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이상훈 ( Sang-hoon Lee ),이충혁 ( Chung Hyeok Lee ),김정수 ( Joung Soo Kim ),박미연 ( Mi Youn Park ),정찬우 ( Chan Woo Jeong ),이상준 ( Sang Jun Lee ),최응호 ( Eung Ho Choi ) 대한피부과학회 2021 대한피부과학회지 Vol.59 No.1
Background: Increasing numbers of individuals are getting tattoos in recent times; however, the possible adverse effects of tattoos performed by non-medical practitioners are often overlooked. Limited information is available regarding the actual numbers of individuals getting tattoos and the perception regarding tattoos in the general population. Objective: We investigated the prevalence of tattoos and public perception of tattoos. Methods: Between August and September 2019, we performed a questionnaire survey that included 1,000 individuals aged ≥20 years. Results: Among the 1,000 participants in this survey, 370 (37%) had received a tattoo; the number of participants with cosmetic tattoos (68.4%) was nearly 2-fold higher than the number of participants with body tattoos (31.6%). The most common motivation for getting a tattoo was “for beauty” (44.9%), followed by “convenience of make-up” (34.1%), and “recommendation from friends or others” (14.6%). In the tattoo-related satisfaction category, information regarding injected dye-induced adverse effects, facility hygiene, and pre-allergy testing were commonly rated as unsatisfactory by respondents. Only 322 (32.2%) participants were aware that semi-permanent tattoos could not be erased. Furthermore, 780 (78.0%) participants had a negative impression regarding body tattoos, and 844 (84.4%) participants preferred to get tattoos at specialized medical institutions based on the national regulations to minimize possible tattoo-induced adverse effects. Conclusion: This study confirmed that a relatively large number of individuals had received tattoos but had a negative impression regarding this procedure. Educational and institutional management for public safety are necessary owing to a lack of awareness regarding tattoos and tattoo-related safety. (Korean J Dermatol 2021;59(1): 15∼24)
저장 중 무화과(Ficus carica L) 선도유지를 위한 고농도 이산화탄소 처리된 포장 시스템 적용 연구
김정수 ( Jung Soo Kim ),정대성 ( Dae Sung Chung ),이윤석 ( Youn Suk Lee ) 한국식품저장유통학회(구 한국농산물저장유통학회) 2012 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.19 No.6
본 연구는 국내 무화과의 저장 중 품질 개선효과를 관찰하기 위하여 고농도 CO(2) 처리와 미세천공포장 필름을 적용하였다. 포장된 내부의 고농도 CO(2) 처리를 위하여 70%의 초기 CO(2)로 유지하였으며, 가스투과도가 다른 포장재들(일반 OPP필름과 미세천공 MP필름)로 밀봉하여 5와 25℃의 저장조건에서 수확 후 무화과의 선도유지를 평가하였다. 70% 이상의 고농도 CO(2)로 전처리한 무화과의 중량 감소율과 경도, 부패과 발생율이 무처리구와 비교하여 선도유지에 긍정적인 효과가 있음을 관찰한 결과를 기반으로 70%고농도 CO(2)처리와 포장재로 밀봉한 무화과의 저장실험에서 일반 OPP필름, 일반 OPP필름+70% CO(2) 미세천공 MP필름+70% CO(2) 처리구가 중량감소율, 경도, 부패율 감소에 효과가 있음을 확인하였다. 그중 미세천공 필름에 70%의 고농도 CO(2)로 충진하여 밀봉 포장한 무화과가 저장기간 동안 호흡률 및 포장재의 가스투과도로 인한 포장내부에 변화된 환경을 최적조건으로 유지시켜 주는 것으로 관찰되었다. 따라서 고농도 CO(2)처리된 미체천공 필름을 적용한 포장설계는 수확 후 무화과의 선도유지 개선에 큰 효과를 가져다줄 뿐만 아니라 유통과정 중 쉽게 발생할 수 있는 물리적 충격에 인한 외형적 손상으로부터 무화과의 상품성을 유지할 수 있는 효과 또한 기대할 수 있다. This experiment was conducted to establish the optimum conditions for high CO2 gas treatment in combination with a proper gas-permeable packaging film to maintain the quality of fig fruit (Ficus carica L). Among the fig fruits with different high CO2 treatments, the quality change was most effectively controlled during storage in the 70%-CO2-treated fig fruit. Harvested fig fruit was packaged using microperforated oriented polypropylene (MP) film to maintain the optimum gas concentrations in the headspace of packaging for the modified-atmosphere system. MP film had an oxygen transmission rate of about 10,295 cm(3)/m(2)/day/atm at 25℃. The weight loss, firmness, soluble-solid content (SSC), acidity (pH), skin color (Hunter L, a, b), and decay ratio of the fig fruits were monitored during storage at 5 and 25℃. The results of this study showed that the OPP film, OPP film + 70% CO(2), and MP film+70% CO(2) were highly effective in reducing the loss rate, firmness and decay occurrence rate of fig fruits that were packaged with them during storage. In the case of using treatments with packages of OPP film and OPP film+70% CO(2), however, adverse effects like package bursting or physiological injury of the fig may occur due to the gas pressure or long exposure to CO(2). Therefore, the results indicated that MP film containing 70% CO(2) can be used as an effective treatment to extend the freshness of fig fruits for storage at a proper low temperature.
