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김상구 ( Kim Sang Gu ),손희종 ( Son Hui Jong ),노재순 ( No Jae Sun ),최동훈 ( Choe Dong Hun ),배석문 ( Bae Seog Mun ),권기원 ( Kwon Gi Won ),신판세 ( Sin Pan Se ),김원경 ( Kim Won Gyeong ) 한국수처리학회 2003 한국수처리학회지 Vol.11 No.3
N/A The performance of a novel magnetic ion exchange resin supplied by its manufacturer Orica Australia(M1EX? DOC Resin) in terms of the removal of dissolved organic carbon(DOC). reduction in disinfection by-product formation potential, and effects on the removal of turbidity has been investigated. Two water samples(Maeri and prepared raw waters) were first treated with MIEX? at various doses and contact times, followed by conventional coagulation. Measurements of DOC. UV-254. THMFP, HAAFP and turbidity were made at each stage. In addition, readings of anions, including Br- were also obtained. For comparison, conventional coagulation/sedimentation alone was carried out using fixed levels of coagulant of 60㎎/L for Maeri water, and 100 ㎎/l for prepared water respectively. The UV-254 and DOC removals by MIEX? treatment were shown to be superior to cuagulation, ie better by 11-40% and 20-26% for Maeri and prepared raw water respectively. Further coagulation of the 10 mL/L MIEX? treated waters to control turbidity increased the DOC removal by -16%. As MIEX? dose and contact time increased, the additional DOC removal by coagulation showed corresponding decreases. The DOC removal efficiencies by MIEX? treatment alone were 71% and 82% with Maeri and prepared raw waters respectively. while the corresponding figures achieved by coagulation alone were 48% and 49% respectively. The combination of MIEX? and coagulation(main1y to achieve treatment standard for turbidity) in series yielded DOC removal efficiencies of 83% and 88% for the two waters. The reduction in THMFP by MIEX? treatment was better than that achieved by coagulation by 20-49%. More significantly, MIEX? treatment delivered a reduction of HAAFP which was 50% better than that delivered by coagulation. However, the combination of MIEX? and coagulation, when compared with MIEX? treatment alone, showed only marginal improvements in THMFP and HAAFP. indicating that as a pre-treatment method, MIEX? was particularly effective in removing DBP precursors. MIEX? treatment significantly reduced the dose of coagulant which would be needed for turbidity control. In order to reduce the turbidity from 18(Maeri water) and 27 NTU(prepared raw water) to ( 2 NTU, MIEX? pre-treated water samples only required coagulant doses which were up to 80% less than those involved when coagulation alone was used. However. after MIEX? pre-treatment, low alkalinity waters(1ess than 20 ㎎/L) only showed a slight decrease in turbidity. Most anions in water decreased with MIEX? dose and contact time with Br- showing a reduction of up to 70% while Cl- showing a slight increase due to the effect of resin regeneration. This research showed that for Maeri water(5 ㎎/L DOC and 30 NTU), the pre-treatment with MIEX? dose of 10-16 mL/L and a contact time of 30 minutes yielded optimum results for DOC and DBP control. Coagulant dosage for turbidity control in this case decreased by as much as 20-30 ㎎/L(80%).
