Catechol 처리에 의한 Pseudomonas sp. DJ-12의 생화학 및 세포학적 변화

고연자,임재윤,김치경,이기성 한국미생물학회 1999 미생물학회지 Vol.35 No.2

방향족 탄화수소 화학물질들은 자연계에 오염되면 미생물에 의한 분해가 미미하여 장기 축적됨으로써 생명체에 독성을 나타낸다. 이러한 방향족 탄화수소가 준치사 수준의 농도로 미생물에 노출되면 stress-shock 단백질을 합성하거나 세포 구성물질에 생화학적 변화가 일어나 적응현상이 나타나게 된다. 본 연구에서는 Pseudomonas sp. DJ-12를 여러 가지 농도의 catechol 로 처리했을 때 나타나는 stress-shock 단백질의 합성양상과 함께 세포의 형태와 생존을 위한 내성의 변화를 연구하였다. Pseudomonas sp. DJ-12는 0.5~1mM 의 catechol 이 6시간 배양 후 60% 이상이 분해되었으나, 3mM 도는 그 이상의 농도에서는 전혀 분해되지 않앗고 생존 세포수는 30시간 처리 했을 때부터 \10^2$ cell/ml 또는 그 이상이 사멸되었다. DnaK는 1mM 이상의 catechol 로 10분간 처리할 때 유도 생성되었고, GroEL은 0.5 mM 이상에서 생성되었다. 10mM 의 catechol로 처리한 Pseudomonas sp. DJ-12 의 세포는 세포벽에 구멍이 생겼으며 간균의 형태가 일그러지는 변화가 관찰되었다. 준치사 농도인 1mM의 catechol 이나 benzoate 또는 4-chlorobenzoate 로 전처리한 Pseudomonas sp. DJ-12는 stress-shock 단백질이 합성되었을 뿐 아니라, 치사 농도인 10mM 의 catechol에서 tolerance를 나타내었다. Aromatic hydrocarbons which are not easily degraded by microorganisms can be accumulated in the conlaminated environment for a long lime, producing toxic effects on wild lives and humans. However, the sublethal concentrations of the chemicals induce the synthesis of stress-shock proteins in the cells and increase the adaptability of the organisms to the environmental stresses. In this study, therefore, the cells of Psezido~nonus sp. DJ- 12 treated with catechol at various concentrations were inveshgated for their survival, biodegtadability of catechol, production of stress-shock proteins, and cytological changes. The organisms were capable of degrading catechol at the range of 0.5 to 1.0 mM concentration wilhin 6 hours incubation, but they were killed by $10^2$-10$^3$ celllinl at 3 mM or higel- concentration without any catechol degradation. These cells treated with catechol begm lo produce DnaK and GroEL at 1 mM and 0.5 mM. respectively. Pseudumonas sp. DJ-12 treated with 10 mM catechol for I hour exhihiled some punctuated pores on the cell wall and contortion of the rod shape. The cells treated with he sublethal concentration of catechol showed the increased tolerance for suvival when exposed to the lethal concentration, and such tolerant effects were functioned crossly among benzoate, 4-chlorobenzoate, 'and catechol.

연구논문 : 인천 연안지역의 해양환경요인과 병원성 비브리오균의 분포와의 관련성

고연자 ( Yeon Ja Go ),장재선 ( Jae Seon Jang ) 한국식품영양학회 2013 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, turbidity and pH on the growth of pathogenic Vibrios. In this study, we was obtained the samples from 2 different sites of the Incheon coastal area between January 2012 and December 2012. The water temperature in August and September was the high. the Incheon port changes the width of a small, wherease in the case of Hanjin harbor of changes of larger width. Salinity and turbidity showed significant differences, whereas temperature and hydrogen ion concentration was not significant. Pathogenic vibrios was determined using the real-time PCR method. Pathogenic vibrios in the Incheon port and Hanjin harbor were detected in 11 samples (91.67%) and 9 samples (75.0%) of Vibrio cholerae, 7 samples (58.3%) and 6 samples (50.0%) of V. vulnificus, 10 samples (83.3%) and 12 samples (100.0%) of V. parahaemolyticus, respectively. Pathogenic Vibrio bacteria were the highest at 26.8℃ of seawater in August. Quantitative results were the following: 102 cell/㎖ in Vibrio cholerae, 7.876 cell/㎖ in V. vulnificus, and 503.4 cell/㎖ in V. parahaemolyticus, respectively. The enumeration of pathogenic vibrios showed a positive correlation with temperature and pH, but was negatively correlated with salinity and turbidity.

