고빈도 120 Hz 전침이 Carrageenan으로 유발된 흰쥐의 Prostaglandin E2와 척수 N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor 발현에 미치는 영향

손인석,최병태,장경전 대한침구의학회 2003 대한침구의학회지 Vol.20 No.1

The Effects of 120 Hz Electroacupuncture on the Prostaglandin E2 and Spinal N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Expression in the Carrageenan-Injected Rat

A study on a composite support vector quantile regression with varying coefficient model

손인석,심주용,석경하 한국데이터정보과학회 2018 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.29 No.4

Varying coefficient models are widely used to explore dynamic patterns of regression parameters among regression models available to avoid the curse of dimensionality. In this paper we propose a new regression estimation of the varying coefficient composite support vector quantile regression which combines the formulations of the composite quantile regression and the varyng coefficient support vector quantile regression which is a nonparametric quantile regression with varying regression quantiles. We also consider a cross validation method for the optimal values of hyperparameters which affect the performance of the proposed method. Numerical studies with synthetic and real data are conducted to illustrate the performance of the proposed estimation of the regression functions.

후방 기기고정 부위 최상부 추체의 압박골절에서 경피적 척추경주위 접근을 통한 척추체 성형술 - 증례 보고

손인석,윤종석,정훈재,강민석 대한척추외과학회 2020 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.27 No.3

Study Design: Case report. Objectives: This case report presents a surgical technique used to perform vertebral anterior column stabilization in an elderly male patient who had recently been diagnosed with an uppermost instrumented vertebral fracture (IVF) at the site of previous posterior lumbar instrumented fusion (PIF). Summary of Literature Review: Although conservative treatment is also used for IVF, the proximal junction of PIF is an area where the compression load is concentrated biomechanically, so the uppermost IVF often requires surgical treatment. This may require fixation of extended segments and more surgical morbidity. Materials and Methods: A 73-year-old male patient who had undergone PIF from L2 to L5 more than 20 years previously was recently diagnosed with uppermost IVF without a traumatic event. He complained of persistent back pain even after 2 months of conservative treatment. He ultimately underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty through the parapedicular approach. Result: The patients showed a favorable outcome at a 1-year follow-up. Conclusions: Percutaneous vertebroplasty through the parapedicular approach for uppermost IVF at the site of a previous PIF might be a feasible and less invasive alternative. 연구 계획: 증례보고목적: 본 연구의 목적은 후방 기기 고정부위 최상부 추체의 압박 골절에서 척추경 주위 (parapedicular) 접근을 통한 경피적 척추체 성형술을 시행한 증례보고이다. 선행 연구문헌의 요약: 후방 기기 고정부위 추체에서 발생한 압박골절(Instrumented vertebral fracture; IVF)은 보존적 치료를 선택하는 경우가 많다. 그러나 후방 기기 고정의 근위 이행부의 경우는 생체역학적으로 압축 부하가 집중되는 부위이기 때문에 최상부 IVF의 경우 장분절 고정술을 요할 수 있다. 하지만, 이는 장분절 고정술과 높은 수술적 이환을 요한다. 대상 및 방법: 20여년전 제 2요추-5요추 간 후방 요추 기기 유합술을 시행 받은 73세 남자 환자에서, 저명한 외상력 없이 최상부 기기고정 요추 골절로 진단되었다. 이에 2개월간 보존적인 치료를 시행했음에도 지속적인 요통과 추체의 점진적인 높이 소실이 관찰되었다. 환자는 척추경 주위 (parapedicular) 접근을 통한 경피적 척추체 성형술을 시행받았다. 결과: 척추체 성형술 시행 후 일 년간의 추적관찰에서 좋은 결과를 보였다. 결론: 최상부 IVF에서, 척추경 주위 접근을 통한 경피적 척추체 성형술은 비침습적이고 실현 가능한 하나의 대안으로 고려될 수 있다. 약칭 제목: 척추경주위접근적 척추성형술

