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安素瑩 ( Soyoung Ahn ),李啓正 ( Kye Joung Lee ) 법조협회 2021 法曹 Vol. No.
동물 관련 법제의 개편을 통해 동물과 관련된 법적 분쟁을 미연에 방지하고 동물에 대한 법적 보호를 도모할 필요가 있다. 현실성을 고려해 가장 시급한 쟁점은 크게 다섯 가지이다. 구체적인 개정안의 핵심은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 동물이 물건이 아니라는 조항을 신설하자는 것이다. 이에 더해 동물이 별도의 법률에 의해 보호된다는 내용을 추가할 필요가 있다. 이는 앞으로 특별법을 추가 신설하여 동물보호의 범위를 폭넓게 확장하는 전제 요건이 될 것이다. 둘째, 불법행위 손해배상 청구에 대한 것이다. 이는 세부적으로 두 가지로 나뉜다. 하나는 동물이 사람의 행위로 사상 시 손해배상 책임에 관한 규정이다. 특히 치료비와 정신적 손해배상에 관한 언급이 필요하다. 다른 하나는 민법 제759조 동물점유자의 책임에 대한 개정이다. 맹견에 대해서는 엄격책임을 부담하는 것으로 변경하고 책임 주체와 관련하여 소유자를 추가하고 점유자와 감독자를 함께 포함해야 한다. 셋째, 민법상 전형계약에 반려동물 관련 사항을 편입시키는 작업이다. 개정안의 핵심은 크게 네 가지이다. 우선 반려동물 보호·관리를 인수한 반려동물보호자가 선량한 관리자의 의무로 반려동물을 돌보아야 한다는 것이다. 다음으로 반려동물보호자의 정보제공의무, 비용선급청구권에 관한 규정 신설이다. 그다음으로 계약의 해지와 손해배상책임을 규정하는 것이다. 마지막으로 반려동물에 관한 부담부증여를 명시해 반려동물에 대한 보호와 책임 의식을 제고해야 한다. 넷째, 반려동물에 관한 부담부 유증과 반려동물 신탁에 관해 규정하는 것이다. 정의뿐 아니라 부담부유증의 취소에 대해 명시하는 것이 필요하다. 신탁의 경우 신탁관리인을 필수적으로 선임해야 한다. 다섯째, 동물에 대한 압류금지 부분으로 압류금지물건을 규정한 민사집행법 제195조에 동물이 추가되어야 한다는 점을 제안하고자 한다. It is necessary to expand the protection for animals and to prepare the legislation for solving the dispute related to animals through the reorganization of the animal-related legal system. Taking into account current circumstances, there are five major urgent issues. The key ideas of the proposed legislations are as follows: First, it is desirable to create a new clause stating that animals are not things. Furthermore, it is vital to insert a provision indicating that animals shall be protected by special laws. These measures can be beneficial in protecting both human and animal rights. Second, it is appropriate to revise clauses of torts related to animals. There are two proposals related to this issue. One is related to compensation clause for damages when an animal is wrongfully injured or killed by a tortious act. In particular, it is essential to stipulate medical expenses and the liability for emotional distress in calculating damages. The other is related to revision of Article 759 of the Civil Code concerning the liability of the possessor of animals. For dangerous dogs, it should be revised to impose strict liability, and the owner of an animal should be added in order to be held responsible for the accident along with the possessor and custodian of an animal. Third, it is required to incorporate new contract law governing animal protection agreement into the Civil Code. There are four main contents in animal protection agreement which should be incorporated into the Civil Code. First of all, a pet guardian or pet guardian organization should owe a duty of care and due diligence to companion animals. Second is the establishment of new rules on the pet guardian’s duty to provide information and the right to demand reimbursement of expenses. Third is to stipulate the cause of the termination of the contract. Lastly, it is necessary to stipulate the conditional gift for protecting animals. Fourth, it is required to stipulate the testamentary gift subject to the burden to take care of companion animals in an appropriate way. In addition, it is desirable to incorporate the pet trust into the Trust Act. Fifth, it is required to prohibit the seizure of animals. The main point is that animals should be included in Article 195 of the Civil Execution Act in order to make it clear that animals are not subject to seizure.
SuJin Song,Eun-Kyung Kim,Soyoung Hong,Sangah Shin,YoonJu Song,Hyun Wook Baik,Hyojee Joung,Hee Young Paik 한국영양학회 2015 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.9 No.5
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine differences in nutrient intake and food consumption by the presence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Study subjects in this cross-sectional study were recruited from four outpatient clinics in and near the Seoul metropolitan area of South Korea between 2006 and 2012. A total of 668 subjects (413 men and 255 women) aged ≥ 30 y were included in the final data analyses. For each subject, daily nutrient intake and food consumption were calculated using three days of dietary intake data obtained from a combination of 24-hour recalls and dietary records. To evaluate food consumption, mean number of servings consumed per day and percentages of recommended number of servings for six food groups were calculated. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ criteria. The general linear model was performed to examine differences in nutrient intake and food consumption by sex and the presence of metabolic syndrome after adjustment for potential confounding variables. RESULTS: Nutrient intake did not differ by the presence of metabolic syndrome in both men and women. Men with metabolic syndrome had lower consumption and percentage of the recommendation for fruits compared with those without metabolic syndrome (1.6 vs. 1.1 servings/day, P-value = 0.001; 63.5 vs. 49.5%, P-value = 0.013). Women with metabolic syndrome showed lower consumption and percentage of the recommendation for dairy foods than those without metabolic syndrome (0.8 vs. 0.5 servings/day, P-value = 0.001; 78.6 vs. 48.9%, P-value = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Low intakes of fruits and dairy foods might be associated with the risk of having metabolic syndrome among Korean adults. Dietary advice on increasing consumption of these foods is needed to prevent and attenuate the risk of metabolic syndrome.
