리더십을 완성하는 인재등용과 유학의 팔로워십에 관한 연구 ― 『서경』「열명」편을 중심으로 ―

권경자 ( Kwon Kyoung-ja ) 동양철학연구회 2021 東洋哲學硏究 Vol.105 No.-

본 연구는 ‘추종자정신’을 의미하는 팔로워십을 『서경』「열명」편을 통해 살펴보았다. 은(殷)나라 22대 왕인 고종(高宗)의 리더십을 완성하는 부열(傅說)의 팔로워십을 통해 인재등용의 중요성과 팔로워의 역할을 알아보았다. 당시 리더와 팔로워는 주종(主從)관계였지만 서로를 존중하고 배려하며 협력하고 신뢰함으로써 진정한 리더십과 팔로워십을 펼칠수 있었다. 특히 부열은 신하이면서 파트너였고 스승이었다. 이는 나라와 백성에게까지 영향을 미쳐 은나라의 전성기를 이룬다. 고종의 존중의 리더십과 부열의 주도적이고 헌신적이며 실천적인 팔로워십은 시대를 넘어 리더와 팔로워가 지녀야 할 자질이다. 능력과 인성을 겸비한 인재를 찾아 등용함으로써 국가의 품격과 백성의 삶을 풍요롭게 한 고종에게는 지인(知人)과 용인(用人), 득인(得人)의 리더십이 있었다. 이것은 부열의 팔로워십으로 이어졌다. 리더와 팔로워가 서로를 존중하고 신뢰하는 파트너가 되어 시너지를 일으킬 때 구성원 모두 제 역할하는 상생의 조직이 될 수 있음을 보여줬다. 지금 세상은 장벽과 경계를 넘어 언제 어디서나 접속하여 일할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 혼자서도 모든 것을 할 수 있는 유비쿼터스(Ubiquitous)의 환경에 진입했다. 그 어느 때보다 리더와 팔로워의 신뢰가 중요해졌으며 리더십과 팔로워십이 강조되고 있다. 본 연구는 리더와 함께 조직을 이끌고 조화를 이루는 팔로워십을 살펴봄으로써 인재등용의 중요성을 알아본다. This study looks for followership symbolizing ‘the spirit of a follower’ in the volumes ‘Yueming(說命)’ of ‘Shūjīng(書經)’. Through the followership of Buyeol(傅說) that completed the leadership of Gojong(高宗), the 22nd king of the Yin(殷) Dynasty, we observed the importance of selecting fit personnel for high positions and the role of a follower. At the time, a leader and follower were in a master-servant relationship but true leadership and followership was achieved only with true respect, consideration, and trust. In particular, Buyeol simultaneously executed the role of a liege and partner, as well as the role of a teacher who helped and led Gojong. Through such a feat, the renaissance of the Yin Dynasty was established by affecting the nation and people. The leadership and followership displayed by Gojong and Buyeol must be achieved by us today. Gojong particularly enriched the nation’s dignity and people’s lives by appointing personnel equipped with talent and character; he had the three types of leadership traits of recognizing, appointing, and acquiring talented people. Based on this, Buyeol’s followership of providing proper direction to the leader and helping him to behave correctly was exhibited. In other words, the success of leadership begins with selecting fit personnel for high positions. When proper talent is appointed, the leader and follower become respectful partners that create a synergy, enabling the organization and members to achieve their dream. We are currently living in a ubiquitous world in which we can access anything, anywhere, by oneself due to the development of the internet. However, one equally needs companions and followers in this age as well. This study aims to observe the importance of combining talent suitable for this age, character that expands talent, and followership that creates communal harmony.

