김규동의 시세계 연구

김은영(Kim Eun-young) 국어국문학회 2010 국어국문학 Vol.- No.156

Kim, Gyu-Dong is a very unusual poet who has transformed into a dynamic process about his poetry. He was a very well known modernist when he took an active part of the 1950's modernism coterie 'Hubangee . However, in the 1970's, he changed himself as a socialized poet. I took care that realistic attitude he had shown in the 1950's and studied about it. I found the special point where the modernist Kim, Gyu-Dong had met the realist himself is shown in the connection between the poetry and the film. As everyone knows, Kim, Gyu-Dong prefer the automatism of surrealism as a method writing poem. And Kim, Gyu-Dong also had an inclination for the film Avant-Garde. Because the automatism of surrealism and the film Avant-Garde have the common theoretical base with the Freud's psychoanalysis. A lot of poems written by Kim. Gyu-Dong in the Korean war period show us special feature taking surrealism technique and the sense of the film Avant-Garde. He tried out express about the desperation and pain of the Korean people lived in that same period with his poems. But unfortunately, some several poems lost the critical mind and fell to nihilism. Kim, Gyu-Dong wanted to resist to the Korean social contradictions and conflicts continuedly. So he of course chose the more realistic writing method and concerned with the film Neo-Realism. He described some kind of the Nee-Realism character and circumstance in his poems for example 〈acrobat〉, 〈small hand〉. He described them as like using camera of the Neo-Realism film for presentation the problem of Korean 1950's society and community. And That's why he was very interested on the film Neo-Realism. So we can realize the true that his 1950's poetry had obvious inclination of realism already. It explains us about the connection between Kim, Gyu-Dong s 1950's poetry and 1970's poetry.

동결-융해된 인간 배반포기 배 유래의 배아 간(幹) 세포 배양

김은영,남화경,이금실,박세영,박은미,윤지연,허영태,조현정,박세필,정길생,임진호,Kim, Eun-Young,Nam, Hwa-Kyung,Lee, Keum-Sil,Park, Sae-Young,Park, Eun-Mi,Yoon, Ji-Yeon,Heo, Young-Tae,Cho, Hyun-Jung,Park, Se-Pill,Chung, Kil-Saeng,Lim, Jin 대한생식의학회 2001 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.28 No.1

Objective: This study was to establish the human embryonic stem (ES) cells derived from frozen-thawed blastocyst stage embryo that were destined to be discarded after five years in routine human IVF-ET program. Methods: Frozen-thawed and survived human blastocysts were treated by immunosurgery, and recovered ICM cells were cultured onto STO feeder cell layer and ICM colony was subcultured by mechanical dissociation into clumps. To identify ES cell, alkaline phosphatase staining and expression of Oct4 in replated ICM colonies were examined. Also, to examine the possibility of ES cell differentiation, retinoic acid (RA), basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), nerve growth factor (NGF) were added in culture medium. In addition, to classify the specific cell type, differentiated cells were stained by indirect immunocytochemistry. Results: One ICM colony recovered from frozen-thawed six blastocysts was subcultured, continuously replated during 40 passage culture duration without differentiation. Subcultured colonies were strong positively stained by alkaline phophatase. When the expression of Oct4 in cultured ES colony was examined, Oct4b type is more clearly indicated than Oct4a one although there was not detected in embryoid body or differentiated cells. In differentiated cardiomyocytes from ES colony, cells were beaten regularly (60 times/min). In differentiated neural cells from ES colony, neurofilament (NF) 200 kDa protein, microtubule associated protein (MAP) 2 and ${\beta}$-tubulin of specific marker in neurons, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) of specific marker in astrocytes and galactocelebrocide (GalC) of specific marker in oligodendrocytes were confirmed by indirect immunocytochemistry. Also, muscle cells were detected by indirect immunocytochemistry. In addition, ES colonies can be successfully cryopreserved. Conclusion: This study suggested that establishment of human ES cells can be successfully derived from frozen-thawed blastocysts that were destined to be discarded, and obtained specific cell types (cardiomyocytes, neurons and muscle cells) through the in vitro differentiation procedures of ES cells.

