 20. The above results lead us to conclude that polysaccharides from leaves of green tea have a potent immuno-stimulating effect on murine peritoneal macrophage cells.

석곡 및 병풀 복합 추출물의 피부 색소 침착 방지 및 피부재생 효과

김동명,박혜령,이형곤,권용성,최연매,한인석,Kim, Dong-Myong,Park, Hye-Ryung,Lee, Hyung-Kon,Kwon, Yong-Seong,Choi, Yeon-Mea,Han, In-Suk 한국생약학회 2022 생약학회지 Vol.53 No.2

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of preventing pigmentation caused by external stimuli, promoting skin regeneration and whitening of the skin composition containing complex extract of Dendrobii Caulis and Centella asiatica (CE). We evaluated cell viability, tyrosinase and melanin inhibition activity, skin irritation test, and skin moisturizing and regenerative effects using CE. As a result of the tyrosinase inhibitory activity, 100 ㎍/mL CE (35.31%) showed higher value than kojic acid (21.32%). The results of melanin synthesis inhibition in B16F10 melanoma cells after treatment with α-melanocyte stimulating hormone showed a similar level of activity to that of arbutin, indicating an excellent whitening effect. In clinical test of the skin composition containing CE, we confirmed that CE is non-irritated in human skin primary irritation test as well as have a high skin moisturizing and regenerative effect. From these results, we suggested the CE not only prevents skin damage and pigmentation caused by external stimuli but has remarkable skin brightening activity and skin regeneration effect.

감잎에서 분리한 다당의 면역자극 활성

신영아,박혜령,홍희도,신광순,Shin, Young-A,Park, Hye-Ryung,Hong, Hee-Do,Shin, Kwang-Soon 한국식품영양학회 2012 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.25 No.4

In order to develop new physiologically active polysaccharides from persimmon leaves, two different crude polysaccharides were prepared using hot water (PLW-0) and pectinase digestion (PLE-0) and their immuno-stimulating activities were estimated. PLW-0 and PLE-0 showed similar sugar compositions with 15 different sugars, including rarely observed sugars in general polysaccharides such as 2-O-methyl-fucose, 2-O-methyl-xylose, apiose, aceric acid, 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid, and 3-deoxy-D-lyxo-2-heptulosaric acid, but the uronic acid content of PLE-0 was lower than that of PLW-0 caused by pectinase treatment. Both PLW-0 and PLE-0 showed potent anti-complementary activity in a dose-dependent manner which was similar to a known immuno-stimulating polysaccharide, PSK, from Coriolus versicolor. The activity of PLE-0 at a low concentration ($100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) was higher than that of PLW-0. In an in vitro cytotoxicity analysis, PLW-0 and PLE-0 (up to $1,000{\mu}g/m{\ell}$) did not affect the growth of peritoneal macrophages and Colon 26-M3.1 carcinoma cells. In contrast, they enhanced lymphocyte proliferation activity. Peritoneal macrophages stimulated with PLW-0 and PLE-0 produced various cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-12. However, PLE-0 was more effective on the cytokine production. Intravenous administration of PLW-0 and PLE-0 significantly augmented natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity against Yac-1 tumor cells 3 days after the treatment of polysaccharide fractions. But NK cells obtained from the PLE-treated group showed higher tumoricidal activity even at a low dose of $40{\mu}g$/mouse. In experimental lung metastasis of Colon 26-M3.1 carcinoma cells, prophylactic administration of PLW-0 and PLE-0 significantly inhibited lung metastasis in a dose-dependent manner and PLE-0 was more effective on the inhibition of cancer metasasis. The results lead us to conclude that the pectinase-treated process is indispensable to preparing polysaccharides with higher immune-stimulating activity from persimmon leaves.

