고지방식이 수컷 micro-pig에서 경신강지환(經身降脂丸) (GGEx)의 고지혈증 개선효과

양유인,정양삼,이희영,이상달,김병출,김종훈,석화준,유재상,윤기현,조주흠,김훈,김경철,신순식,Yang, Yoo-In,Jung, Yang-Sam,Lee, Hee-Young,Rhee, Sang-Dal,Kim, Byoung-Chul,Kim, Jong-Hoon,Seok, Hoa-Jun,Yoo, Jae-Sang,Yoon, Ki-Hyeon,Jo, Ju-Heum,Kim, 대한한의학방제학회 2006 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

Objectives : We evaluated anti-hyperlipidemia effect of Gyeongshinganjeehwan (GGEx) in high fat induced obese male micro-pigs. Methods : 7 month-old micro-pigs are fed with normal (n = 3) or high fat diet (n = 18) for 12 weeks. The pig revealed obesity in high fat diet were divided into 2 groups (n = 5 each) and vehicle (OMP) and Gyeongshingangjeehwan (GGEx, 616.7 mg/kg/day) were administrated for 1 month. We monitored the changes in body weight and measured plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, free fatty acid, GOT and, GPT after 1 month. The visceral fat were measured with computerized tomography and weights of various organs were measured after sacrifice. Results : 1. GGEx group had significantly reduced body weight gain than obese control group in statistics. 2. GGEx group didn't significantly differ from obese control group in blood total cholesterol, blood LDL-cholesterol, blood triglyceride. but it's data were similar to normal control group. 3. GGEx group had prominantly reduced visceral fat than obese control group in computerized tomography. 4. Blood GOT and GPT didn't differ from between groups. The organ weight were not significant different. And it is normal in size and colour of visceral organs. Conclusions : It is concluded that GGEx has anti-hyperlipidemia effect by improving visceral fat and access to security.

"태양좌천(太陽左泉) 한음소승(寒淫所勝)의 병증(病證)과 기미(氣味)배합 분석"

양유인,서부일,신순식,Yang Yoo-In,Seo Bu-Il,Shin Soon-Shik 대한한의학방제학회 2004 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

This thesis aims to provide an analytical basis for existing or new prescriptions based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines. To this end, prescriptions presented in the Various Changes in the Dominations of the Six Energies and their Relations with the Diseases of Plain Questions were analyzed based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines in Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine. This thesis focused on symptoms and prescriptions based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines, which were described in the Various Changes in the Dominations of the Six Energies and their Relations with the Diseases of Plain Questions with regard to the year when Taeyang is affecting the earth energy and the cold energy is partially over-abundant. Those symptoms and prescriptions originate from the theory of the five elements and six climates. The symptoms were analyzed from the perspective of physiology. The prescriptions were first analyzed based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines in Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine. Then, a mix formula of oriental medicines pursuant to those prescriptions was studied. Lastly, established prescriptions, which were in conformity with the above prescriptions, were selected. From the physiological point of view, symptoms with regard to the year when Taeyang is affecting the earth energy and the cold energy is partially over-abundant can be, based on the theory of the five elements and six climates, diagnosed as the symptoms from impaired heart due to excessive cold energy. Established prescriptions pursuant to prescriptions based on the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines can be broken down into the following: Cassia Twig, White Peony and Anemarrhena Decoction (Gyejijakyakjimotang); Rhemannia Bolus with Eight Herbs (Palmijihoanghoan); Back to the Left Pill (Joaguihoan); Bone-Strengthening Pill (Hojamhoan); Major Eum-Replenishing Pill (Daeboeumhoan). Therefore, symptoms of six kinds of weather presented in the Various Changes in the Dominations of the Six Energies and their Relations with the Diseases of Plain Questions can be analyzed from the physiological point of view. As a result, in addition to the methodology that analyzes existing prescriptions within the boundary of the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines in Yellow Emperor's Canon of Internal Medicine, it is expected that a theoretical basis for new prescriptions can be provided by analyzing established prescriptions based on prescriptions from the theory for properties and tastes of Korean oriental herbal medicines.

20대 요우커(游客)의 오프라인/인터넷 면세점 선호 연구: 부산거주 중국인 학생 조사결과의 시사점을 중심으로

양하 ( Yang He ),노유인 ( Noh Yoo-in ),황영현 ( Hwang Yeong-hyeon ) (사)한국마이스관광학회 2018 MICE관광연구 Vol.18 No.1

The aim of this study was to investigate the 20's chinese tourists’ preference on the Internet duty free shop as compared to their preference on offline duty free shop. For empirical study, an online survey of chinese students(n=255) living in Busan, South Korea was conducted from May 9 to June 27, 2017. The results indicate that preference on offline/Internet duty free shop shows significant differences by the visit frequency of foreign countries. Respondents who prefer the Internet duty free shop to the offline duty free shop have a tendency to perceive "the variety of products", "the quality of packing", and "the diversity of brands" are more important than other choice attributes of duty free shop. Compared to those who prefer the Internet duty free shop, respondents who prefer the offline duty free shop view employees’ flexibility and responsiveness to customers as more crucial factors. Discussions on theoretical and empirical implications are provided with the direction for future study.