웃음치료가 골관절염 노인의 통증, 우울 및 삶의 질에 미치는 효과

고연자 ( Yeon Ja Ko ),현미열 ( Mi Yeul Hyun ) 한국간호과학회 정신간호학회(구 대한간호학회정신간호학회) 2013 정신간호학회지 Vol.22 No.4

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a laughter therapy on pain, depression, and quality of life of elderly people with osteoarthritis. Methods: A quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group pretestposttest design was used. Participants (n=60) included older adults who were diagnosed with osteoarthritis and received treatment at the out patient departments of two different hospitals. Data were collected from March 9 to 30, 2011. Experimental group (n=30) participated in laughter therapy four times, once a week for 50 min per session. Questionnaires were used to measure pretest and posttest levels of pain, depression, and quality of life. Results: At the end of four-week intervention, pain (F=11.32, p=.001) and depression (F=10.77, p=.002) were significantly decreased in the experimental group. Quality of life (F=6.28, p=.015) were significantly improve in the experimental group. Conclusion: The study results suggest that the laughter therapy is an effective intervention to reduce the pain and depression, and to improve quality of life. It seems that this program can widely be utilized as one of nursing intervention programs for the elderly people with osteoarthritis.

다중이용시설 내 공기 중의 진균 분포

고연자(Yeon-Ja Koh),공용우(Young-Woo Gong),이제만(Jae-Mann Lee),고종명(Jong-Myoung Go),김용희(Yong-Hee Kim),제갈승(Seung Jegal) 대한환경위생공학회 2007 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.22 No.4

Recently, there is increasing interest in indoor air pollution. Fungal spores are one of the pollutants that is the causes of hypersensitivity reactions, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis. This study was performed to assess the levels of ungi concentration in public facilities and airborne fungi were collected with the air sampler using DRBC(Dichloran rose bengal chloramphenicol) agar. It was found that airborne fungi concentration were related to the humidity and the people movement. 10 genera of fungi was isolated and identified and the most common culturable fungi were Penicillium, Cladosporium, and Aspergillus.

Epidemiology of Foodborne Norovirus Outbreak in Incheon, Korea

유준환,김나연,고연자,이훈재 대한의학회 2010 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.25 No.8

On June 14, 2008, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred among elementary school students in Incheon. We conducted an investigation to identify the source and described the extent of the outbreak. We performed a retrospective cohort study among students,teachers and food handlers exposed to canteen food in the elementary school. Using selfadministered questionnaires we collected information on symptoms, days of canteen food eaten, food items consumed. Stool samples were collected from 131 symptomatic people and 11 food handlers. The catering kitchen was inspected and food samples were taken. Of the 1,560 people who ate canteen food, 117 were symptomatic cases, and the attack rate was 7.5%. Consumption of cucumber-crown daisy salad (RR=2.71), fresh cabbage mix (RR=2.23), dried radish salad (RR=3.04) and young radish kimchi (RR=2.52) were associated with illness. Sixty-four (45%) of the 142 stool specimens were positive for norovirus. Norovirus was detected in 2 food handlers. Interviews with kitchen staff indicated the likelihood of contamination from an infected food handler to the dried radish salad during food processing. The excretion of norovirus from asymptomatic food handlers may be an infection source of norovirus outbreaks.