정신과 병동 간호사의 업무환경, 기분상태가 직무 만족에 미치는 영향

권경자(Kyoung-Ja Kwon),주민선(Min-Sun Chu),권정애(Jung-Ae Kwon),김정아(Jung-A Kim) 한국생활환경학회 2009 한국생활환경학회지 Vol.16 No.3

This study is a descriptive correlational study to investigate the impact of work environment and mood status on job satisfaction of 113 nurses working at 7 psychiatric wards. A self-reported questionnaire used to collect data and collected data was analyzed on SPSS WIN 16.0. There were significant differences in self realization and nervousness according to gender, and in workload according to gender, marital status, and position. Job satisfaction positively correlated with self realization of work environment and negatively correlated with workload, conflict and nervousness of work environment. Job satisfaction also positively correlated with the vigor and negatively correlatied with anger, fatigue and total mood disturbance. The predictors of job satisfaction of psychiatric nurses were self realization and vigor. The enhancement of self realization in work environment and the development a personnel management strategies for reinforcing the vigorous mood of nurses could be increase the job satisfaction of psychiatric nurses.

장자(莊子)의 초월의지(超越意志)에 관한 고찰(考察)

권경자 ( Kyoung Ja Kwon ) 東洋哲學硏究會 2007 東洋哲學硏究 Vol.49 No.-

2300년 전 전국시대라는 혼란기를 살았던 장자는 당시 혼란을 다스릴 수 있는 여러 해법을 제시하는 여느 사상가들과 달리 無爲의 삶을 제시하면서 時·空間, 삶과 죽음 사이의 존재라는 인간의 한계를 넘어 자유로운 삶을 사는 길을 제시하였다. 그는 다양한 문학적 언어를 차용하여 자신의 사상을 펼쳤는데, 鯤과 鵬을 통해서 한계를 뛰어넘어 無限의 세계를 노니는 자유로운 존재를, 쓸모없는 나무를 통해서 無用의 大用을, 나비의 꿈을 통해 物化를 말한 장자는 제도와 현실에 얽매인 인간이 자유로운 존재가 되기 위해서는 유한을 넘어 무한으로 나아가는 초월의지가 있어야 함을 역설한다. 이 논문은 이와 같은 문학적 소품을 가지고 장자의 超越意志를 고찰하였다. 그리고 장자가 제시하는 道와 그 道를 이루는 수양법인 心齋와 坐忘을 통하여 현실세계, 삶과 죽음, 시간과 공간 사이에 존재하는 유한한 존재가 무한한 존재로 거듭나 자유로운 존재가 될 수 있는 莊子的 解法을 살펴보았다. 형이상학적이고 심오해서 멀게 느껴지고 알 수 없고 볼 수 없는 도가 아닌, 먹고 마시고 잠자고 생활하는, 존재의 근원에 내재하면서도 한계 지을 수 없는 장자의 道는 有限(유한)의 세계에 굳건히 발 딛고 있으면서 무한까지 아우르는 세계관으로, 욕망이라는 이름이 붙여진 전차를 타고 전속력으로 달리며 자유를 갈구하는 현대인들에게도 참다운 삶의 방식을 제시할 것이다. Zhuangzi lived 2300 years ago in the chaotic times of the Warring States. Very different to other thinkers of that time his philosophical aim was a life without any attachments(無爲). He tried to free all human beings from their boundaries made by time, space, life and death. He borrowed various literary devices to explain his philosophy. The fish kun(鯤) and the bird peng(鵬) symbolize free existence in a world without any boundaries. A useless tree shows how useful things can be that everybody thinks to be useless. In the butterfly dream Zhuangzi tells us how much we are attached to systems and "reality". He emphasizes that the key to free existence without any boundaries is the transcendental will. In this paper I focused on the literary devices mentioned above and examined the transcendental will. I also analyzed the dao(道) and Zhuangzi`s way of mental training. He presents two ways of freeing the human being from his boundaries, one is called xinzhai(心齋: calming the mind) the other zuowang(坐忘: forgetting). Zhuangzi`s dao is neither metaphysical nor difficult to understand. His dao can be found in everyday life, in eating, drinking or sleeping. But his dao does not care for boundaries. It combines the bounded world with boundlessness. In this way Zhuangzi gives especially us today a key to a life worth living. He shows us how to get rid of all desires we are suffering from and leads us to real freedom.