진피로부터 분리한 다당의 대식세포를 통한 면역증진 효과

이경애,박혜령,Lee, Kyung-Ae,Park, Hye-Ryung 한국식품영양학회 2021 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.34 No.5

This study was designed to investigate the intracellular signaling pathways and immunoenhancing effect of macrophage activation by crude polysaccharides (CPP) extracted from citrus peels. CPP did not affect the cytotoxicity of RAW264.7 cells, but showed dose-dependent effects on cell viability. Also, CPP showed high production of chemokine (nitric oxide (NO)) and cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α). CPP increased IL-6, TNF-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression dose-dependently. CPP also strongly induced the phosphorylation of the ERK, p38, and IκBα pathways in RAW 264.7 cells. In anti-pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) experiments, the effect of CPP on NO production was strongly suppressed by neutralizing toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, and Dectin1 antibodies, whereas IL-6 and TNF-α production by CPP was mainly suppressed by mannose receptor (MR). Therefore, these results suggest that CPP treatment-induced NO production was regulated by the ERK, p38, and NF-κB pathways through TLR2, TLR4, and Dectin1 receptors, whereas IL-6 and TNF-α production was primarily regulated by the ERK, p38, and NF-κB pathways through MR receptors.

동충하초균으로 발효한 인삼잎에서 분리한 중성다당의 면역활성 및 구조적 특성

차하영(Ha Young Cha),박혜령(Hye-Ryung Park),신광순(Kwang-Soon Shin) 한국식품과학회 2021 한국식품과학회지 Vol.53 No.5

동충하초균으로 발효한 인삼잎의 면역활성과 구조를 규명하기 위하여 조다당(GLF)를 분리하고 구성당과 당쇄 결합양식을 확인한 결과 C. sinensis 유래의 glucan이 주를 이루며 소량의 인삼잎유래 pectic substances가 혼재되어 있을 것이라 추정하였다. 이온교환 수지를 이용해 GLF로부터 중성다당체(GLF1)를 분리하였으며, 이를 lyticase, β-glucosidase 및 α-glucoamylase 효소를 처리한 결과, GLF1은 α-glucoamylase에 의해 가수분해되는 것을 확인함으로써 주로 α-glucan을 함유하고 있음을 추정할 수 있었다. 대식세포 분비능을 측정한 결과, 동충하초균으로 인삼잎을 발효하여 얻은 조다당 GLF가 단순 열수추출 조다당인 GLW보다 더 우수한 활성(Data not shown)과 수율을 보여주었으며, GLF와 GLF1 모두 농도 의존적으로 면역활성이 증가하는 경향과 동일 농도에서 유사한 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 한편 GLF1의 전체구조의 특성을 확인하기 위하여 isoamylase 및 α-amylase 효소를 처리한 결과, isoamylase 처리 획분인 PHI가 72.8%의 glucose로 구성되며 iodine-starch 반응이 증가하는 결과를 보였다. 반면, PHI의 α-amylase 처리 후 분리한 PHIA1, PHIA2 및 PHIA3 획분에서는 iodine-starch 반응이 나타나지 않았으며, 이들의 대식세포 분비능을 확인한 결과 세 가지 획분 모두 어떠한 활성도 나타내지 않음을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 동충하초 발효 인삼잎유래 중성다당은 α-(1→4)-glucan을 주쇄로 존재하며 C(O)-6 위치에서 측쇄가 연결되어 존재하는 α-glucan의 구조를 이루고 있으며, 이들의 면역활성은 α-glucan 전체 구조에서 기인하는 것임을 최종 확인하였다. This study elucidated the biological activities and structural characteristics of polysaccharides isolated from ginseng leaves fermented using Cordyceps sinensis (GLF). GLF comprised at least 18 glycosyl linkages, including 4-linked glucose residues (24.0%). To characterize the neutral polysaccharides in GLF, it was further fractionated by anion exchange chromatography, and the unabsorbed fraction (GLF1) was isolated. Peritoneal macrophages stimulated with GLF1 produced various cytokines in a dose-dependent manner. The properties and activities of the four subfractions (PHI, PHIA1-PHIA3) obtained after sequential enzymatic digestion were examined. PHI and PHIA3 primarily comprised glucose, whereas PHI exhibited an iodine-color reaction. Furthermore, the PHIA1-3 fractions indicated that cytokine production was completely inhibited. These results suggest at the immune activities of GLF1 may be due to the α-(1→4)-glucan branched at the C(O)6 position, which was produced by C. sinensis.