최성구,김승태,이소영,정유숙,홍성도,김이영 대한신경정신의학회 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.1
연구목적 : 저자들은 국내 기질연구에 장애가 되고 잇는 원인중의 하나가 표준화된 기질 평가도구의 미비라고 생각하였다. 따라서 저자들은 기질 연구의 효시가 되었던 Thomas와 chess에 의해 개발되고 표준화되었으며, 3세에서 7세 사이 아동의 기질을 부모설문지를 통하여 평가 할 수 있는 “Parental Temperament Questionnaire”의 한국어판 표준화를 위하여 본 연구를 설계하고 실시하였다. 방 법 : 연구대상은 전국 25곳의 삼성어린이집에 다니고 있는 1,175명의 아동이었다. 저자들에 의해 번역된 “아동 기질에 대한 기질 설문지”, 기존에 표준화되어 신뢰도와 타당도가 입증된 “한국판 걸음마기 기질평가 척도” 및 “예일 소아행동 평가척도”를 연구대상 아동의 부모들에게 배포한 후 채점된 결과를 이용하여 신뢰도 및 타당도를 검증하였다. 결 과 : 검사-재검사 신뢰도, 기질범주별 문항-범주 상관선, 내적 일관성 등의 신뢰도 검사에서 모두 만족할만한 수준의 값들을 보여주었다. 설문지사의 각 기질 범주 점수와 어머니가 느끼는 기질 범주사이의 상관성은 “산만성” 범주를 제외하고는 모든 범주에서 통계적 의의가 있었다. “아동 기질에 대한 기질 설문지”, 각 기질범주 점수와 “한국판 걸음마기 기질평가 척도”의 기질범주 사이의 상관관계에서 모든 기질 범주에서 통계적으로 유사한 상관관계를 보였다. “아동 기질에 대한 기질 설문지”의 9가지 기질 범주와 “예일 소아행동 평가척도”의 11가지 소척도 사이에는 다양한 상관관계를 보였다. 결 론 : 본 연구를 통하여 개발된 “아동 기질에 대한 기질 설문지”는 신뢰도 및 타당도면에서 검증된 표준화된 도구이며 향후 기질연구에 기초도구로 사용되길 기대한다. Objective : One of the factors that obstructs active progress of the temperament study in Korea is lack of the standardized assessment tools. Therefore, this study was designed and conducted for the purposed Korean standardization of “Parental Temperament Questionnaire (PTQ)”, which was developed by Thomas Chess, to assess the temperament of children between the ages of 3 and 7 years through parental questionnaire. Method : The samples consisted of 1,175 children who were attending nurseries nationwide. PTQ was translated into Korean language by the authors and distributed to the parents of these children, along with “Toddler Temperament Scale(TTS)” and “Yale Child Inventory(YCI)” which had been previously standardized by different investigators. The reliability and validity of the Korean version of PTQ were tested. Results : Test-retest reliability, item-category correlations and internal consistency of the Korean version of PTQ were generally satisfactory. Correlations between the perceived temperament and the rated temperament were statistically significant in all temperamental categories except destructibility. The correlation between PTQ and TTS was statistically significant in all categories. The 9 categories of PTQ correlated variously with 11 subscales of preschool behavioral assessment of YCL. Conclusion : The Korean version of PTQ is a standardized tool to assess the temperament of children between ages 3 and 7 years, which will be a useful basic tool for the study of temperament of Korean children.
Newly Developed Sex-Specific Z Score Model for Coronary Artery Diameter in a Pediatric Population
Yu Jeong Jin,Choi Hee Joung,Cho Hwa Jin,Kim Sung Hye,Cheon Eun Jung,Kim Gi Beom,Eun Lucy Youngmin,Jung Se Yong,Jun Hyun Ok,Woo Hyang-Ok,Park Sin-Ae,Yoon Soyoung,Ko Hoon,Ban Ji-Eun,Choi Jong-Woon,Song 대한의학회 2024 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.39 No.16
Background: This study aimed to generate a Z score calculation model for coronary artery diameter of normal children and adolescents to be adopted as the standard calculation method with consensus in clinical practice. Methods: This study was a retrospective, multicenter study that collected data from multiple institutions across South Korea. Data were analyzed to determine the model that best fit the relationship between the diameter of coronary arteries and independent demographic parameters. Linear, power, logarithmic, exponential, and square root polynomial models were tested for best fit. Results: Data of 2,030 subjects were collected from 16 institutions. Separate calculation models for each sex were developed because the impact of demographic variables on the diameter of coronary arteries differs according to sex. The final model was the polynomial formula with an exponential relationship between the diameter of coronary arteries and body surface area using the DuBois formula. Conclusion: A new coronary artery diameter Z score model was developed and is anticipated to be applicable in clinical practice. The new model will help establish a consensus-based Z score model.