Comparison of stomach microRNA transcriptomes of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs by deep sequencing

Wen‑kui Sun,Yanyue Li,Chi Cheng,Yi‑hui Chen,Kai Zeng,Xiaohui Chen,Yiren Gu,Rui Liu,Xuebin Lv,Rong Gao 한국유전학회 2018 Genes & Genomics Vol.40 No.9

MiRNAs regulate the expression of target genes in diverse cellular processes and hence play important roles in different physiological processes, yet little is known about the stomach microRNAome (miRNAome) of the Tibetan pig. The objective of this experiment was to investigate differentially expressed stomach miRNAs participating in digestion. Firstly, we isolated total RNA by Trizol reagent from three Tibetan and three Yorkshire purebred pigs stomach samples at 90-day-old. Secondly, a comprehensive analysis of Tibetan and Yorkshire pig stomach miRNAomes was performed by small RNA sequencing in the Illumina HiSeq 2000 system. Finally, SYBR Green Real-time RT-PCR was performed to validate the differentially expressed miRNAs. We identified 318 unique miRNAs, 260 were co-expressed in both libraries, 17 and 31 miRNAs were specifically expressed in Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs respectively. Fifty six differentially expressed miRNAs were identified by the identifying differentially expressed genes 6 (IDEG6). Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis revealed that some of the differentially expressed miRNAs were associated with protein and fat digestion. Two differentially expressed miRNAs (miR-214-3p and ssc-un39) participating in the digestion of lipid were identified. Additionally, qRT-PCR results suggested that a higher expression of miR-214-3p in the Tibetan pig stomach could lead to relatively lower expression of calcium-dependent phospholipase A2, which is an enzyme important for the digestion of glycerol phospholipid. This study has delineated the different stomach miRNAs expression patterns of Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs, which would help explain the regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in digestion of Tibetan pigs, and contribute to utilize a the unique digestion merits of Tibetan pig in future porcine hybridization breeding.

Association of Polymorphisms in Stress-Related TNFα and NPY Genes with the Metabolic Syndrome in Han and Hui Ethnic Groups

Bu, De-Yun,Ji, Wen-Wu,Bai, Dan,Zhou, Jian,Li, Hai-Xia,Yang, Hui-Fang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.14

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of complicated disorders caused by the interactive influencing factors of heredity and environment, which predisposes to many cnacers. Results from epidemic research indicate that stress is tightly related to the pathogenesis of MS and neoplasia. This paper aims to investigate the association between psychological stress and MS with respect to the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF${\alpha}$) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) genes in the Han and Hui ethnic groups. Methods: All subjects for this case-control study matched strict enrollment criteria (nationality, gender and age) and lived in the city of Wu Zhong of Ningxia Province in China. The enrolled group contained 102 matched pairs of Hui ethnic individuals and 98 matched pairs of Han ethnic individuals. Enrolled subjects completed the general Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). The TNF${\alpha}$-308G/A variant and NPYrs16147 polymorphism were detected in case (81 males, 119 females) and control (81 males, 119 females) groups by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification. Results: Nine factors of the SCL-90 were found to be statistically different (p<0.05) between case and control groups. The homozygous mutant genotype (AA) and the mutant allele (A) of the TNF${\alpha}$-308G/A gene were less frequently observed in the control population compared to the case group. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) in "Allele" for MS was 2.28 (1.47-3.53), p=0.0001, while "OR" was 1.11 (0.83-1.47), p=0.15, for the NPYrs16147 gene polymorphism. Conclusions: Psychological stress has been positively associated with MS. A previous study from our group suggested there were differences in the level of psychological stress between Hui and Han ethnic groups. Furthermore, we found that the stress-related TNF${\alpha}$ gene was associated with MS for both Han and Hui ethnic groups. In contrast, NPY may be a possible contributor to MS and associated cancer for the Han ethnic group.

Mitochondrial citrate accumulation drives alveolar epithelial cell necroptosis in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury

Yang Hui-Hui,Jiang Hui-Ling,Tao Jia-Hao,Zhang Chen-Yu,Xiong Jian-Bing,Yang Jin-Tong,Liu Yu-Biao,Zhong Wen-Jing,Guan Xin-Xin,Duan Jia-Xi,Zhang Yan-Feng,Liu Shao-Kun,Jiang Jian-Xin,Zhou Yong,Guan Cha-Xi 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Necroptosis is the major cause of death in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) during acute lung injury (ALI). Here, we report a previously unrecognized mechanism for necroptosis. We found an accumulation of mitochondrial citrate (citratemt) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated AECs because of the downregulation of Idh3α and citrate carrier (CIC, also known as Slc25a1). shRNA- or inhibitor–mediated inhibition of Idh3α and Slc25a1 induced citratemt accumulation and necroptosis in vitro. Mice with AEC-specific Idh3α and Slc25a1 deficiency exhibited exacerbated lung injury and AEC necroptosis. Interestingly, the overexpression of Idh3α and Slc25a1 decreased citratemt levels and rescued AECs from necroptosis. Mechanistically, citratemt accumulation induced mitochondrial fission and excessive mitophagy in AECs. Furthermore, citratemt directly interacted with FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) and promoted the interaction of FUNDC1 with dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), leading to excessive mitophagy-mediated necroptosis and thereby initiating and promoting ALI. Importantly, necroptosis induced by citratemt accumulation was inhibited in FUNDC1-knockout AECs. We show that citratemt accumulation is a novel target for protection against ALI involving necroptosis.