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김종안 ( Jong An Kim ),길청순 ( Cheong Soon Kil ),김기태 ( Gi Tae Kim ),김원경 ( Won Gyeong Kim ) 한국농촌지도학회 2013 농촌지도와 개발 Vol.20 No.3
이 연구의 목적은 한국 농업·농촌의 쇠퇴와 공동화 위기에 대응하기 위한 새로운 농업경영 주체로서 마을단위 농업경영체의 조직전략 및 운영요소를 도출하는데 있다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 지역농업조직화 이론의 틀 속에서 마을단위 공동경영에 대한 한국과 일본의 최신 논의 동향을 검토하였으며, 마을단위공동경영 사례에 대한 조직관리 및 경영관리 실태를 조사였다. 이를 통해 한국농업·농촌의 현실 여건에 적합한 조직전략 및 운영요소를 도출하고자 하였다. 이 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 마을단위 농업경영체는 농업생산의 효율화만을 추구하는 단순한 협업조직이 아니며 ‘농업생산력 유지, 농업소득 증진, 농촌사회 유지’라는 복합적 목적을 달성하기 위한 공동 경영체이다. 이러한 관점을 반영하여 본 논문에서는 마을단위 농업경영체를 ‘농업생산력 유지, 농업소득 증진, 농촌사회 유지 등을 달성하기 위해 다수의 농업인과 주민이 협조적, 집단적, 조직적 의사결정을 통해 개별적으로 보유한 농업자원을 마을 단위로 공동으로 이용하거나 공동 자본을 조성하여 운영하는 법인’으로 정의하였다. 둘째, 마을단위 공동경영을 실천하는 국내 사례에 대한 조사 결과 공동경영의 영역은 ‘생산’보다는 ‘가공, 유통. 체험’ 등 2∼3차 영역에 집중되어 있었다. 소규모 전업농이 다수를 차지하는 국내 농업구조에서는 일본 수도작 지역의 집락영농 유형과 같이 ‘1마을 1농장’ 방식의 경영통합은 쉽지 않은 상황이다. 또한 마을단위 농업경영체는 ‘생활공동체’ 성격과 ‘농업경영체’ 성격을 동시에 갖고 있기 때문에 조직운영 방식과 의사결정 체계도 두 가지 틀 속에서 구성되어야 한다. 이러한 관점을 반영하여 본 논문에서는 마을단위 농업경영체의 추진체계, 최고의사결정기구의 조직관리 요소, 사업조직 관리 요소, 단계별 운영요소, 공동 농작업 관리 요소, 조직전략 수립요소 등을 제시하였다. 셋째, 마을단위 농업경영체를 활성화하기 위한 정책지원 방향에 대해서는 한국 농업·농촌의 사회문화적 특성, 각각의 마을 여건 등을 고려하여 획일화된 지원보다는 마을단위농업경영체를 설립하고 운영해나가는 일련의 과정을 지원하고 활동을 촉진할 수있는 퍼실리테이션(facilitation) 방식의 지원 시스템을 제안하였다. This study attempts to elicit the organizational strategy and operational elements of community-based agricultural management bodies as new main farm management. We analyzed the newest discussion trend, cooperated community management, between Republic of Korea and Japan based on theory of organizing regional agriculture, and also researched on the organization management and business management about cooperated management of community. In this study, the main conclusion of the organizational strategy and operational elements of community-based agricultural management bodies are as following. ⅰ) The community-based agricultural management bodies is the cooperation managed individual agriculture resources as joint stock for purposing compound goal, an expansion agricultural income, maintenance farm productivity and rural societies. ⅱ) The domain of cooperative management focus on secondary and tertiary industry like food process, farm produce distribution, rural experience more than farm produce production. The study suggest business promotion system of village unit farmers groups, element of organization management as executive decision organization, business management, operating factor for each steps and management element of cooperation farm working. ⅲ) The policy direction for invigoration community-based agricultural management bodies is to make facilitation for each steps instead of standardized support.
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메트로놈을 사용한 일정한 페이스의 등장성 운동시 근활성도 및 근육 피로도 관찰
최준원,송창현,김종민,정운모,김원경,김한성,Jun won Choi,Chang hyun Song,Jong min Kim,Woon Mo Jung,Won Gyeong Kim,Han Sung Kim 대한의용생체공학회 2023 의공학회지 Vol.44 No.4
This study attempted to observe muscle activity and muscle fatigue among isotonic exercise of Biceps Brachii and Deltoidus Medius, which correspond to upper limb muscles, using metronome. For the experiment, 13 adult men participated to evaluate biosignals (ECG, EMG). For quantitative evaluation, 1RM and MVIC test were carried out and a constant pace isotonic excise session was conducted. Five sets of exercise were performed, and each set proceeded to the failure point while the speed condition (30bpm) was assigned. As a result of the experiment, muscle activity in both muscles was significantly reduced in fifth set compared to first set. Muscle fatigue has been confirmed to occur at a significant level within the set, but there was only a significant difference in both muscles in the first and second sets between sets. This is similar to the results of previous studies that gives the same rest time(2min), but further research is needed to see if the conditions for the number of repetitions are affected. Based on the recent increase of interest in muscle strength exercise, this study was conducted to observe the results by varying the conditions of common exercise.