시스템다이내믹스를 이용한 혈액투석실 간호인력 산정 연구

김문실 (Kim, Moon Sil),권경자 (Kwon, Kyoung Ja),최송희 (Choi, Sung Hee) 병원간호사회 2008 임상간호연구 Vol.14 No.2

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the cause-effect and dynamic change mechanism among factors that affect calculation of the nursing workforce in the hemodialysis room and to establish a system dynamics model and create a strategic simulation to be used to increase efficiency in the clinical situation. Method: The system dynamics approach was adapted to build a simulation model for calculating the nursing workforce. The model was built using Vensim 5.0b DSS. Results: The results were as follows for Scenario A: The highest level of nursing service quality, patient satisfaction, and nurse satisfaction, and the lowest level of turnover intention is maintained when the ratio of patients to nurse is 3.5:1 compared to all other situations. Scenario B: At the ratio of patients to nurse 4.0:1 nursing service quality, patient satisfaction, and nurse satisfaction dropped slightly, and turnover intention also rose slightly. However with time the results showed improvement. Conclusion: In terms of economic efficiency in the hemodialysis room, the ratio of patients to nurse for the best nursing workforce should not exceed 4.0:1.

여성 경영인의 노인 시설 운영 경험에 관한 연구

김문실 ( Moon Sil Kim ),권경자 ( Kyoung Ja Kwon ),이승희 ( Sung Hee Lee ) 이화여자대학교 간호과학연구소 2004 Health & Nursing Vol.16 No.1

실천적 인성리더 양성을 위한 미래형 수업 모델 개발 연구 ─ 성균 ‘仁’ Dream ─

高在錫 ( Go Jae-suk ),權敬子 ( Won Yong-joon ),金庾坤 ( Kwon Kyoung-ja ),元勇準 ( Kim You-gon ) 한국유교학회 2014 유교사상문화연구 Vol.58 No.-

본 연구팀의 < 성균 ‘仁’ DREAM >은 동아시아 사상문화의 토대를 이루었던 고전의 지혜와 수업에 활력과 깊이를 더해주는 혁신적 교수법 ‘Flipped Classroom’의 결합을 통해, 대학인성리더양성의 미래형 교육의 미래형 실천적 수업 모델을 만드는데 목적을 두고 있다. 21세기 문턱을 넘은 세계는 인성리더에 대한 기존의 가치기준을 근본적으로 수정하고, 새로운 방식의 보완이나 또 다른 패러다임의 전환을 시도하고 있다. 근대화의 상징이었던 ‘찻잔’과 같은 기능적 지식인이나 ‘똑똑한 바보’와 같은 편협한 전문가는 더 이상 ‘최고 인재’가 될 수 없다. 대학은 앞 다투어 지성과 인성을 겸비하고, 폭 넓은 시각으로 전체를 바라볼 수 있는 전인적 인재양성을 하는데 그 방향을 선회하고 있다. 많은 대학들이 교육의 비전, 발전계획, 교육과정개편 등을 제시할 때 인성교육을 강화하고 있음을 보여주고자 노력하고 있는 사실은 이를 증명한다. 그러나 인성 교육에 대한 각 대학들의 의지에 비해 실제로 각 대학에서 학생들의 인성 함양을 위하여 무엇을 어떻게 가르쳐야 하는가라는 인성 교육 콘텐츠의 문제에 들어가면 빈약하다는 느낌을 지울 수 없다. 많은 경우가 이론교육 내지는 사회봉사라는 측면에서 벗어나고 있지 못하며, 서구식 인성이론이나 종교적 기반에 의지하는 경향성을 보이고 있다. 그런 면에서 ‘수신 · 제가ㆍ치국ㆍ평천하’로 요약되는 동아시아 고유의 가치를 현대적으로 응용하고, 학습의 주도권을 학생으로 옮겨주는 Flipped Classroom 혁신교수법 적용은 인성교육의 다원적 패러다임을 제시하고, 이론위주의 매너리즘을 극복하고 효과적으로 학생들을 교육할 수 있는 미래형 수업 모델이며, 향후 동아시아 인성리더십 교육의 새로운 패러다임을 구축하는데 기여할 것으로 전망된다. The purpose of < SUNGKYUN IN DREAM > is to establish a future class model for the practical training of moral leaders in colleges through the incorporation of an innovative teaching method, the “Flipped Classroom,” that adds vigor and depth to classical wisdom and learning, the foundation of East Asian ideas and cultures. The 21st century has attempted to fundamentally revise the standards of traditional values for moral leaders, develop new methods, and switch to a different educational paradigm. Mechanical intellectuals, as expressed in the metaphor of the “tea cup”―the symbol of modernization―or one-track specialists (so-called “smart fools”) can no longer be the “top talents.” Universities are eagerly taking turns to cultivate holistic talents who have the qualities of both intelligence and humanism and can perceive the world from diverse perspectives. This is evident from the number of universities attempting to demonstrate their advocacy for moral education through their educational visions, development plans, and curriculum reforms. However, in reality, when it comes to the contents of moral education, such as what to teach in order to cultivate character, universities inevitably convey an impression of not matching up to their declared visions and intentions. In many cases, they cannot overcome theory-oriented education or social services, and show a tendency to rely on Western personality theories or religious foundations. The innovative teaching method of the Flipped Classroom, which involves the application of East Asia-specific traditional values, as epitomized by the famous Confucian saying “Self-discipline is the basis for managing the house and governing the nation, and ultimately bringing the world peace,” to a modern setting and which provides learning initiatives for students, is a “futuristic class model” that can both overcome typical mannerisms and effectively cultivate students’ moral character. In the future, Flipped Classroom, the innovative teaching method that transforms the above mentioned saying into a reality, is expected to help establish and consolidate a new paradigm for moral leadership education in East Asia.