인천지역에서 분리된 비브리오 패혈증균의 특성

오보영,김정희,공용우,제갈승,김혜영,이미연,황경화,고연자,이제만,고종명,김용희,Oh, Bo-Young,Kim, Jung-Hee,Gong, Young-Woo,JeGal, Seung,Kim, Hye-Yeung,Lee, Mi-Yeon,Hwang, Kyoung-Wha,Koh, Yeon-Ja,Lee, Jae-Mann,Go, Jong-Myoung,Kim, Yong-H 한국미생물학회 2007 미생물학회지 Vol.43 No.4

2006년도 인천지역 해양환경에서 분리된 Vibrio vulnificus에 대한 생화학적, 분자생물학적 특성 및 항생제 감수성 결과를 알아보았다. 본 실험에 사용된 균주는 총 233주로 해수, 갯벌, 어패류, 수족관수에서 분리되었다. API 20E kit 실험 결과 15개 profile로 분류되었으며, 모든 균주가 ONPG와 Amygdalin 양성이었다. 209주를 대상으로 vvhA와 viuB 유전자 부위에 대해 PCR 실험결과 vvhA는 206주(98.6%) 양성, viuB는 110주(52.6%)가 양성이었으며, 특히 viuB 유전자부위에 대한 PCR 결과는 해수, 어패류, 갯벌에서 분리한 균주의 48%, 48.5%, 61.1%가 양성인 것으로 나타났다. 시험균주 175주에 대해 항생제 감수성 실험 결과 Imipenem (100.0%), Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (98.9%), Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin (98.3%), Ampicillin/sulbactam (97.1%), Chloramphenicol (96.6%), Cefepime (94.9%), Ceftriaxone (94.8%)이 감수성을 나타내었고, 항생제 하나 또는 그 이상의 약제에 대해 내성을 나타낸 것은 56주(32%)로 해수 28주(31.5%), 갯벌 21주(34.4%), 어패류 7주(29.2%)였다. V. vulnificus 233주에 대해 PFGE를 실시하여 dendrogram으로 분석한 결과 90%이상의 상동성 기준으로 126개의 유형으로 분리되었고, 58%이상의 상동성을 기준으로 13개의 cluster로 분류되었다. Cluster I는 104주(44.6%)로 가장 많은 균주들이 분포하였고 채취시기 대부분 I에 가장 많은 균주들이 분포하였으나 10월과 6월에 채취한 검체는 J에 16주(69.6%)와 13주(36.1%)로 가장 많은 균주들이 분포하였다. 7월에 채취한 검체에서 분리된 균주는 9개의 cluster에 속하였고 8월은 8개, 6월은 7개, 9월은 6개, 10월은 5개, 5월은 3개, 3월은 1개를 나타냈다. We performed the biochemical characteristics, molecular epidemiologocal analysis, and drug susceptibility test on V. vulnificus isolated from environmental sources in Incheon. For this study, 233 strains were isolated from seawater, sediment, shellfish. V. vulnificus isolates were divided into 15 biochemical groups, which were positive for ONPG and Amygdalin test. Among the 209 strains, 206 (98.6%) strains and 110 (52.6%) strains revealed positive for vvhA and viuB gene, and the viuB gene detection rates of V. vulnificus from seawater, shellfish and sediment were 48%, 48.5% and 61.6%, respectively. From disc diffusion test on 175 isolates, most of strains were sensitive to Imipenem (100.0%), Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (98.9%), Tetracycline, Ciprofloxacin (98.3%), Ampicillin/sulbactam (97.1%), Ohloramphenicol (96.6%), Cefepime (94.9%) and Ceftriaxone (94.8%), multi-drug resistance rates was 31.5% of seawater, 34.4% of sediment and 29.2% of shellfish. PFGE was performed on 233 V. vulnificus isolates with the objective of investigating the extent of genetic diversity of these isolates in our region. We could find that at least 126 different PFGE patterns were generated according by 90% of similarity and 13 clusters by 58% of similarity. The major cluster was type I (44.6%) during the most of the year, and type J was frequent pattern in June and October. There were 9 distinct PFGE types in July, 8 types in August, 7 types in June, 6 types in September, 5 types in October 3 types in May and 1 type in March.

일반인 및 닭도축장 근무자에서 분리한 대장균의 항생제 내성 양상

황경화 ( Kyoung Wha Hwang ),김혜영 ( Hye Young Kim ),이미연 ( Mi Yeon Lee ),고연자 ( Yeon Ja Koh ) 한국가축위생학회 2007 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.30 No.1

We monitored antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolates from healthy volunteers of community and chicken butchers from February to July in 2006. From disc diffusion test on 473 E coli isolates from healthy volunteers of the community, the resistance rates of tetracycline, ampicillin, and ticarcillin were 44.8%, 40.8%, and 37.4%, respectively. In the disc diffusion test on 18 E coli isolates from chicken butchers , the resistance rates of tetracycline, nalidixic, streptomycin, and ampicillin were 94.4%, 61.1%, 55.6%, and 50.0%, respectively.

