물질주의가 과시소비, 충동구매와 삶의 만족 및 부정적 감정에 미치는 영향

윤성욱(Yoon, Sung-wook),강아롱(Kang, A-rong) 한국경영교육학회 2021 경영교육연구 Vol.36 No.1

[연구목적] 물질주의의 부정적인 영향에 대한 선행연구들은 이루어져 왔지만, 물질주의가 과시소비 및 충동구매에 영향을 미치고 이러한 비합리적인 소비가 삶의 만족 및 부정적 감정에 미치는 전체 변수들 간의 연구는 전무했기에 본 연구에서 이러한 관계들이 동시에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 한다. [연구방법] 본 연구는 자료 분석을 위해 신뢰도분석, 탐색적 요인분석, 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 후 측정모델의 적합도를 평가하였고, 이를 바탕으로 측정모형과 구조모델을 동시에 측정하는 구조방정식 검증을 실시하였다. [연구결과] 본 연구를 통한 결과는 다음과 같다. 물질주의가 높을수록 과시소비와 충동구매를 더 하는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 과시소비 성향이 높을수록 삶의 만족도는 낮아지며, 부정적 감정은 높았다. 마지막으로 충동구매 성향이 높을수록 부정적 감정은 높았지만, 삶의 만족도에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. [연구의 시사점] 본 연구의 결과를 토대로 청소년들의 올바른 가치관과 소비 형태를 정립할 수 있는 교육 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이라 본다. 그리고 물질주의를 통한 올바르지 못한 구매들이 부정적인 감정을 높이고 삶의 만족을 떨어뜨릴 수 있음을 공익광고를 통해 건전한 인식 전환을 시도해 볼 수 있을 것이며, 구매 후에 느낄 수 있는 부정적 감정들에 대해서는 과시를 통한 우월감, 만족감으로 대신하거나, 실용적인 측면들을 내세워 소비에 대한 정당성을 확보하여 부정적 감정들을 완화 시킬 수 있을 것으로 본다. [Purpose] Previous studies on the negative effects of materialism have been carried out, there has been no study of materialism’s effects on conspicuous consumption and impulse buying nor the study of entire variables between the effects of irrational consumption and satisfaction with life and negative emotions. In this context, this study examines the simultaneous effects of the relationships. [Methodology] This study evaluated the measuring model’s fitness after performing a reliability analysis, an exploratory factor analysis, and a confirmatory factor analysis. Based on this, the verification of the structural equation model simultaneously measuring the measuring model and the structural model was performed. [Findings] The results of this study are as follows: As materialism was higher, conspicuous consumption and impulse buying were higher. As conspicuous consumption was higher, satisfaction with life became lower but negative emotions were higher. Lastly, as the impulse buying disposition was higher, negative emotions were higher, but it did not affect satisfaction with life. [Implications] The result of this study can be used for educational data to establish adolescents’ proper values and behavioral patterns. A sound awareness shift that improper buying can elevate negative emotions and lower satisfaction with life can be attempted through public service advertisement. Negative emotions can be eased by securing legitimacy on consumption by replacing negative emotions with sense of superiority and satisfaction or by presenting the practical aspect.

내시경적 점막절제술로 치험한 식도 과립상 세포종 1례

강혁주,김성욱,최석진,이중현,장재식,서영범,윤병구,박건욱,김성자,김용섭,강승완,이구,양창헌,이창우,김욱년,이광헌,서정일 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