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대퇴 골두 골괴사에서 시행한 자가 골수 이식술의 중기 추시 관찰 결과
이수호 ( Soo Ho Lee ),심경보 ( Gyeong Bo Sim ),이준범 ( Jun Bum Lee ),김원경 ( Won Kyeong Kim ) 대한고관절학회 2014 Hip and Pelvis Vol.26 No.1
목적: 대퇴 골두 골괴사 초기 단계에 시행한 자가 골수 이식술의 중기 임상적 결과 및 방사선학적 결과를 평가하고 예후 인자를 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2003년 11월부터 2008년 4월까지 자가 골수 이식술을 시행 받은 초기 대퇴 골두 골괴사 환자 105명(113예) 중 5년 이상 추시 가능하였던 93명(101예)를 대상으로 하였다. 임상적 평가로 술 전과 최종 추시 시 Harris 고관절 점수를 측정하였고 인공관절 치환술로 전환한 시점과 대퇴 골두함몰의 진행 여부를 기준으로 생존율을 구하였다. 방사선학적으로는 자기 공명 영상에서 괴사의 상대면적과 괴사각의 유의한 변화가 있는지를 평가하였다. 나이, 성별, 원인 인자, 병기, 괴사의 상대적 면적 및 위치에 따른 생존율 분석을 통해 예후 인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 결과: 평균 Harris 고관절 점수는 최종 추시 시 술 전에 비해 의미 있는 변화를 보이지 않았다. 101예 중 35예에서 인공관절 치환술을 시행하였으며 6예에서 대퇴 골두 함몰 소견이 관찰되었다. 이 중 스테로이드가 원인인 경우, 괴사가 외측에 위치한 경우, 초기 괴사 면적이 크거나 괴사각이 큰 경우에는 의미 있는 생존율 저하를 보였으나 나이, 성별, 진단 시 병기 등은 생존율 저하에 의미 있는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 결론: 자가 골수 이식술은 초기 대퇴 골두 골괴사 환자들의 임상적 양상을 호전시키고 방사선학적으로 진행하는 것을 지연시킬 수 있는 치료 방법으로 여겨졌으나 중기 관찰 결과 일반적인 대퇴 골두 골괴사의 자연 병력과 유사한 변화를 보였다. Purpose: This study evaluated mid-term clinical and radiological results of autologous bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for early stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) and analyzed prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: From November 2003 to April 2008, 101 hips of 93 patients with early stage ONFH who underwent autologous BMT were followed for at least five years. For clinical results, preoperative and postoperative Harris hip scores (HHS) were evaluated and survival rate was obtained at the point of performing total hip arthroplasty or femoral head collapse progression. Radiologic results were assessed by changes in necrosis size on magnetic resonance imaging performed preoperative and postoperatively. For evaluation ofprognostic factors, survival rate was analyzed according to age, gender, etiology, stage, necrosis size, and location. Results: Averaged HHS at latest follow up showed no significant change in comparison with preoperative HHS. Of 101 hips, 35 hips required arthroplasty and six hips were running head collapse. Groups with use of steroid, lateral location of necrosis, large size of necrosis, or large necrotic angles showed lower survival rate. However, age, gender, and stage had no effect. Conclusion: In early days, autologous BMT for early ONFH can be considered as a treatment for improvement of clinical features and delay of radiologic progress. However, after some years, there was no effect compared with the natural course of ONFH.
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