임상연구 : 마취 중 H1-수용체 길항제 투여에 의한 혈역학적 변화에 대한 고찰
함태수 ( Tae Soo Hahm ),김정수 ( Chung Soo Kim ),구명신 ( Myong Shin Koo ),신병섭 ( Byung Seop Shin ),황희윤 ( Hee Youn Hwang ),이상민 ( Sang Min Lee ),조현성 ( Hyun Sung Cho ) 대한마취과학회 2006 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.51 No.4
Background: Antihistamine agents are one of the most common drugs used during perioperative periods. As histamine can cause various hemodynamic reactions, administration of antihistamine can also result in unexpected responses. Therefore, we investigated what kind of hemodynamic changes might occur after the administration of antihistamine. Methods: We prospectively performed this study on 12 patients who underwent lung surgery. After induction of anesthesia, Swan-Ganz catheter was introduced and continuous arterial blood pressure was checked via radial arterial catheterization. Initial hemodynamic parameters were checked. Based on these parameters, we calculated systemic vascular resistance (SVR), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). After administration of chlorpheniramine maleate 8 mg, hemodynamic parameters were checked and calculated at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 15 minute. Then, we made comparisons of these values with initial values. It is commonly recommended to maintain hemodynamic values within 20% of baseline for safe use of a drug. Results: SVR and PVR failed to show statistically significant changes. Heart rates were increased only at 2 minute after administration of chlorpheniramine maleate. Blood pressures were increased but returned to basal level within 4 minutes. Cardiac output showed statistically significant increase until 8 minutes. However, the changes of hemodynamic values were maintained within 20% of basal levels. Conclusions: Chlorpheniramine maleate is observed to cause statistically significant hemodynamic change after intravenous administration during anesthesia. But the changes were within 20% of basal levels, and we can safely use chlorpheniramine maleate 8 mg IV in the view of hemodynamic changes. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 51: 395~9)
실험연구 : 잡견에서 Bupivacaine의 주입에 의한 심장 독성 발생 시 시행한 심폐소생술에서 인슐린 부가 효과의 연구
함태수 ( Tae Soo Hahm ),신병섭 ( Byung Seop Shin ),김정수 ( Chung Su Kim ),이상민 ( Sang Min Lee ),여진석 ( Jin Seok Yeo ),황희윤 ( Hee Youn Hwang ),이국현 ( Kook Hyun Lee ),조현성 ( Hyun Sung Cho ) 대한마취과학회 2006 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.50 No.5
Background: Because of the difficulty of resuscitation caused by bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity, the choice of resuscitation medication is still unclear. We investigated whether insulin can improve outcomes of resuscitation by epinephrine from bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular collapse. Methods: Twenty-four mongrel dogs were randomly allocated to one of the two groups: an EPI group (n = 12), and an EPI + RI group (n = 12). Sixty minutes after induction of general anesthesia, baseline measurement of hemodynamic parameters and arterial blood gas tension was performed. Bupivacaine infusion was started at a rate of 0.5 mg/kg/min and kept until mean arterial blood pressure fell below 40 mmHg and heart rate 40 beats per minute. At this point, bupivacaine infusion was stopped and resuscitation was started, with epinephrine in EPI group and epinephrine combined with regular insulin in EPI + RI group. Results: Bupivacaine infusion caused significant decreases in mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, and systemic vascular resistance and increases in mean pulmonary blood pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and central venous pressure. The recovery rate of EPI + RI group (8/12) was higher than that of EPI group (2/12). Conclusions: Combined administration of epinephrine and regular insulin improves outcomes of resuscitation of bupivacaine-induced cardiovascular collapse. Therefore, we believe that prompt administration of insulin should be strongly considered in case of bupivacaine-induced cardiotoxicity. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 50: 579~84)