과립상 세포종은 Schwann 세포 기원으로 생각되며 인체에 비교적 드물게 발생한다. 과립상 세포종은 전신 어느 곳에서나 발견될 수 있으나 주로 혀, 구강, 피부 혹은 유방 등에서 호발하며 드물게 위장관에서 발견된다. 위장관에서는 식도에서 가장 호발하며 다음으로 위, 대장 순이다. 과립상 세포종은 대부분, 특히 위장관에서는 양성이며 소수의 악성 병변이 보고되었다. 이러한 이유와 함께 수술 전의 진단이 어렵기 때문에 과립상 세포종에 대한 근본적인 치료는 현재까지 외과적 절제술이다. 최근에 시도되는 치료방법들로는 내시경적 레이저 치료, 용종절제술, 내시경적 점막 절제술 등이 있다. 저자들은 상부 소화관 내시경검사를 시행하여 식도 과립상 세포종을 진단하고 내시경적 점막 절제술을 시행하여 합병증 없이 퇴원하여 현재 재발없이 경과 관찰중인 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Granular cell tumors, which occur infrequently, are probably of Schwann cell origin. They can occur almost anywhere in the body but usually affect the tongue, oral cavity, skin, or breasts and are rarely found in the gastrointestinal tracts. The esophagus is the most frequent gastrointestinal site, followed by the stomach and the colon. Granular cell tumors are generally benign, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, some malignant lesions have been reported. For this reason, and also because preoperative diagnosis is difficult, the standard treatment for granular cell tumor has until now been surgical excision. In recent years, other therapeutic methods is endoscopic laser therapy (ELT), polypectiomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). We report a case of esophageal granular cell tumor which was diagnosed by an endoscopy and managed using an endoscopic mucosal resection without complication.

무선 ATM에서 ABR 서비스를 위한 MAC 프로토콜에 관한 연구

강상욱,윤정오,정종혁 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.3 No.1(A)

In this paper, we describe a wireless MAC protocol named APRMA(Abitrary Period Reservation Multiple Access), which is capable of supporting the ABR type data service and maximizing channel utilization. In original PRMA protocol, data terminals with random data packets cannot reserve slot. That is, slot reservation is applicable too the time constraint voice packet exclusively. But the reservation scheme have to be performed for loss sensitive data packet, so data packets can get their quality of service. The aspects of service, if fixed bandwidth is allocated to data terminals, time constraint voice packets may have a low efficiency. So in this study, the terminal which wants to request for ABR type service, acquires a minimum bandwidth from system for the first time. If the system have extra available bandwidth, ABR terminals would acquire additional bandwidth slot by slot. As a result, APRMA protocol can support the data service with loss sensitivity and maintain their channel utilization highly. Also high priority services like voice can be satisfied with their QoS by APRMA

2007년 대한감염학회 권장 성인 예방접종 권장안

강진한,김홍빈,손장욱,이상오,정문현,정희진,최영화,최정현,최준용,최희정 대한감염학회 2008 감염과 화학요법 Vol.40 No.1

In 2007, the Korean Society of Infectious Diseases recommended an immunization schedule for adults residing in Korea. This recommendation includes four categories: standard immunization for healthy persons, supplementary immunization for persons with underlying illnesses, recommendations for health-care personnel and for international travelers. The Standard Immunization Schedule consists of universal vaccination (tetanus-diphtheria/tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis (Td/Tdap); hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 20s; human papilloma virus vaccine for women under 26 years old; meningococcal vaccine for military recruits and college students in dormitories; influenza vaccination for persons aged 50 years or more and pregnant women; and pneumococcal vaccination for persons aged 65 years or more) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis A vaccine for persons aged 30s; hepatitis B vaccine, varicella and MMR vaccines for persons who have uncertain specific immunities). The Supplementary Immunization Schedule recommends 4 vaccines, i.e., pneumococcal, influenza, meningococcal, and Haemophilus influenzae type b, appropriate to the underlying illnesses, and confirmation of the presence of antibodies to hepatitis A and hepatitis B. The Recommendation for Health-Care Personnel includes universal vaccination (influenza and pertussis) and catch-up vaccination (hepatitis B, measles-mumps-rubella and varicella for seronegative health-care personnel). The Recommended Immunization for International Travelers focuses reinforcement of vaccinations for healthy persons and includes certain immunizations necessary for international travel (yellow fever, meningococcal, plaque, tick-borne encephalitis, and cholera). These guidelines can be seen at www.ksid.or.kr.