Quality of Life for Patients with Esophageal/Gastric Cardia Precursor Lesions or Cancer: A One-year Prospective Study

Wen, Ying,Pan, Xiong-Fei,Huang, Wen-Zhi,Zhao, Zhi-Mei,Wei, Wen-Qiang,Chen, Feng,Lan, Hui,Huang, He,Yang, Chun-Xia,Qiao, You-Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.1

Background: The current study examined health-related quality of life (QoL) for patients with esophageal/gastric cardia precursor lesions or cancer before and after treatment to facilitate improved prevention and treatment. Materials and Methods: Patients with different stages of esophageal/gastric cardia lesions completed two QoL questionnaires, EORTC QLQ-C30 and supplemental QLQ-OES 18, before primary treatment, and at 1, 6 and 12 months after treatment. Results: Fifty-nine patients with precursor lesions, 57 with early stage cancer, and 43 with advanced cancer responded to our survey. Patients with precursor lesions or early stage cancer reported better QoL overall than those with advanced cancer before treatment (p<0.01). Global QoL scores before treatment and at 1 month after treatment were $71{\pm}9$ versus $69{\pm}9$ (p>0.01), $71{\pm}8$ versus $61{\pm}11$ (p<0.01), $67{\pm}11$ versus $62{\pm}9$ (p<0.01) for three stages of lesions. At 6 months after treatment, some QoL measures recovered gradually in precursor lesion and early cancer patients, while some continuously deteriorated in advanced cancer patients. At 12 months, all QoL scores were comparable to baseline for patients with precursor lesions (p>0.01), while global QoL, social, pain, and insomnia scores for early stage and advanced cancer were inferior to corresponding baseline levels (difference between means>5, p<0.01). At this time point, compared with patients with early stage cancer, those with advanced cancer showed worse QoL with all function and most symptom measures (p<0.01). Conclusions: Patients with precursor lesions or early stage esophageal/gastric cardia cancer show better QoL than those with advanced cancer. This indicates that screening, early diagnosis and treatment may improve the QoL for esophageal/gastric cardia cancer patients. Target intervention and counseling should be given by health care providers during treatment and follow-up to facilitate QoL improvement.

Data Preprocessing Using Hybrid General Regression Neural Networks and Particle Swarm Optimization for Remote Terminal Units

Wen-Hui Chen,Jun-Horng Chen,Shih-Chun Shao 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2012 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.10 No.2

Data corruption in SCADA systems refers to errors that occur during acquisition, processing, or transmission, introducing unintended changes to the original data. In SCADA-based power systems, the data gathered by remote terminal units (RTUs) is subject to data corruption due to noise interfer-ence or lack of calibration. In this study, an effective approach based on the fusion of the general re-gression neural network (GRNN) and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique is employed to deal with errors in RTU data. The proposed hybrid model, denoted as GRNN-PSO, is able to handle noisy data in a fast speed, which makes it feasible for practical applications. Experimental results show the GRNN-PSO model has better performance in removing the unintended changes to the original data compared with existing methods.

Correlation between rearing temperature and the dual cellulolytic system of Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki and its intestinal microenvironment

Wen-Hui Zeng,Zhi-Qiang Li,Bing-Rong Liu,Qiu-Jian Li,Jun-Hong Zhong 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.1

The lower termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, is an important model species for studying the dual cellulolytic system of termites. The effect of rearing temperature on the interaction between the intestinal symbiont community and the host in lignocelluloses digestion was investigated by assaying the activity and gene expression of cellulase, and monitoring the population size of intestinal protozoan community, which was followed by rearing C. formosanus at a temperature gradient (15–37 °C) for 3 d. The results showed that the rearing temperature of C. formosanus had a much greater impact on cellulase activity and gene transcription of the intestinal symbiont than on the host. The transcriptional variations of endogenous and symbiotic cellulase genes presented mutual complement and restrained when C. formosanus living in high temperature environment (32 and 37 °C). Additionally, the optimum survival temperature of Pseudotrichonympha grassii Koidzumi (22 °C) was found lower than that of Holomastigotoides mirabile Koidzumi (28 °C) and Spirotrichonympha leidyi Koidzumi (28 °C).The optimum rearing temperature for cellulase activity and protozoan survival of C. formosanus was found much lower than its optimum temperature for feeding. These findings provide a novel glimpse into host-symbiotic mutualism in lower termite digestion.