외상후 스트레스장애 환자의 불안 및 우울 증상과 압통역치 간의 비교 연구

김은영,나철,남범우,조주연,Kim, Eun-Young,Na, Chul,Nam, Bum-Woo,Cho, Ju-Youn 한국정신신체의학회 1999 정신신체의학 Vol.7 No.1

This study was designed to evaluate anxiety & depression symptoms and pressure pain threshold in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder(n=23) and to find out the relationship between the affective symptoms and the pressure pain threshold scores. And this was compared with healthy control subjects(n=18). The scores of pressure pain threshold were checked with algometer. The results were as follows : PTSD patients showed higher scores of anxiety & depression symptoms than that of the control group. In contrast with our hypothesis, pressure pain threshold in PTSD patients presented statistically significant higher scores than that of the control group. These results may be derived from following factors. First, chronic depression has influenced the pain perception of patients with PTSD rather than anxiety symptoms, second, abnormal state of the opiate system in PTSD patients, third, the sick role of the PTSD patients, fourth, the socio-environmental factor of the PTSD patients. In conclusion, affective symptoms, especially depression, were related to the chronic pain in patients with PTSD, however, the causality of elevated pressure pain threshold was uncertain in this study. To understand more clearly the relation between affective symptoms and chronic pain, it will be necessary to control the other specific factors. 본 연구에서는 불안과 우울감과 같은 정서상태가 만성적인 통증 인지와 상관관계가 있는지를 알아보고자 PTSD 환자군의 압통에 대한 역치와 불안증상, 우울증상의 정도를 측정하였고, 불안, 우울증상의 정도와 압통역치의 상관관계를 대조군과 비교하였다. 연구대상 환자군은 1997년 10월부터 1998년 3월까지 중앙대학교 의과대학 부속필동병원 및 용산병원 신경정신과에 입원한 환자와 외래환자들 중에서 PTSD에 진단된, 20-60세에 해당되는 성인 남자환자 23명을 대상으로 하였다. 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) PTSD 환자군에서 통계적으로 의미있게 높은 우울증상과 불안증상을 보였다(p<.05). 2) 압통에 대한 역치는 환자군에서 유의하게 높은 결과를 보였다(p<.05). 이런 결과를 보인 요인으로는, 환자군의 불안증상보다는 만성적인 우울증상이 통증역치의 증가에 부분적으로나마 영향을 주었을 것으로 추정되며 그외에 환자군에서의 opiate system의 이상, 환자군의 질병역할, 환자군이 처한 여러 사회환경적인 상황의 영향 등과 같은 여러 요인이 관련되었을 것이라고 생각한다. 결론적으로 PTSD의 만성 통증은 감정, 특히 우울증과 관련이 있을 것으로 보였으나, 그 인과관계에 대한 결론을 내리기에는 미흡한 점들이 있다. 앞서 언급한 여러 제한점들을 보완한 향후 연구를 통해 정서적 증상과 동통과의 보다 특이적인 연관성을 규명하는 연구가 필요할 것이라 생각한다.

DB서비스평가 ③- 농산물 가격정보 제공 ‘농산물 유통정보서비스’

김은영,Kim, Eun-Yeong 한국데이터베이스진흥원 2004 디지털콘텐츠 Vol.9 No.-

유기성 폐기물 처리 및 자원화 : 도축 공정의 아미노산을 이용한 친환경 MLX(M;아연) 살균제의 제조 및 응용

김은영,최상원,장우석,조현재,( Viktor Kim ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2009 한국폐기물자원순환학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

가무시안 혼합모델에서 점진적 강인적응을 통한 화자확인 성능개선

김은영,서창우,임영환,전성채,Kim, Eun-Young,Seo, Chang-Woo,Lim, Yong-Hwan,Jeon, Seong-Chae 한국음향학회 2009 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