광대역 CDMA 시스템을 위한 Transmit Adaptive Array와 전송 안테나 선택 다이버시티 결합 기법

강상욱,윤정오 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.5 No.1(A)

Transmit diversity schemes are an effective capacity improvement method for down link of Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W- CDMA) systems. In this paper, we propose to use transmit antenna subset selection scheme in conjunction with closed loop Transmit Adaptive Array (TxAA). The proposed scheme selects N_s optimum antennas among N_T transmit antennas in order to maximize diversity gain from selected antennas, and also reduces the cost of RF chains by employing two different types of RF modules for the selected and the unselected antenna group. Under the same limitation on the amount of feedback information and feedback bandwidth as of the 3GPP specifications, the proposed scheme always outperforms the conventional closed loop TxAA with N_S antennas for all the mobile speeds. Moreover, the proposed scheme also shows better results than the TxAA with all the N_T antennas in realistic situations considering feedback delay, feedback bandwidth limitation and quantization.

수 종의 도재 수복물에 부착된 세라믹 브라켓의 전단접착강도와 파절양상에 열순환이 미치는 영향

강상욱,손우성,박수병,김성식 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.4

본 연구는 도재 수복물에 부착된 단결정 세라믹 브라켓의 전단접착강도와 파절양상에 열순환과 도재 수복물의 종류가 어떤 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 시행되었다. 도재전장관에 사용되는 재료들 중 Ceramco 3, Empress II, Zi-ceram/Vintage ZR 세 가지를 선택하여 각 20개씩 총 60개의 시편을 원반형태(두께 2 mm, 직경 12 mm)로 제작하였다. 동일한 접착 술식으로 세라믹 브라켓을 부착한 후 열순환을 시행한 실험군과 시행하지 않은 대조군, 두 군으로 나누어 전단접착강도와 파절양상을 평가하였다. 열순환을 하지 않은 대조군의 전단접착강도는 Ceramco 3는 7.06 ± 1.76 MPa, Empress II는 7.55 ± 2.38 MPa 그리고 Zi-ceram/Vintage ZR은 7.19 ± 1.38 MPa로 추천되는 전단접착강도(6 - 8 MPa)에 적합한 강도를 보였으나 열순환을 시행한 실험군은 전단접착강도가 유의하게 감소하였으며(p < 0.05) 열순환 후의 전단접착강도는 Ceramco 3는 4.88 ± 1.00 MPa, Empress II는 5.46 ± 1.35 MPa 그리고 Zi-ceram/ Vintage ZR은 4.84 ± 1.01 MPa로 임상적으로 추천되는 것보다 다소 낮은 값을 보였다. 도재의 종류에 따른 전단접착강도에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 파절양상은 대조군에서는 모두 브라켓 기저부와 접착제 사이에서 파절이 일어났으며, 실험군에서는 2개의 시편(Ceramco 3과 Zi-ceram/Vintage ZR군에서 각 1개)만이 접착제내 파절을 보였으며 28개의 시편은 브라켓 기저부와 접착제 사이에서 파절이 일어났다. 이상의 연구 결과에서 보았을 때 도재 수복물의 종류에 따른 차이는 없었으나 열순환에 의해 전단접착강도가 약화되므로 실제 임상에서 고려되어야 할 것이다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thermocycling and type of porcelain restoration on shear bond strength (SBS) and mode of failure of monocrystalline ceramic brackets. Methods: A total of 60 porcelain discs were made and divided into three equal groups as follows: Ceramco 3, IPS Empress II, Zi-ceram/Vintage ZR. ceramic brackets were bonded to the prepared porcelain surfaces in the same manner. Each group was divided randomly into two subgroups: thermocycled group and non-thermocycled group (control). All samples were tested in shear mode on an universal testing machine. Results: SBS of the non-thermocycled group was clinically acceptable (Ceramco 3: 7.06 ± 1.76 MPa, IPS Empress II: 7.55 ± 2.38 MPa, Zi-ceram/ Vintage ZR: 7.19 ± 1.38 MPa). But, SBS of the thermocycled group was significantly reduced (Ceramco 3: 4.88 ± 1.00 MPa, IPS Empress II: 5.46 ± 1.35 MPa, Zi-ceram/Vintage ZR: 4.84 ± 1.01 MPa, p < 0.05). There was no difference between the shear bond strength by type of porcelain restoration. All bonding failure occurred between bracket base and adhesive, except for 2 samples. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the type of porcelain restoration did not affect SBS, but thermocycling weakened SBS. Therefore, the effect of thermocycling should be considered when using ceramic brackets in practice.