시간 경로 마이크로어레이 자료의 군집 분석에 관한 고찰

손인석,이재원,김서영,Sohn In-Suk,Lee Jae-Won,Kim Seo-Young 한국통계학회 2006 응용통계연구 Vol.19 No.1

생물학자들은 시간에 따라 발현 수준이 변화하는 유전자의 군집화를 시도하고 있다. 지금까지는 마이크로어레이 자료의 군집분석에 관한 연구의 경우 군집 방법 자체를 비교하는 연구가 주를 이루었다. 그러나 군집화 이전에 의미있는 변화를 보이는 유전자 선택에 따라 군집화 결과가 달라지기 때문에, 군집 분석에 있어서 유전자 선택 단계도 중요하게 고려되어야 한다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 시간 경로 마이크로어레이 자료를 군집 분석하는데 있어서 유전자 선택, 군집 방법 선택, 군집평가 방법 선택 등 3가지 요인을 고려한 폭 넓은 비교 연구를 하였다. Biologists are attempting to group genes based on the temporal pattern of gene expression levels. So far, a number of methods have been proposed for clustering microarray data. However, the results of clustering depends on the genes selection, therefore the gene selection with significant expression difference is also very important to cluster for microarray data. Thus, this paper present the results of broad comparative studies to time course microarray data by considering methods of gene selection, clustering and cluster validation.

증후성 쉬모를 결절에 대한 신경절 이후 신경차단술의 치료 효과: 후향적 증례 분석

손인석,황석현,이석하,강민석 대한척추외과학회 2018 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.25 No.4

Study Design: Retrospective case series. Objectives: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical efficacy of postganglionic nerve block in symptomatic Schmorl nodules (SNs). Summary of Literature Review: SNs are common lesions that are often asymptomatic. In certain cases, SNs have been reported to cause severe axial back pain, thereby considerably impacting patients’ quality of life. No consensus currently exists on the treatment of symptomatic SNs. Materials and Methods: From October 2015 to October 2017, a total of 21 patients with symptomatic SNs diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that did not respond to conservative treatment after 4 weeks were included in the study. All patients received postganglionic nerve block. We evaluated effective pain relief (improvement of back pain of more than 50% compared with before the intervention) and functional improvements, assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index scores obtained at 4 hours, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after the procedure. Results: Symptomatic SNs were more common at the L2-3 level, and the lower end plate was more commonly involved than the upper end plate. Eighteen of the 21 patients (85.7%) showed effective pain relief, and no deterioration was observed within the followup period. Throughout the follow-up period, the VAS remained significantly improved compared to before the procedure (p<0.05). Complications were not reported in any cases. Conclusions: Postganglionic nerve block for symptomatic SNs that do not respond to conservative treatment is a non-invasive modality for pain relief. 연구 계획: 후향적 사례분석목적: 보존적 치료에 반응하지 않는 증후성 쉬모를 결절에서 신경절 이후 신경차단술의 임상 결과를 후향적으로 평가하고자 하였다. 선행 연구문헌의 요약: 쉬모를 결절은 대부분 우연히 발견되는 무증상의 추체내 병변으로 알려져 있으나, 때로 중증의 축성요통의 원인이며, 삶의 질에상당한 영향을 미친다고 보고되고 있다. 증후성 쉬모를 결절에 대한 치료법에 대해서 아직까지 명확한 합의는 없다. 대상 및 방법: 2015년 10월부터 2017년 10월까지 4주간 약물치료, 침상안정 및 물리치료 등의 보존적 치료에 반응하지 않으면서, 자기공명영상 검사 상증후성 쉬모를 결절로 진단된 총 21명의 환자를 대상으로 신경절 이후 신경차단술을 시행하였다. 시술 후 4시간, 4주, 8주, 3개월 및 6개월에 시각 통증척도(VAS)와 Oswestry disability index (ODI)를 통해 효과적인 통증 완화(시술 전 대비 50% 이상의 요통 호전) 및 기능 척도의 호전을 평가하였다. 결과: 증후성 쉬모를 결절은 제 2-3요추 부위에서 호발 하였으며, 상부 종판에 비해 하부 종판의 침범이 많이 관찰되었다. 총 21명의 환자 중 18명의 환자에서(85.7%) 효과적인 통증 완화를 보였으며, 추시 기간 내 재 악화 소견은 관찰되지 않았다. 전체 추시 기간 동안 시술 전 대비 VAS는 유의하게 호전되었다(p<0.05). 전례에서 시술 후 합병증은 보고되지 않았다. 결론: 보존적 치료에 반응하지 않는 증후성 쉬모를 소결절에서 신경절 이후 신경차단술은 통증 호전을 위한 좋은 비침습적 치료법 중 하나이다. 약칭 제목: 쉬모를 결절에서 신경절 이후 차단술

