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孔淳鎭,金煐澈 東義大學校 法政硏究所 1999 공공정책연구 Vol.15 No.-
<Abstract> Cyberspace is mostly made up of the Internet and is the greast revolutionary event of this century. It is bringing about epoch-making changes to existing legal, social and economic systems. With the advent of the Internet, Electronic Commerce on the Internet has become one of the most rapidly growing area. The World Wide Web at the Internet is opening a new ream of commerce. Keeping pace with this trend, the Korean government has made a draft about the Basic Law on Electronic Commerce. The purpose of this study is to comprehend and resolve legal problem on electronic document, electronic declaration of intention, electronic contract. Electronic Commerce is commerce transactions using computers in virtual environment through computer networks. In the Electronic Commerce, a customer can contract with many company owing to the convenient service and the reduced search and transaction costs etc. Also a company can reduce time, costs and stocks. Electronic Commerce should be applied to the existing law and be reflected. Electronic document should be recognized and provided in private law. Electronic declaration of intention should be recognized and applied to the existing law and concidered its peculiarity. The existing electronic contract is mostly contract between person at a distant place, but the coming real-time electronic contract will be contract between person in conversation. The following suggestions should be taken into considerations in the enactment of EC-related laws. First, for the sake of the promotion of Electronic Commerce, it is most desirable to rosolve EC-related legal problem according to the principle of ensuring autonomy of the parties concerned. Second, the enactment of Hectronic Commerce should be conducted in a comprehensive, systematic, open, and reasonable manner. Lastly, it is desirable that Electronic Commerce is led by the private organization and government intervention is minimized on the basis of the market principles. Cyberspace is mostly made up of the Internet and is the greast revolutionary event of this century. It is bringing about epoch-making changes to existing legal, social and economic systems. With the advent of the Internet, Electronic Commerce on the Internet has become one of the most rapidly growing area. The World Wide Web at the Internet is opening a new ream of commerce. Keeping pace with this trend, the Korean government has made a draft about the Basic Law on Electronic Commerce. The purpose of this study is to comprehend and resolve legal problem on electronic document, electronic declaration of intention, electronic contract. Electronic Commerce is commerce transactions using computers in virtual environment through computer networks. In the Electronic Commerce, a customer can contract with many company owing to the convenient service and the reduced search and transaction costs etc. Also a company can reduce time, costs and stocks. Electronic Commerce should be applied to the existing law and be reflected. Electronic document should be recognized and provided in private law. Electronic declaration of intention should be recognized and applied to the existing law and concidered its peculiarity. The existing electronic contact is mostly contract between person at a distant place, but the coming real-time electronic contract will be contract between person in conversation. The following suggestions should be taken into considerations in the enactment of EC-related laws. First, for the sake of the promotion of Electronic Commerce, it is most desirable to resolve EC-related legal problem according to the principle of ensuring autonomy of the parties concerned. Second, the enactment of Electronic Commerce should be conducted in a comprehensive, systematic, open, and reasonable manner. Lastly, it is desirable that Electronic Commerce is led by the private organization and government intervention is minimized on the basis of the market principles.
Kun-Young Park,Soon-Sun Bak,Chang-Suk Kong,Sook-Hee Rhee,Chi-Woong Rho,Nak-Ku Kim,Keyng-Lag Choi 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.12 No.2
The effects of young radish (YR, yeolmu in Korean) on the induction of apoptosis were examined in AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. The young radish kimchi (YRK) were made of YR cultivated in the soil without (Control YR kimchi: C-YRK) and with 1,818 g/m3 sulfur (Sulfur YR kimchi: S-YRK), respectively. Methanol extracts from S-YRK exhibited higher inhibitory effect on the growth of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells in a time dependent-manner compared to C-YRK at the same concentration. 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining showed that S-YRK induced apoptosis accompanied by the increased Bax but decreased Bcl-2 in mRNA expression. Moreover, S-YRK decreased the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expressions. The results suggested that S-YRK cultivated in the presence of sulfur elicited stronger anticancer activity than C-YRK in vitro. Dietary intakes of S-YRK may be beneficial to decrease the risk of cancer.
Park, Charny,Yoon, Kyong‐,Ah,Kim, Jihyun,Park, In Hae,Park, Soo Jin,Kim, Min Kyeong,Jang, Wooyeong,Cho, Soo Young,Park, Boyoung,Kong, Sun‐,Young,Lee, Eun Sook John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019 Cancer Science Vol.110 No.5
<P>Very young breast cancer patients are more common in Asian countries than Western countries and are thought to have worse prognosis than older patients. The aim of the current study was to identify molecular characteristics of young patients with estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive breast cancer by analyzing mutations and copy number variants (CNV), and by applying expression profiling. The whole exome and transcriptome of 47 Korean young breast cancer (KYBR) patients (age <35) were analyzed. Genomic profiles were constructed using mutations, CNV and differential gene expression from sequencing data. Pathway analyses were also performed using gene sets to identify biological processes. Our data were compared with young ER+ breast cancer patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. <I>TP53</I>,<I>PIK3CA</I> and <I>GATA3</I> were highly recurrent somatic mutation genes. APOBEC‐associated mutation signature was more frequent in KYBR compared with young TCGA patients. Integrative profiling was used to classify our patients into 3 subgroups based on molecular characteristics. Group A showed luminal A‐like subtype and IGF1R signal dysregulation. Luminal B patients were classified into groups B and C, which showed chromosomal instability and enrichment for APOBEC3A/B deletions, respectively. Group B was characterized by 11q13 (CCND1) amplification and activation of the ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis pathway. Group C showed 17q12 (ERBB2) amplification and lower ER and progesterone receptor expression. Group C was also distinguished by immune activation and lower epithelial‐mesenchyme transition (EMT) degree compared with group B. This study showed that integrative genomic profiling could classify very young patients with breast cancer into molecular subgroups that are potentially linked to different clinical characteristics.</P>
Bak, Soon-Sun,Kong, Chang-Suk,Rhee, Sook-Hee,Rho, Chi-Woong,Kim, Nak-Ku,Choi, Keyng-Lag,Park, Kun-Young The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2007 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.12 No.2
The effects of young radish (YR, yeolmu in Korean) on the induction of apoptosis were examined in AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. The young radish kimchi (YRK) were made of YR cultivated in the soil without (Control YR kimchi: C-YRK) and with 1,818 g/m$^{3}$ sulfur (Sulfur YR kimchi: S-YRK), respectively. Methanol extracts from S-YRK exhibited higher inhibitory effect on the growth of AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells in a time dependent-manner compared to C-YRK at the same concentration. 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining showed that S-YRK induced apoptosis accompanied by the increased Bax but decreased Bcl-2 in mRNA expression. Moreover, S-YRK decreased the levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expressions. The results suggested that S-YRK cultivated in the presence of sulfur elicited stronger anticancer activity than C-YRK in vitro. Dietary intakes of S-YRK may be beneficial to decrease the risk of cancer.