驅動部 動特性을 高慮한 可變構造 制御 알고리듬

강익호,김정욱,신휘범,이정훈,고상호 慶尙大學校生産技術硏究所 1997 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.13 No.-

In this paper, the dynamics of actuators for generating the input of plants is considered in a design of the variable structure systems. While the input for plants is usually implemented by means of a certain actuator, the actuator dynamics is not incorporated in most of the VSS researches until now. The control algorithm of a VSS incorporating actuator dynamics is presented. and the simulation is given the usefulness of the algorithms.

위선암에서 p53과 EGFR 및 PCNA 발현에 관한 연구

강현욱,양승하,강상균 순천향의학연구소 1997 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.3 No.1

Expression of oncogene in the gastric adenocarcinoma was considered as a determinant factor of cancer progression or prognosis by some authors, however, the results were so fluctuated according to the authors that there was no uniform agreement in their clinicopathological correlation as well as in its practical application. To evaluate correlation between the pathologic finding and the expression of p53, EGFR and PCNA, immunohistochemical studies were performed on paraffin-embedded sections of 84 gastric adenocarcinomas. Pathologic findings were classified as 4 subgroups by their histologic types, differentiation, invasion and lymph node metastasis. The correlation of PCNA labelling index with various clinicopathologic factors and oncogene expression was studied. The results were as follows; 1. p53 expression was seen in 47cases(55.56%) of gastric carcinoma, and correlation between p53 expression with tumor type, differentiation, invasion and lymph node metastasis was not proved. EGFR positive expression was found in 37(44.05%) cases and was increased in advanced gastric carcinoma, and cases of lymph node metastasis. 2. Co-expression of p53 and EGFR was observed in 18 cases(33.33%), suggesting existence of both oncogene in the same case, while both negative cases were 18 cases(33.33%) that suggest the possibility of presence of the other factors. 3. PCNA labelling index was higher in advanced gastric carcinoma and in cases of lymph node metastasis, but there was no statistical significance. 4. There was no statistical significance between PCNALI and p53 expression. 5. PCNALI and EGFR expression was parallel with pathologic finding such as differentiation, progression and metastasis of the carcinoma, these results suggest that there was significant correlation between PCNALI and EGFR. 6. PCNALI was statistically significant between two groups of both p53 and EGFR positive and both negative. 7. PCNALI showed statistical significance between EGFR positive and negative groups in cases of lymph node metastasis. In summary, the value of p53 expression as a prognostic factor was still doubtful but EGFR and PCNA expression tended to be associated with tumor progression and seemed to be objective and reliable prognostic factors, respectively. Combined method of EGFR and PCNA thought to be more helpful in preoperative decision or prediction of prognosis in gastric carcinoma.

