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Current Status, Challenges, Policies, and Bioethics of Biobanks
강병학,박재선,조상연,이미희,김남희,민해숙,이수연,박옥,한복기 한국유전체학회 2013 Genomics & informatics Vol.11 No.4
Many biobanks were established as biorepositories for biomedical research, and a number of biobanks were founded in the1990s. The main aim of the biobank is to store and to maintain biomaterials for studying chronic disease, identifying riskfactors of specific diseases, and applying personalized drug therapies. This report provides a review of biobanks, includingKorean biobanks and an analysis of sample volumes, regulations, policies, and ethical issues of the biobank. Until now, thetop 6 countries according to the number of large-scale biobanks are the United Kingdom, United States, Sweden, France, theNetherlands, and Italy, and there is one major National Biobank of Korea (NBK) and 17 regional biobanks in Korea. Manycountries have regulations and guidelines for the biobanks, and the importance of good management of biobanks isincreasing. Meanwhile, according to a first survey of 456 biobank managers in the United States, biobankers are concernedwith the underuse of the samples in their repositories, which need to be advertised for researchers. Korea Biobank Network(KBN) project phase II (2013‒2015) was also planned for the promotion to use biospecimens in the KBN. The KBN iscontinuously introducing for researchers to use biospecimens in the biobank. An accreditation process can also beintroduced for biobanks to harmonize collections and encourage use of biospecimens in the biobanks. KBN is preparing anon-line application system for the distribution of biospecimens and a biobank accreditation program and is trying toharmonize the biobanks.
강병학 한국대학박물관협회 2005 고문화 Vol.66 No.-
This research is about high-footed pottery among earthenwares of the prehistoric age that were excavated complexly and variously. The special deformity of this pottery has been recognized even though it has not been classified so far and the name has been used indiscreetly as well. That’s why it needs a proper and objective thesis, now. This pottery is made up the form classification of six forms through the detail kind of attributed analysis and is possible to set up the detail kind of Ⅰtype and Ⅱtype by the size of the bottom and body. The pottery of 1·2·3·4 form(north korea→gangwon-youngdong→mid-gyeonggi·west coast of chungcheong region) with rim-perforated and top-shaped potteries in the area of prehistoric habitation place, has been developed through the change to the pottery of 5·6 form(mid-gyeonggi·west coast of chungcheong→Honam, Youngnam region) that was excavated from settlement, production, tombs, shell mound sites and the sunken place of remains related to ceremony, coming through Clay-stripes culture. Exactly, at this point of coming of Clay-stripes culture, the form of high-footed pottery is also being changed and magnified. And the pottery of 5·6 form can be observed the functional differentiation of side effects and the ceremony container related to the origin and petition on the other hand, at a point of view of the excavation line, the collation of form and manufactured skills, 1·2·3·4 form is possible to be supposed as daily life containers. 본 고는 매우 복잡 다양하게 출토되고 있는 선사시대 토기 중 굽다리토기에 대한 연구이다. 특수한 기형의 이 토기는 분류조차 제대로 이루어지지 않은 채 의례용으로 인식되어져 왔으며, 그 명칭 또한 무분별하게 사용되어져 왔다. 따라서 충분히 객관적이고도 적절한 정립이 필요한 상황이다. 이 토기는 저부와 신부의 상대크기에 따라 대부형(Ⅰ형)과 대각형(Ⅱ)으로의 세부기종 설정이 가능하고 세부기종별 속성분석을 통하여 6형식의 형식분류가 이루어졌다. 무문토기시대 전기 주거지유적에서 공렬 및 각형토기와 공반하는 1ㆍ2ㆍ3ㆍ4형식의 토기(북한→강원영동→경기중부ㆍ충청서해안지역)는 점토대토기문화가 도래하면서 생활, 분묘, 생산, 폐기 그리고 의례관련유구에서 출토되는 5ㆍ6형식 토기(경기중부ㆍ충청서해안→호남ㆍ영남지역)로의 변화를 보이면서 전개된다. 즉 점토대토기문화가 도래하는 시점에서 굽다리토기의 형식도 변화ㆍ확대되고 있다. 또한 출토맥락, 형식조합, 제작기술 등의 관점에서 공렬 및 각형토기와 공반하는 1ㆍ2ㆍ3ㆍ4형식은 일상 생활용기로의 상정이 가능한 반면 점토대토기와 조합을 이루는 5ㆍ6형식 토기는 의례관련유구와 분묘유구에서 다량 출토되고 있어 기원이나 소원과 관련된 의례용기, 그리고 부장용으로의 기능분화가 관찰된다.
아노드의 결정성에 따른 전기도금 구리박막의 기계적 특성 연구
강병학,박지은,박강주,유다영,이다정,이동윤,Kang, Byung-Hak,Park, Jieun,Park, Kangju,Yoo, Dayoung,Lee, Dajeong,Lee, Dongyun 한국재료학회 2016 한국재료학회지 Vol.26 No.12
We performed this study to understand the effect of a single-crystalline anode on the mechanical properties of as-deposited films during electrochemical deposition. We used a (111) single- crystalline Cu plate as an anode, and Si substrates with Cr/Au conductive seed layers were prepared for the cathode. Electrodeposition was performed with a standard 3-electrode system in copper sulfate electrolyte. Interestingly, the grain boundaries of the as-deposited Cu thin films using single-crystalline Cu anode were not distinct; this is in contrast to the easily recognizable grain boundaries of the Cu thin films that were formed using a poly-crystalline Cu anode. Tensile testing was performed to obtain the mechanical properties of the Cu thin films. Ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure of the Cu thin films fabricated using the (111) single-crystalline Cu anode were found to have increased by approximately 52 % and 37 %, respectively, compared with those values of the Cu thin films fabricated using apoly-crystalline Cu anode. We applied ultrasonic irradiation during electrodeposition to disturb the uniform stream; we then observed no single-crystalline anode effect. Consequently, it is presumed that the single-crystalline Cu anode can induce a directional/uniform stream of ions in the electrolyte that can create films with smeared grain boundaries, which boundaries strongly affect the mechanical properties of the electrodeposited Cu films.