2개 대학병원 응급센터에 내원한 급성 불화수소산 노출 환자에 대한 임상적 경험

한규홍,양중일,조성욱,조용철,유승,이진웅,김승환,유인술,유연호,박정수,Han, Kyu-Hong,Yang, Jung-Il,Jo, Seung-Yook,Cho, Yong-Chul,Ryu, Seung,Lee, Jin-Woong,Kim, Seung-Whan,Yoo, In-Sool,You, Yeon-Ho,Park, Jung-Soo 대한임상독성학회 2009 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.7 No.2

Purpose: We investigated the clinical characteristics and demographics of patients who suffered from hydrofluoric acid chemical injury and the mechanism of damage. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who were exposed to hydrofluoric acid from March 2004 to March 2009 and who were seen at the emergency centers in two university teaching hospitals. Results: Forty four patients out of 47 patients suffered from chemical burn, while the injuries of the remaining 3 could not be identified by the medical records. A total of 17 hydrofluoric acid chemical injury patients were enrolled during the study period, and their mean age was $29.6{\pm}7.0$. All the patients were accidentally injured by contact with the material and none of them inhaled or ingested the material. Only 6 patients wore appropriate protective equipments and 5 underwent the water irrigation for more than 10 minutes. The most common exposure area was the hand and forearm (70.5%). Less than 1% of all of the patients had their total body surface (TBS) exposed to hydrofluoric acid (mean=0.35%). The mean time interval from calcium gluconate administration to pain relief was $33.6{\pm}8.8$ hours. Conclusion: When exposed to hydrofluoric acid, it is important to wear protective equipment and undergo water irrigation for more than 10 minutes. Pain and skin damage were observed in all the patients. After treatment, we concluded that administration of calcium gluconate and pain killers was successful in relieving pain, and the prognosis was also positive for the admitted and followed up patients when less than 1% of the TBS was exposed.

TESS 보고 양식을 활용한 대전 지역의 중독 양상

박정규,정성필,김승환,유인술,박준석,유진현,양영모,정시경,Park Jung Kyoo,Jeong Sung Phil,Kim Seung Hwan,Yoo In Sui,Park Joon Seok,Yoo Jin Hyun,Yang Yeong Mo,Jeong Si Kyung 대한임상독성학회 2004 대한임상독성학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Purpose: A number of reports about the intoxicated patients have been introduced, but there were few multicenter studies. The purpose of this study was to analyse the patients with toxic exposure in the Daejon province. Methods: The patients who were presented to the four academic emergency departments in Daejon with toxic exposure were enrolled from January to June 2003. The collected variables were according to the form which modified from the Toxic Exposure Surveillance System (TESS) of the American Association of Poison Control Centers. Results: The toxic exposure patients were 362 cases which is $0.78\%$ of total patients presented to the emergency department. The most common exposure site was home ($84\%$). Eighteen percent of cases were exposed by two or more substances. The most common substance was the pesticides ($34.8\%$), and the non-prescription drugs ($32.6\%$) was followed. The suicidal attempt was the top reason for exposure ($67.1\%$). The route of exposure other than ingestion was $3.6\%$. Although the most patients left the hospital within a day, the average treatment period was 4.4 days. Thirty-one patients ($8.6\%$) were expired, and 22 among them were exposed to the paraquat. Conclusion: We reported the current status of toxic exposure in Daejon province by modified TESS style.

臨床觀察關于愈肝汤治療濕热型肝病

謝春嬌(Chun Jiao Xie),徐富一(Bu Il Seo),宋春浩(Choon Ho Song),楊裕仁(Yoo In Yang),申舜植(Soon Shik Shin) 한의병리학회 2008 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.22 No.3

노인 외상 환자의 중증도 분류 시 Triage-revised Trauma Score의 의의

양영모,하영록,정성필,김승환,유인술 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Backgrouds: The mortality of geriatric trauma patients is higher than that of other age groups. However, little research has been done the methods or criteria of triage for geriatric trauma patients. This study evaluated a clinical significance of the triage-revised trauma score(t-RTS) for triage of geriatric trauma patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data on 528 trauma patients over 65 years of age who were treated from Jan 1999 to Dec 2000. The t-RTS was calculated utilizing the RR(respiratory rate), SBP(systolic BP), and GCS scores and the ISS was abstracted from the final diagnosis. The obtained t-RTS and ISS were evaluated using the measures of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and AUC curve. Results: The overall mortality rate was 9%, and there was no significant differences between the survival group and the mortality group according to age and sex. The mean scores of SBP, RR and GCS of the survival group were significantly higher than those of mortality group(p=0.001). The mean of t-RTS and RTS of the survival group were also significantly higher(p=0.001), but the ISS was significantly higher in the mortality group(p=0.001). The t-RTS, RTS, and ISS showed good prediction rates on the ROC curve(p=0.001), and the AUC value was higher in the ISS than in the t-RTS and the RTS. The sensitivity and the accuracy were high in the t-RTS and the RTS, and the specificity was high in the ISS. The t-RTS is less than 10 for a survival probability of 50% or less Conclusions: Implementation of the t-RTS in the triage of geriatric trauma patients in the field and in emergency room would be very useful. The probability of death in geriatric trauma patients is high when the t-RTS is less than 10.

