OB-63 : Positive effects of Teratogenic risk counseling in pregnant women inadvertently exposed to medications

( Hyo Yeon Gwak ),( Jung Eun Lee ),( Ju Young Choi ),( So Yeon Kim ),( Song Mi Park ),( June Seek Choi1,),( Hyun Kyong Ahn ),( Min Hyung Kim ),( Jin Hoon Chung ),( Moon Young Kim ),( Hyun Mee Ryu ),( 대한산부인과학회 2014 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.100 No.-

목적: To evaluate the positive effects of teratogenic risk counseling in pregnant women inadvertently exposed to medication in early pregnancy. 방법: In a prospective cohort study, 250 pregnant women exposed to medications in early pregnancy were recruited after teratogenic risk counseling at Korean MotherSafe Counsling Center, which has given information about teratogenic risk of medication to pregnant women. Positive effects are evaluated by visual analogue scale(VAS) for perception on teratogenic risk and percent prefering termination of pregnancy after medication exposures in pregnancy. 결과: Mean age of participants is 31.8±5.3years old. Mean gravidity is 2.4±2.1. Medications exposed in early pregnancy include antibiotics, analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, antacid and so on. Mean perceptive teratogen risk before and after the counseling is 33.9±1.6% and 15.8±1.6%, respectively. And mean percent prefering termination of pregnancy (≥5) before and after the counseling is 31.1±1.9% and 13.5±1.7%, respectively. 결론: Our data suggest that information on teratogenic risk for pregnant women inadvertently exposed to medication may have positive effects for reassuring pregnant women and preventing termination of pregnancy.

수준별 수업이 학업 성취 및 학습 태도에 미치는 영향

최소연 The English Linguistic Science Association of Kore 2000 English Linguistic Science Vol.4 No.-

한국인 HIV 감염자에서 항레트로바이러스 치료 이행도와 바이러스학적 치료 실패의 상관관계

최준용,박윤수,김창오,박윤선,윤희정,신소연,김연아,송영구,김준명 대한감염학회 2005 감염과 화학요법 Vol.37 No.1

목적 : HIV 감염자에서 항레트로바이러스 치료에 대한 바이러스학적 치료실패와 연관된 인자들로는 낮은 CD4 양성 T 림프구, 낮은 치료 약물 농도. 잘못된 처방등이 있는데, 이들 중에서 낮은 치료 이행도는 바이러스학적 치료실패의 대표적인 원인 중 하나이다. 국내 HIV 감염자를 대상으로 HAART 이행도를 평가하고 낮은 이행도와 관련된 인자를 알아보고 치료 이행도와 바이러스학적 치료실패와의 연관성을 규명하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : 연세대학교 의과대학 세브란스 병원에 내원한 한국인 HIV 감염자 중 HAART를 시행 받고 있는 환자들을 대상으로 하였다. 환자들의 HAART 이행도를 평가하기 위한 6가지 문항의 설문을 수행하였다. 설문에 의해 측정한 HAART 이행도에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 조사하였고, 낮은 이행도와 바이러스학적 치료실패 간의 상관관계를 조사하였다. 결과 : 총 49명의 HIV 감염자가 설문에 응하였다. 대상 환자의 53.1% 만이 약 먹는 것을 잊은 적이 전혀 없었다고 응답하였고, 지난 1주일간 약을 모두 복용하였던 환자는 대상 환자의 46.9%였다. 약을 복용하지 않은 이유에 대해 32명이 응답하였는데, 별다른 이유 없이 잊어버려서 약을 복용하지 않았다고 응답한 경우가 14명으로 가장 많았고, 부작용 때문이거나 바빠서 약을 복용하지 않았던 경우가 각각 5명으로 나타났다. HIV 진단 이후 경과한 시간이 길수록, HAART를 시행한 기간이 길수록 이행도가 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, CD4 양성 T림프구수가 낮을수록 이행도가 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 설문으로 평가한 HAART 이행도가 바이러스학적 치료실패와 유의한 상관 관계가 있었다(P<0.05). 결론 : 낮은 치료 이행도는 항레트로바이러스 치료의 실패를 가져올 수 있으므로 치료 이행도를 지속적으로 평가하고 향상시키는 것은 HIV 감염의 성공적인 치료를 위하여 매우 중요하다. 향후 국내 HIV 감염자에서 치료이행도를 평가하기 위한 다양한 방법이 개발되어야 하겠고, 치료 이행도를 높이기 위한 다각적인 전략이 마련되어야 하겠다. Background : Several factors associated with human virologic failure in patients with immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are low CD4+ cell counts, advanced clinical stage, poor subscribing, subtherapeutic drug levels, etc. Among these factors, poor adherence is one of the leading causes. Materials and Methods : We evaluated the adherence to antiretroviral treatment in HIV infected Koreans using questionnaire. We evaluated the factors associated with poor adherence and analyzed the correlation between the adherence to antiretroviral treatment and virologic failure. Results : A total of 49 patients responded to the questionnaire. Of the 49 patients, 26 (53.1%) answered that they had never forgotten to take their medicine, and 23 (46.9%) answered that they had taken all their medications during the last week. The reasons for missed doses were forgetting, being too busy, having adverse side effects, etc. Low CD4+ T cell counts, longer duration of antiretroviral treatment, and longer duration of being diagnosed with HIV infection were associated with poor adherence in HIV infected Koreans (P<0.05). There was correlation between poor adherence and virologic failure in these HIV-infected Koreans (P<0.05). Conclusion : Because poor adherence induces treatment failure, monitoring adherence is very important for successful antiretroviral treatment. Questionnaire was a good method for monitoring adherence in HIV infected patients.