Seroprevalence of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus in Mui Island, Rural Area, Incheon, South Korea

Myung-Deok Kim-Jeon,Song Mi Moon,Sung Suck Oh,Haeyoung Kim,고연자,Seung Jegal,Se Youn Han,Mi Yeon Lee,Young Woo GONG,박윤수 대한미생물학회 2022 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.52 No.2

The rural areas are the main outbreak sites of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS). To identify the seroprevelance of SFTS in rural island, we conducted a serosurveillance study of SFTS virus (SFTSV) of the general public in Mui Island, a representative rural island of Incheon, South Korea. A total of 203 participants (female 127, male 76, 30 to 97 years old, median 67) without symptoms or signs of SFTS were collected via a convenience sampling. Nested reverse transcription PCR was conducted for both the S and M segments of SFTSV gene. Indirect immunofluorescence assay was also performed for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) against SFTSV. Only 1 participant (0.5%) was positive to SFTSV gene without IgM against SFTSV. In addition, 12 participants (5.9%) were positive to IgG against SFTSV. Seropositive rate of IgG against SFTSV was higher in age group >65 than ≤65 (9.6% vs. 1.1%, OR 9.202; 95% CI, 1.165–72.692; p=0.026) and was not statistically significant according to sex, occupation and duration of residence in Mui Island. This study suggests that SFTSV readily have infected humans in the rural island of Incheon, South Korea. Therefore, reinforced surveillance about SFTS is needed, focusing on medically vulnerable area such as an island.

The Prevalence and Distribution of the P and G Genotypes of a Group A Rotavirus Detected in Acute Gastroenteritis Patients from Incheon

Hye Jin Choi(최혜진),Bo Young Oh(오보영),Mi Yeon Lee(이미연),Yeon Ja Koh(고연자),Young Woo Gong(공용우),Myung Je Hur(허명제),Jea Mann Lee(이제만),Young Hee Kim(김용희),Hye Sook Jeong(정혜숙),Doo Sung Cheon(천두성) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.5

인천지역 병·의원에 내원한 급성위장염환자의 대변 검체 총 11,607건을 효소 면역법(ELISA)을 이용하여 group A rotavirus의 계절별 발생 양상을 조사한 결과 2005년부터 2010년간 인천지역에서는 1~2월이 가장 많이 발생하였으나, 기간별로 차이가 존재했다. 또, group A rotavirus 양성 검체 160건에 유전자 분석 결과 VP4는 P8형, VP7는 G1형, G와 P 조합형으로는 G1P8이 가장 많았다. 그러나 이전의 연구와 비교했을 때 연구 지역과 기간에 따라 혈청형과 유전형의 변화가 빈번하였으므로 효율적인 방역을 위해 지속적인 모니터링이 필요하다고 사려된다. 또 이번 연구는 현재 유통 중인 rotavirus 백신의 효율적인 사용의 기초 자료가 될 것이다. Rotavirus is the main cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children of the world. However, the frequency of genetic alterations makes it hard to control the prophylaxis. Therefore, continuous monitoring of the rotavirus’s genetic change is inevitable to prevent disease prevalence and is useful in inventing an efficient vaccine. From January 2005 to December 2010, we investigated 11,607 stool samples of acute gastroenteritis patients in the Incheon metropolitan area. About 13.18% (1,530 stool samples) of all samples had a positive reaction against rotavirus using an antigen capture enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Then, the 160 stool samples were searched for subtypes of group A rotavirus by using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and a nested multiplex RCR. In P sub-typing, P8 (56.3%) was an extremely prevalent genotype, followed by P6 (21.3%), and P1A (10.0%). G1 (39.4%) was most widespread in the G subtype, followed by G4 (25.0%) and G3 (18.8%). G1P8 (35.5%) was the most common G and P subtype combination, followed by G4P6 (19.3%) and G3P8 (13.1%). These results might be useful data for understanding the epidemiological status of group A-rotavirus dispersion in the Incheon metropolitan area.