본 논문에서는 화자확인을 위해서 가우시안혼합모델에 forgetting factor를 갖는 점진적 강인적응 방법을 제안하였다. 화자인식 시스템에서 적은 양의 데이터로 좋은 성능을 얻기 위하여 화자모델 적응방법이 사용되고 있다. 그러나, 현재 사용되고 있는 적응방법은 불규칙한 발성변화와 잡음 같은 이씨에 취약하고, 그것은 부정확한 화자모델을 만들 수 있다. 또한 시간이 지날수록 모델에 새로운 데이터가 적응되는 비율이 줄어들게 되는 문제점이 있다. 제안된 알고리즘은 가우시안혼합모델을 이용한 화자모델에서 이상치에 의한 왜곡과 새로운 데이터에 대한 적응 비율을 일정이상으로 유지할 수 있도록 하기 위하여 점진적 강인적응 방법을 제안하였다. 점진적 강인적응은 화자인식에서 적은 양의 데이터로 등록하고 테스트된 새로운 데이터로 모델을 적응시키는 방법이다. 실험결과는 7개월에 걸쳐서 수집된 데이터로부터 제안된 방법이 이상치에 강인하고 새로운 데이터의 적응 비율을 일정하게 유지시킴을 보였다. In this paper, we propose a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) based incremental robust adaptation with a forgetting factor for the speaker verification. Speaker recognition system uses a speaker model adaptation method with small amounts of data in order to obtain a good performance. However, a conventional adaptation method has vulnerable to the outlier from the irregular utterance variations and the presence noise, which results in inaccurate speaker model. As time goes by, a rate in which new data are adapted to a model is reduced. The proposed algorithm uses an incremental robust adaptation in order to reduce effect of outlier and use forgetting factor in order to maintain adaptive rate of new data on GMM based speaker model. The incremental robust adaptation uses a method which registers small amount of data in a speaker recognition model and adapts a model to new data to be tested. Experimental results from the data set gathered over seven months show that the proposed algorithm is robust against outliers and maintains adaptive rate of new data.

소아의 소장 중첩증의 치료 : 자연 정복 vs 수술적 치료

김은영,정규환,박태진,박귀원,정성은,김현영,Kim, Eun-Young,Jung, Kyu-Whan,Park, Tae-Jin,Park, Kwi-Won,Jung, Sung-Eun,Kim, Hyun-Young 대한소아외과학회 2010 소아외과 Vol.16 No.2

Unreduced small bowel intussusception requires operative treatment although the rate of spontaneous reduction is 60 to 70 %. The aim of this study is to compare clinical characteristics and outcome between spontaneous reduction and operation group and to analyze factors related to decisions to treat small bowel intussusceptions. The records of 25 patients with small bowel intussusceptions treated in Seoul National University Children's Hospital from January 1999 to August 2009 were reviewed respectively. Spontaneous reduction group (n=12, 48 %) had signs and symptoms of vomiting, abdominal pain, currant jelly stool, abdominal distension, fever, increased CRP but no rebound tenderness. One of them had been diagnosed with Henoch-Schonlein purpura and no one displayed pathologic leading point by image study. Operation group (n=13, 52 %) consisted of patients who had primary surgery. Their signs and symptoms were similar to spontaneous reduction group. Seven of them had underlying diseases such as Crohn' disease, ALL, Lymphoma, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (n=3), post-transplanted state of liver and 2 of them displayed Peutz-Jeghers polyp and Meckel's diverticulum as pathologic leading point by preoperative ultrasonography. Mean relieve interval (interval between onset of symptoms and reduction/operation) was 1.78 days in spontaneous reduction group and 2.25 days in operation group (p=0.341). Seven of operation group had manual reduction and 6 out of 7 received segmental resection of the small bowel. No one of them underwent manual reduction and all of them underwent segmental resection were found to have pathologic leading points [Peutz-Jeghers polyp (n=3), Meckel's diverticulum (n=2), lymphoma (n=1)] during operation. In conclusion, 48% of small bowel intussusceptions resolved spontaneously. Patients' symptoms and relieve intervals were not related to the operative decisions. We therefore recommend significant factors for determining treatment plan such as change of clinical symptoms, underlying disease or pathologic leading point by imaging.