사회복지사가 지각하는 윤리풍토가 경력몰입에 미치는 영향

최상훈 ( Sang Hoon Choi ),김정아 ( Jung A Kim ),권경자 ( Kyoung Ja Kwon ) 한국사회복지연구회 2011 사회복지연구 Vol.42 No.1

본 연구는 사회복지사들이 지각하는 사회복지조직의 윤리풍토를 확인하고, 윤리풍토가 경력몰입에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 시도하였다. 이를 통해 사회복지조직의 윤리풍토를 긍정적으로 개선함과 동시에 사회복지사의 경력몰입을 증진시킬 수 있는 전략에 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다. 본 연구는 사회복지기관에 근무하는 사회복지사 155명을 대상으로 수행하였다. 사회복지사가 지각하는 윤리풍토는 법과 전문코드형 윤리풍토, 사회적 책임형, 효율성형을 높게 인지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 사회복지사가 지각하는 윤리풍토가 경력몰입에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 개인이익형 윤리풍토를 지각할수록 경력몰입에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤으며 법과 전문코드형 윤리풍토를 지각할수록 사회복지사의 경력몰입에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 사회복지조직의 경력몰입을 증진시키기 위해 법과 코드형 및 효율성형 윤리풍토를 정착시키고 발전시킬 수 있는 효율적인 조직 윤리풍토 관리 전략이 적극적으로 모색되어야 할 것이다. 또한 사회복지조직의 개별적 특성에 맞는 윤리 교육 프로그램 및 경력몰입을 증진시킬 수 있는 경력개발 프로그램의 개발이 필요하다. This study is a descriptive correlational study to investigate the impact of ethical climate type on career commitment of 155 social worker working at 9 social welfare facility. A self-reported questionnaire used to collect data and collected data was analyzed on SPSS WIN 16.0. The higher mean sore of ethical climate was Low & professional code and Social responsibility. The predictors of career commitment of social worker were low-professional code, efficiency and self-interest of ethical climate type. The strategies to promote and enhance the low-professional code and efficiency ethical climate of social welfare facility were needed to design and be integrated into the management of human career development of social worker.