A Fast Kernel Regression Framework for Video Super-Resolution

( Wen-sen Yu ),( Ming-hui Wang ),( Hua-wen Chang ),( Shu-qing Chen ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.1

A series of kernel regression (KR) algorithms, such as the classic kernel regression (CKR), the 2- and 3-D steering kernel regression (SKR), have been proposed for image and video super-resolution. In existing KR frameworks, a single algorithm is usually adopted and applied for a whole image/video, regardless of region characteristics. However, their performances and computational efficiencies can differ in regions of different characteristics. To take full advantage of the KR algorithms and avoid their disadvantage, this paper proposes a kernel regression framework for video super-resolution. In this framework, each video frame is first analyzed and divided into three types of regions: flat, non-flat-stationary, and non-flat-moving regions. Then different KR algorithm is selected according to the region type. The CKR and 2-D SKR algorithms are applied to flat and non-flat-stationary regions, respectively. For non-flat-moving regions, this paper proposes a similarity-assisted steering kernel regression (SASKR) algorithm, which can give better performance and higher computational efficiency than the 3-D SKR algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that the computational efficiency of the proposed framework is greatly improved without apparent degradation in performance.

Molecular cloning, expression profiles and subcellular localization of cyclin B in ovary of the mud crab, Scylla paramamosain

Wen-Xing Li,Hui-Yang Huang,Jing-Ru Huang,Jin-Jin Yu,Jun Ma,Hai-Hui Ye 한국유전학회 2013 Genes & Genomics Vol.35 No.2

A full-length cDNA of cyclin B was isolated from ovary of the mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) in this study. This transcript encodes a polypeptide of 401 amino acids, which is highly homologous to cyclin B protein family. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) showed that cyclin B mRNA was expressed at highest levels in ovary of the mud crab. During the ovarian maturation process, realtime RT-PCR revealed that the abundance of cyclin B mRNA increased from the second stage (early-developing stage) to the fourth stage (nearly-ripe stage) and reached the peak level at the fifth stage (ripe stage). This result indicates the identified cyclin B gene might be related to the cell proliferation in ovary, both mitotically and meiotically. Immunohistochemistry showed that cyclin B protein was localized in the cytoplasm of prophase oocytes at the second stage while enriched in the nuclei of pro-metaphase oocytes at the fourth stage. It suggests the tested cyclin B protein might play different roles in ovary at the two stages.

Serotonin and Synaptic Transmission at Invertebrate Neuromuscular Junctions

Wen-Hui Wu,Robin L. Cooper 한국뇌신경과학회 2012 Experimental Neurobiology Vol.21 No.3

The serotonergic system in vertebrates and invertebrates has been a focus for over 50 years and will likely continue in the future. Recently, genomic analysis and discovery of alternative splicing and differential expression in tissues have increased the knowledge of serotonin (5-HT) receptor types. Comparative studies can provide useful insights to the wide variety of mechanistic actions of 5-HT responsible for behaviors regulated or modified by 5-HT. To determine cellular responses and influences on neural systems as well as the efferent control of behaviors by the motor units, preparations amenable to detailed studies of synapses are beneficial as working models. The invertebrate neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) offer some unique advantages for such investigations; action of 5-HT at crustacean NMJs has been widely studied, and leech and Aplysia continue to be key organisms. However, there are few studies in insects likely due to the focus in modulation within the CNS and lack of evidence of substantial action of 5-HT at the Drosophila NMJs. There are only a few reports in gastropods and annelids as well as other invertebrates. In this review we highlight some of the key findings of 5-HT actions and receptor types associated at NMJs in a variety of invertebrate preparations in hopes that future studies will build on this knowledge base.

Aspergillus sensitization associated with current asthma in children: NHANES 2005-2006

Wen Hui-Ju,Wang Shu-Li,Li Ming-Chieh,Guo Yue Leon 한국역학회 2022 Epidemiology and Health Vol.44 No.-

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between allergen sensitization and current asthma in children from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006. METHODS: Children from the NHANES 2005-2006, aged 6 to 19 years, were included in this study. A structured questionnaire was used to assess asthma status, including without asthma, asthma in remission, and current asthma. Nineteen specific IgE (sIgE) levels were measured using the Pharmacia Diagnostics ImmunoCAP 1000 System (Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA). A machine-learning method was applied to select important sIgEs related to childhood asthma. Multivariate regression analysis was used to test this hypothesis. RESULTS: A total of 2,875 children were recruited. The prevalence of ever having asthma and current asthma was, 16.5% and 5.6%, respectively. Six specific IgE levels were found to contribute to asthma using bootstrap forest selection. After adjusting for child’s sex, age, and family income, children with the double of sIgE levels of Dermatophagoides farinae, dog, and Aspergillus were related to current asthma, as compared to children without asthma [odds ratio (95% confident interval)= 1.11 (1.04-1.19), 1.30 (1.16-1.46), and 1.54 (1.38-1.72), respectively]. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggested that allergen sensitization, especially to Aspergillus, is associated with current asthma in children. Strategies to reduce sensitization may help prevent and manage asthma.