1930년대 대중잡지에 투영된 여성 대중가수의 이미지

김은영 ( Kim Eunyoung ) 민족음악학회 2018 음악과 민족 Vol.0 No.55

3.1운동 이후 한국사회는 신문·잡지 등 출판물의 증가와 근대적 자각에의한 책읽기 등 독서문화가 활성화되면서 대중문화에 대한 지면도 증가하게 되었다. 특히 1930년대는 소위, “레코드의 황금시대”라고 불리면서 대중예술계에 종사하는 인물들에 대한 기획기사가 많이 실렸다. 이 가운데 여성대중예술인들에 대한 기사는 이들의 사생활- 출신배경, 몸매, 캐스팅 된 동기 등-에 집중하는 가십성 기사가 많았다. 또한 당시 대중지에서는 여성예술인들을 묘사할 때 여성적이고도 애상적인 특정한 이미지를 만들어내고 있었다. 예를 들어, “눈물의 여왕”, “민요의 공주” 등 남성적 시각에서 바라본 표현으로 당시의 식민지 상황과 여성 예술인의 이미지가 연결되면서 슬프고도 애상적인 이미지가 생산되었다. 본 연구는 1930년대에 음반을 취입한 여가수 및 여배우 가운데 배우 출신으로 유행가 음반을 남긴 이애리수와 전옥, 1930년대 최고의 인기가수였던 평양기생 출신 가수, 왕수복·선우일선·김복희 등 다섯 명의 여성 대중 예술인을 중심으로 당시 미디어 권력이 표상하고자 했던 여성 이미지의 실체에 접근하고자 했다. 당시 레코드회사의 문예부에서는 전국 각지로부터 유행가수가 되려는 사람들이 몰려들고 있었지만 대중으로부터 이미 검증을 받았던 배우 출신 및 기생 출신 인물들을 발탁함으로써 안정적인 레코드시장을 만들고자 하였다. 특히 조선의 대중들의 심성에 맞는 ‘조선적인 정조’를 강조하기 위해 이들의 가난했던 배경, 그들의 가냘프고 애상적인 목소리 등이 적절히 결합되고 있었다. 당시 대중잡지에서는 여성 레코드 가수들을 홍보하기 위해 대중에게 동정과 연민을 일으키는 서사(이야기)를 만듦으로 해서 가난한 출생 배경을 극복하여 성공적인 레코드 가수가 되었다는 성공스토리를 만들었다. 이에 대해 여성 예술인의 최종적인 목적은 스위트홈을 향한 욕망에 있었다는 점도 중요한 포인트이다. 마지막 장에서는 음반산업의 토대적인 구조가 부실한 상태에서 초국가적 양상을 띤 매체가 일본을 통해 밀려들어 오면서 당시 조선의 도시민들은 글로벌에 대한 상상력만 확장시킨 채 자신이 자리잡을 주체적 시선을 적절하게 확보하지 못했음을 지적하였다. 이렇듯 식민지 경성의 문화풍경은 대중매체의 위력이 가시화되고 이에 맞추어 조선인 예술가의 참여와 성장이 있었지만 자생적으로 문화산업이 성장할 수 없었던 식민지 근대성의 한계가 곳곳에서 나타나고 있었다. After the March First Movement, as newspapers and magazines become more active pop-culture was dealt more as well. It was called “Golden age of records” in 1930s, thus a lot of people in pop culture industry became more newsworthy. And the News focused on the gossips of female artists such as their private life- background, appearances, and the reasons why they were casted. At that time, female artists were portrayed by a specific image. For instance, they were portrayed as a sad and desperate character such as “queen of tears”, “princess of folksong” and et cetera. Thus, this study reveals that the authority of mass media in 1930s generalised women as weak, pathetic, and desperate existence by providing examples of “Gisaeng” musicians & actresses such as Wang-Su-Bok, Sun-Wu-Il-Sun, and Kim-Bok-Hee, Jeon-Ok, Lee-Ae-Ri-Su. During that era, record company ‘Munye-Bu’ had a lot of applicants who wanted to become a star, but ‘Munye-Bu’ decided to focus on the proven actresses in order to make a guaranteed record industry. Furthermore, it focused on the image of Chosun such as desperate, tragic and poor life in order to buy the attention and sympathy of the public. Popular magazines of the era made sympathising stories in order to advertise the female record musicians, which produced a story of artists succeeding despite the poverty. This proves that the female artists’ ultimate goal and desire weas having a “sweet-home”. Despite the participation and growth of Chosun’s artists, no more independent improvements could be made due to the restriction of a colonial modernity.