SB-31ⓡ 의 일반약리작용 ( General Pharmacology of SB-31ⓡ )

공재양(Jae Yang Kong),박우규(Woo Kyu Park),천혜경(Hyae Gyeong Cheon),권경자(Kyoung Ja Kwon),윤여생(Yeo Saeng Yoon),신화섭(Hwa Sup Shin) 한국응용약물학회 1997 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.5 No.4

General pharmacological effects of SB-31^R the extracts of Pulsatilla koreana, were investigated in mice, rats and guinea-pigs. Intravenous injection of SB-31 (3 and 6 ml/kg) produced almost no effect on central nervous system; no effects on the general symptom and behaviors of mice, spontaneous locomotor activity, pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, rotarod performance, electroshock and pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures, acetic acid-induced writhing and normal body temperature in mice. SB-31 showed little effects on the spontaneous movement of the isolated ileum and contraction induced by agonists in isolated ileum, suggesting no influence on autonomic nervous system. Administration of SB-31 also did not show any effect on blood pressure in conscious rats. However, a slight decrease in heart rate was observed at high doses (6 and 10 ml/kg) of SB-31 in conscious rats. Similarly, a slight increase in respiratory rate was observed at 6 ml/kg of SB-31 in anesthetized rats. SB-31 did not produce any effect at the dose of 3 ml/kg, but showed a tendency to increase the urinary volume at 6 ml/kg, and produced a decrease in urinary excretions of Na^+ and K^+ at 6 ml/kg. However, transport capacity within the gastrointestinal tract and the secretion of the gastric juice were not influenced by 6 ml/kg of SB-31. In conclusion, these results suggest that SB-31 did not produce any acute effects on the central nervous system, autonomic nervous system, respiratory and circulatory systems, digestive system and kidney function at the dose of below 3 ml/kg.

임상간호사의 전문직업성이 간호업무수행, 직무만족 및 재직의도에 미치는 영향

권경자,주민선,김정아 한국간호과학회 간호행정학회 2009 간호행정학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of nursing professionalism on the nursing performance, job satisfaction and retention intention among clinical nurses. Methods: A descriptive correlational research design was used for this study. All 329 clinical nurses were obtained by convenience sampling from 3 National or public hospitals, 3 university hospitals, and two private hospitals located in Seoul and Kyunggi province. The data were collected using a self-reporting questionnaire contained four instruments and questions for demographic characteristics of subjects from April 21st to September 1st, 2008. Collected data were analyzed on SPSS Win 16.0. Results: There was a significant relationship between nursing professionalism, nursing performance, job satisfaction and retention intention among clinical nurses. The nursing professionalism was identified as a predictor of nursing performance, job satisfaction, and retention intention. Conclusion: The strategies to promote and enhance the nursing professionalism of clinical nurses, in this era in which the nursing shortage become more and more problematic issue, are needed to design and be integrated into the management of human resource in nursing organizations.

정신간호사의 전문직업성이 간호업무수행 재직의도에 미치는 영향

권경자,고경희,김경원,김정아 한국간호과학회 간호행정학회 2010 간호행정학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of nursing professionalism on the nursing performance and retention intention among psychiatric mental health nurses. Methods: As a descriptive correlational study, this study sampled 206 psychiatric mental health nurses in six hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi area through convenience sampling. Data were collected from March 2 to 31, 2009 using a self-report questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 16.0. Results: In the subscales of professionalism, the 'Sense of calling' had the highest mean score while the 'Professional organization' had the lowest mean score. A significant positive correlation was observed in nursing professionalism, nursing performance and retention intention. According to an analysis on the impact of each subscale of nursing professionalism on nursing performance and retention intention, the 'Sense of calling' and 'Autonomy' were the most significant predictor variable. Conclusion: The results confirmed that the improvement of psychiatric mental health nurses' professionalism increases their nursing performance and retention intention and the 'Sense of calling' and 'Autonomy' are critical prediction factors. It is necessary to come up with a strategy which strengthens nursing professionalism in order to improve psychiatric mental health nurses' performance and retention intention.