뇌경색의 진단에서 확산강조 및 T2강조 영상의 유용성 비교

유승,양영모,유인술,김승환,하영록,정성필 대한응급의학회 2002 대한응급의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

Purpose: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) has been known to visualize hyperacute ischemic stroke. And it takes only a few minutes to do. Moreover only a small amount of time and little cost is required to add T2-weighted imaging(T2WI) to DWI. The purpose of this study is to determine the usefulness of T2WI in addition to DWI as a primary imaging modality for patients with suspected ischemic stroke. Methods: DWI plus T2WI was performed from January to May 2001 on the patients with suspected ischemic stroke. Two emergency physicians reviewed the films and medical records. The sensitivity and the specificity of DWI and T2WI for acute ischemic stroke were calculated. The agreement between DWI and T2WI was calculated using kappa statistics. Results: A total of 241 patients were enrolled. Acute ischemic stroke was confirmed in 86 (35.7%) patients. The sensitivity and the specificity of DWI for acute ischemic stroke were 94.2% and 98.7%, and those for T2WI were 60.5% and 94.2% respectively. The kappa value was 0.721 (p<0.01). Among the 86 acuted ischemic stroke patients, the number of cases who presented less than 6 hours after symptom onset was significantly lower in the T2WI positive group (31% vs. 68.7%, p<0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that the addition of T2WI to DWI. as a primary imaging modality for acute ischemic stroke has little benefit compared to DWI alone, especially, when the symptom duration has been less than 6 hours.

PC12를 이용한 신경세포 허혈모델에서 irp94 유전자의 발현

김승환,양영모,하영록,정성필,유인술,김인병 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Background: The ischemia responsive protein 94 kDa(irp94) gene belongs to the heat shock protein 110 family and was isolated in 1999 from rat brain by transiently induced forebrain ischemia. The PC12 cell is the pheochromocytoma cell line of rat, which is differentiated to a sympathetic neuron-like cell by the stimulation of a nerve growth factor. This study is to determine whether irp94 is expressed when an ischemia-like condition is induced by ATP depletion in cultured PC12 cells in vitro. Methods: PC12 cells were maintained as monolayer cultures in RPMI-1640 medium(Sigma) supplemented with 10% horse serum, 5% fetal bovine serum, 5 mg/ml transferrin, and 1 mg/ml insulin in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator at 37℃. The ATP depleting agent antimycin A was added at concentrations of 1, 2.5, and 5 μM to simulate ischemia, and 10 μg/ml of tunicamycin, which is expected to express heat shock protein maximally, was used as a positive control. The cells were harvested after a 60-minute incubation, and the total RNA was extracted. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was performed to use 501 bp irp94 cDNA as a molecular probe, and the expression of irp94 mRNA was analyzed by northern blotting. Results: The irp94 mRNA expression was enhanced, compared to the negative control group, as the concentration of antimycin A was increased. Conclusion: This study suggests that irp94 mRNA expression is enhanced as the severity of ischemia is increased. Thus, it is possible to investigate the mechanism of ischemic neuronal injury indirectly by using this in-vitro model of neuronal ischemia.

의료계 파업기간중 전문의의 응급실 근무가 진료에 미치는 영향

이석우,양영모,하영록,정성필,유인술,김승환 대한응급의학회 2002 대한응급의학회지 Vol.13 No.2

Purpose: To evaluate the quality of the emergency medical care during doctors' strike at a hospital in Korea. Methods: During a period of 7 consecutive days, from 20th to 26th June 2000, the training physicians in Korea were on strike against medical reform and the emergency medical care was provided by medical staffs without training physicians. We drew out convenient samples by systematic allocation method and reviewed the medical records. We evaluated the patients' severities, the number of diagnostic tests and therapeutic procedures, the admission rates, and the lengths of stay at emergency department(ED) in the strike period (SP) compared to control period(NSP) from 20th to 26th June, 1999. Results: The two groups(SP: 191 vs NSP: 202 patients) showed significant differences in the proportion of emergent patients(17.3 vs 32.7%), ED length of stay(1.98 vs 4.47 hours), the number of diagnostic tests (1.47 vs 3.92), the injection rates(17.3 vs 35.1%), and the adverse event rates(4.5 vs 6.5%). Conclusion: This study suggested that the ED administration by medical staffs without training physicians improves medical quality of emergency care.