Antiepileptic drug-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions and HLA alleles: A report of five cases with lymphocyte activation test

김은영,김미영,Chan Sun Park,최재혁,Jong-Lyul Ghim,Ho-Sook Kim,신재국 대한임상약리학회 2019 Translational and Clinical Pharmacology Vol.27 No.2

Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can induce severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs) such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), and drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome. We performed HLA genotyping and lymphocyte activation tests (LATs) for five AED-induced SCAR patients (three males and two females; aged 40-66 years old). Three patients were treated with carbamazepine (CBZ) for pain control, one was treated with phenytoin (PHT) for seizure prevention, and one was treated with valproic acid (VPA) for seizure prevention. One patient was diagnosed with CBZ-induced DRESS syndrome and the remaining patients were diagnosed with SJS. All patients recovered from SCARs after stopping suspicious drugs and supportive care. LATs were conducted to confirm the culprit drug responsible for inducing SCARs; and LAT results were positive for the suspected culprit drugs, in all except in one case. HLA-A, -B, and -C alleles were determined using PCR-sequence-based typing method. The common alleles of HLA were -A*02:01, -B*51:01, and -C*03:04 which were carried by three patients (60%) for each allele. The patient with CBZ-induced DRESS syndrome carried the HLAA* 31:01 allele. One patient with CBZ-induced SJS and one patient with VPA-induced SJS carried the HLA-B*15:11 allele. No patients carried the HLA-B*15:02 allele, which is a known risk allele of AED-induced SCARs. Further investigation of the three common alleles found in the five AED-induced SCARs patients is needed. We demonstrated the usefulness of LAT for confirming the culprit drug.

인공사료로 사육한 뒷흰가는줄무늬밤나방(Mythimna loreyi ) (밤나방과)의 발육과 생식 특성

김은영,김이현,정진교,Eun Young, Kim,I Hyeon, Kim,Jin Kyo, Jung 한국응용곤충학회 2022 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.61 No.3

The two previously developed artificial diets (N4 and N6) used for rearing Spodoptera frugiperda (Noctuidae) larvae, were selected as highly-fit ones for rearing Mythimna loreyi larvae. Almost all biological characteristics were not significantly different between the colonies reared on the two diets at 25℃ and 15:9 h (light:dark) photoperiod. The developmental periods were 4.9-5.2 days for eggs, and 22.3-23.2 days for larvae. The pupal period and weight were different between the sexes in each diet colony. The pupal periods in females and males showed 12.6-12.8 days and 14.1-14.5 days, respectively. The pupal weights were ca. 345 mg for females and ca. 380 mg for males. The pupation and emergence rates were ca. 91-94%, and ca. 91-95%, respectively, without significant differences between the two colonies. The pre-oviposition and oviposition periods were 3.4 days and 4.7-4.8 days, respectively. The adult longevity was 8.2 days in females and 10.3-12.4 days in males. Total offsprings produced were found to be 724-847 larvae on an average with ca. 1,400 maximum larvae. In the life table analysis, the intrinsic rates of increases (0.1181 for N4 and 0.1253 for N6) were not significantly different between the two colonies. Individual differences in the larval instar number 5 and 6 were found within a diet colony. The ratios of 5-instar larvae were ca. 22% in N4 colony and ca. 7% in N6 colony. The larval period of 6-instar larvae was longer than that of 5-instar larvae. Width of head capsule in larvae varied from ca. 309 ㎛ for 1st instar to ca. 3,065 ㎛ for 6th instar. Body lengths measured from ca. 2.0 mm for 1st instar to ca. 29.1 mm for 6th instar. Larvae of M. loreyi and M. separata were found at the same time in a maize field during June and July, 2020.