브로콜리로부터 분리한 추출물의 In vitro 면역증진 활성평가 및 화학적 특성

곽봉신 ( Bong-shin Kwak ),박혜령 ( Hye-ryung Park ),이수정 ( Sue Jung Lee ),최혁준 ( Hyuk-joon Choi ),신광순 ( Kwang-soon Shin ) 한국식품영양학회 2017 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.30 No.6

For the purpose of developing new immunomodulatory agents from broccoli, ethanol extract (BCEE), hot water extract (BCHW), and crude polysaccharide (BCCP) were isolated from broccoli, and their immunomodulatory activities and chemical properties were examined. In the in vitro cytotoxicity analysis, BCHW and BCCP did not affect the growth of tumor cells and normal cells. Murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with BCCP showed higher production of IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α cytokines than those stimulated with BCHW. Also, BCHW and BCCP did not show proliferation of splenic lymphocytes. In the in vitro assay for intestinal immunomodulatory activities, only BCCP enhanced GM-CSF secretion and the bone marrow cell-proliferating activity via cells in Peyer’s patches at 1,000 μg/mL. Also, BCHW mainly contained 33.7% neutral sugars, such as arabinose, glucose, and galactose, and 30.7% uronic acid, and BCCP consisted of 42.6% neutral sugars, including arabinose, galactose, and glucose, and 50.5% uronic acid. The above results lead us to conclude that crude polysaccharide (BCCP) isolated from broccoli causes considerably high cytokine production in peritoneal macrophages and bone marrow cell proliferation, and the polysaccharide extraction process is indispensable for separation of new immunomodulatory agents from broccoli.

服飾의 錯視現像에 대한 人問工學的硏究(Ⅰ) : 錯視의 視覺的 메카니즘을 중심으로

朴惠玲,兪泰順 효성여자대학교 산업미술연구소 1991 산업미술 Vol.3 No.-

A functional purpose and selection of apparel promote a visual appearance Hence the purpose of this study promote mutual understandng our visual mechanism and a cause of optical illusion be understanded visual effect to apparel design. A visual phenomenon was analyzed by the theory of a lot of scholar. The results were as follows: ① A visual operation have organizational construction to the external world but the inside have organization of oneself ② A visual phenomenon is related to this brain producing mobile consequence. ③ A visual phenomenon of our vision is illusion and that have distortion. ④ An optical illusion be discovered by careful observation because that it was infuenced by the eye and the brain. ⑤ It is possible that a visual phenomenon affect an effective design of apparel.

가임여성의 연령에 따른 월경전 증후군의 중증도와 유형에 관한 연구

김문주,김상미,김정민,박정림,박혜령,윤지현,이가희,장민경,정현진,최지현 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2010 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.44

Purpose of the Study This study looks into the differences in severity of premenstrual syndrome and types according to age groups, and is a comparative study of a non-experimental study which attempts to set basic future guidelines for studies related to PMS, which is an important task in the field related to women's health. Methods The subjects of this study were female residents of Seoul City, who were detected through PMS screening, a total of 180 women. Furthermore, the subjects were selected by convenience sampling of non-probability sampling. The tools of analysis used were PMS screening and PAF(Premenstrual Assessment Form). The tools used for PMS screening were those used in Jungsoo Jang(2001), 「An Essential Lifetime Health Clinic for Women」. The PAF was formulated by Halbreich and Endicott(1982) and a tool devised by Hyunjung Kang(1998) consisting of 95 questions. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 16.0 and EXCEL computer program. Results 1.Comparing the average of the PMS symptom groups of each age group, for the teens which showed a high average value were in the order of Group 17 and Group 1. For the twenties, Group 17 had the highest average value. For the thirties, the result is the same as the teens's. For the fourties, Group 15 had the greatest average value. 2.From the verification of PMS severity it was concluded that all the groups were greater than p<.05, the numerical value was statistically insignificant. 3.From the examination of the differences in the severity of the symptoms according to age, 5 symptom groups showed a significant difference. Among the groups, Group 12 showed the greatest difference and Group18 showed the least difference. From Group12 (General Physical Discomfort), there was a significant difference between the teens and other groups. From Group18 (Miscellaneous Physical Changes), there was a significant difference only between the teens and twenties. Conclusion 1.There is a need for further studies that verify the overall PMS types of Korean women according to age groups by expanding the number of subjects according to age groups and the regions subject to study. 2.Since this study used the PAF and the symptoms of the 18groups included to examine the PMS symptom types, there is a need for attempts for further studies which use tools that incorporate symptoms that have been omitted in order to re-verify the PMS symptom types according to age groups.