신경회로망 예측기법을 이용한 Variable Rate Leaky Bucket 알고리즘의 구현에 관한 연구

강상욱,윤정오,최병진 경운대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究論文誌 Vol.3 No.2(B)

ATM (asynchronous transfer mode)을 이용한 B-ISDN의 출현은 다양하고 새로운 멀티미디어 서비스를 가능하게 하였다. 그러나 다양한 트래픽 자원들의 버스트성 때문에 이들 트래픽을 동시에 서비스하는데 혼잡제어 (congestion control)라는 새로운 문제에 당면하고 있다. 이를 위하여 UPC/NPC (user parameter control/network parameter control)에 대한 여러 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있는데, 트래픽 상태와 버퍼의 점유 상태에 따라 토큰 생성율을 동적으로 변화시키는 VRLB(variable rate leaky bucket) 알고리즘이 UPC/NPC 메커니즘의 좋은 예가 될 수 있다. 그러나 VRLB 알고리즘과 같은 기존의 UPC/NPC 메커니즘의 단점은 토큰 생성율이 현재 망의 상태에 기반을 두고 있기 때문에, 버스티한 성격을 지닌 트래픽 자원 하에서는 효율성이 떨어진다는 것이다. 본 논문에서는 토큰 생성율을 현재 상태에 기반을 두고 결정하는 VRLA 알고리즘의 단점을 개선하기 위해서 신경회로망의 예측기법을 이용하여 토큰 생성율을 미리 예측하여 보다 유연하고 효율적으로 혼잡제어를 수행하는 새로운 알고리즘을 제안하고, 이의 성능을 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통하여 확인하였다.

NGO의 성장과 인적자원의 특성에 관한 연구

강상욱 韓國行政硏究院 2002 韓國行政硏究 Vol.11 No.3

본 연구는 1980년대 후반이후 최근까지 우리나라 NGO가 급성장하게 된 요인을 인적자원의 특성에 주목하여 그 특징을 밝혀보고자 하는 것이다. NGO의 성장은 시민사회의 역량증가로 설명하거나 이해되는 경향이 있다. 그러나 시민사회라는 관념적이고 포괄적인 용어로는 특정국가의 NGO의 성장을 비교론적으로 설명하는데 한계가 있다. 흔히 우리나라의 NGO에 대해 제기되고 있는 '시민없는 시민운동'이라는 표현은 서구사회의 NGO와 대비되는 NGO의 주도적 인적자원의 특징을 시사하고 있다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 문제인식에서 우리나라 NGO의 성장에 주도적 영향을 미친 인적자원의 특성에 대한 분석을 토대로 서구사회와 대비되는 우리나라 NGO의 성장모형과 특징을 밝히고 있다. 본 연구결과는 2가지로 요약할 수 있다. 첫째는 우리나라 NGO의 성장에 주도적 역할을 한 집단은 서구사회와 같은 일반시민보다는 사회운동가나 교수, 변호사 등 사회이 주요 엘리트 집단이며, 둘째로 이는 서구사회의 NGO가 오랜 시민사회의 토대에서 출발한 Bottom-up성장모형인데 비해 우리나라의 경우 특정 엘리트그룹이 주도하는 이른바 Top-down성장모형의 특징을 보여주고 있다는 것이다. The abrupt end of the authoritative regime in 1987 and developments in political democratization, people's movement began to play an important role in Korean society and many civic groups have emerged since then. What accounts for a rapid growth of NGO in Korea? Differently from the voluntary sector in western society with a tradition of fullfledged civil society, Korean NGOs have been mostly established and fueled by some elite groups such as social movement activists, intelligent groups. We could call the Korean case 'the Top-down Model' contrasting the Western case of 'the Bottom-up Model' The purpose of this study is to analyze the leading human resources and their role in the growth of NGO and to present further implications in future of Korean NGOs. We shall review various theoretical views, the growth of NGo during the 1990s, the level of civil participation on NGO, leading human resources, and their social backgrounds. We could reach two conclusions from the study. Firstly, the main feature of Korean NGOs' development is that activists in social movement and elite groups of experts are the important human resource although the level of civil participation on NGOs is very low compared with western countries. It is related to the development of advocacy oriented NGOs rather than the service oriented organization in Western countries. Secondly, the Top-down model of Korean NGOs, which is contrasting Western countries Bottom-up model, contributed to the establishment and wide spread of many civic groups at their inception but it resulted in a problem of 'civil movement without civil participation' at the same time.