1P-113 바이오매스 유래 선형 디에시드(C9~C12)를 이용한 폴리아마이드 합성과 특성 분석

손인석,최명석,최철규 한국공업화학회 2014 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2014 No.0

濟州市 三大 河川地帶의 地質構造와 地形發達

尹正守,孫仁錫 濟州大學校海洋硏究所 1991 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.15 No.-

The pupose of this study is to investigated the landform developments in relation with the geological structures the Byungmun, Sanji and Hand stream which are situated in Cheju city. Stream drain radially from Mt. Halla in their upstream sides, but later change their course to either south or north at the northern plateau area that acted a divide. It is weil-known that stream which have perennial stream are very scare. Due to the steep mountain slopes and short runway and impervious volcanic rock, stream get dry short after torrential run off right after rain fall. Only few stream have permanent flows in down stream shortly, and most of them furthermore developed in south-wester area of Cheju Island. The joint system observed are dominated as follow; conjugation of N16˚∼25˚E formed 25.2%,conjugaation of N6˚∼15˚W, N46˚∼ 55˚E and N26˚∼35˚E occupied 22.7% respectively. Prevaling stream direction of the Han, Byungmun and Sanji are represented by N∼NW directions. The drainage pattern of the area are well developed into mostly radially on the volcanic rocks, although angulate pattern occur in places. The Han stream is longer in lenth and steeper in channel gredient than Byungmun and Sanji stream. The trunk streams on the volcanic plains are generally graded. The stream order of the Hancheun has the 5th order whereas the Byungmun the 3th order and the Sanji the 2th order. The bifurcation ratio is 2.22 in the Han stream, 2.75 in the Byungmun and 3.0 in the Sanji, which indicates that the Han stream is most highly developed in the tribuaries. The mean slope are higher in the trachyte and trachy-andesite terrian than in the area of basalt rocks. In view of a slope angle, the area can be divided into four categories, that is low plains(under5˚), hilly gentle slope(under10˚), moderate steep mountain slopd(over15˚), and steep mountain slope(over20˚). The mean local relief in the Han stream is higher than those of the Byungmun and Sanji. Geological structure of the strdy area is controlled by place and type of lava eruption, and structure winthin the lava such as joint, porosith and lava tennel. This stucture seems to have contributed to the formation of the present topography alone with weathering and erosion of upper tributaries of the streams and are very important in view point of landform development.

黃芩藥鍼液이 家兎의 腎皮質切片에서 Oxidant로 유발된 유기양이온의 이동장애에 미치는 影響

손인석,조태성,권혜연,조미형,윤현민,장경전,송춘호,안창범 대한침구의학회 2002 대한침구의학회지 Vol.19 No.2

Synthesis and characterization of aliphatic polyamide hybrids with 5-(4-Carboxyphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin

손인석,최명석 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0

In this study, a series of aliphatic polyamide hybrids with porphyrin was synthesized. Porphyrin is a good electron donor and is put into a polymer system as a conductive filler for a conductive polymer composite. Aliphatic polyamides were synthesized from hexamethylene diamine (HMDA), tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TAEA) and various dicarboxylic acid. These dicarboxylic acid have long alkyl chain as long as from 9 to 12, which are derived from biomass. Porphyrin was combined with not reacted amine of TAEA moiety. Structural characterization of hybrid materials was confirmed by UV-Vis absorption, FL, FT-IR, DSC, and so on.

Synthesis and characterization of aliphatic polyamide hybrids with C₆₀

손인석,최명석 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.1

Recently, industrial application of dicarboxylic acids (H₂OC-(CH₂)n-CO₂H) is an important issue, which can be obtained from biomass such as vegetable oils and animal fats. Decanedioic acid and its derivatives produced via biotechnological process are used industrially as components in the synthesis of plasticizers, lubricants, polyester, and polyamide. C₆₀ is a moderate electron acceptor and has been incorporated with a variety of polymers used for electronic devices including solar cell. In this study, a series of soluble aliphatic polyamides were synthesized from dicarboxylic acid having long alkyl chain such as nonanedioic acid and undecanedioic acid, with a mixture of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA)/ tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TAEA) with different mole ratio, where unreacted amine of TAEA moiety can combine with C₆₀. Structural characterization of hybrid materials was confirmed by UV-Vis absorption, FT-IR, NMR, DSC, and so on. We discuss the electrical and thermal properties of aliphatic polyamide-C₆₀ hybrid.