급성 진행형 국소 신경학적 증상을 보인 쯔쯔가무시병 1예에서 고용량 스테로이드의 사용

최현철,위성헌,이소연,김상일,박성경,정연주,정소령,전정수,강문원 대한감염학회 2002 감염 Vol.34 No.6

임부의 연령에 따른 보완대체요법에 관한 인식 태도 경험 비교 연구

김연진,김지연,노경민,신혜리,유예지,이지민,장희조,정아인,최소정,강숙정,이향연,민혜영 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2016 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.50

Purpose: This study aims to test if the age of pregnant women affects the perception, experience, and attitude towards complementary alternative therapy (CAT), by investigating the perception, experience, and attitude of pregnant women under the age of 35, and above 35 (Advanced Maternal Age). The study will 1) find the general characteristics of pregnant women under and over the age of 35 2) compare the perception, behavior, and experience of pregnant women under and over the age of 35, and 3) find the comparison of the perception, behavior, and experience according to the general characteristics of pregnant women under and over the age of 35. Method: The subjects of this study are composed of 44 women under the age of 35 and 44 women above the age of 35, totaling 88 pregnant women visiting midwiferies, obstetrics and gynecology, and baby fairs in Seoul and Gyeong-Gi area. Data for this study was collected from November 28, 2015 to January 6, 2016 for 40 days. The collected data analyzed mean, standard deviation, t test, ANOVA, and chi-square by using SPSS 23.0. Result Results show that there is a significant difference in the perception, attitude, and experience of the two-sample groups in the use of CAT. The question of “what is most necessary when applying CAT in a hospital clinical environment” for the perception criteria came out with the results of t=9.980, p<.05. For the attitude, results showed that the answers of pregnant women under the age of 35 displayed a more positive attitude towards CAT. (t=2.421, p<.05) Lastly, in the experience section, pregnant women under the age of 35 showed more CAT use than the other sample group. Conclusion Results have shown that there is a difference in the perception, behavior, and experience between the two sample groups. Therefore further research on the efficacy and the adverse effects of CAT needs to be done.

관동맥 분지병변에서 스텐트시술 후 분지폐쇄 발생의 예측인자

최소연,탁승제,김한수,염철훈,윤명호,유상용,안성균,장혁재,황교승,신준한,최병일 대한순환기학회 2002 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.32 No.8

Starter 및 멸치액젓 첨가가 김치양념 및 겉절이 김치의 품질에 미치는 영향

최택권,박소희,유진현,임호수,조재선,황성연 한국식생활문화학회 2003 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.18 No.2

양념에 Leu. mesenteroides, Lac plantarum의 젖산균과 멸치액젓 첨가가 김치 양념의 대장균군 제어, 속성촉진여부 및 관능적 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. Leu. mesenteroides과 젓갈을 첨가한 경우 초기 숙성이 촉진되나 후기 산패는 완만하였으며 Lac. plantarum의 첨가시에는 초기 숙성에는 큰 차이가 없고 후기 산패가 현저하게 진행되었다. 대장균군은 산도 0.80% 이상에서 사멸되었는데 leu. mesenteroides의 경우가 숙성이 촉진되어 보다 신속히 사멸시켰다. 총균수와 젖산균수는 초기에 starter 첨가구는 10^6CFU/mL 정도인데 반해서 starter를 첨가하지 않은 않은 처리구에서 총균수는 10^6CFU/mL , 젖산균수가 10^4CFU/mL 이었고 숙성 후에는 첨가균이 높은 수준을 유지하였다. 하지만 대체적으로 스타터의 첨가가 숙성 및 대장균에 크게 영향을 주지 못하는 경향으로 동일하게 나왔다. 관능적 특성에서는 Leu. mesenteroides 첨가구가 Lac. plantarum의 경우보다 우수하였다. 한편, 시판 겉절이 김치는 산도가 0.09~0.18%, ph 5.46~5.89, 총균수 2.2×10^6~3.1×10^7CFU/mL, 젖산균수는 2.1×10^4~6.6×10^5CFU/mL, 대장균수는 1.8×10^4~7.1×10^5CFU/mL, 염분 1.89%~2.51%으로 스타터 첨가 겉절이에 비해 ph와 염도를 제외한 품질 특성에서 전반적으로 낮은 값을 나타냈다. This study was performed in order to investigate the effect of Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactobacillus plantarum and salt fermented anchovy extracts on Kimchi sauce. The sauce was fermented more rapidly by addition of Leu. mesenteroids or salt fermented anchovy extracts on the early fermentation stage than the control, but it was fermented slowly on the late fermentation stage. When L. plantarum was added to the Kimchi on the early fermentation stage, the acidity of Kimchi didn't show a significant difference from the control, but acidity was remarkably increased on the late stage. Coliform group was disappeared when acidity of sauce was higher than 0.8% during fermentation. It was controlled by Leu. mesenteroides but not by L. plantarum. Total count and lactic acid bacterial count of the sauces with starter were 6.30×10^6~1.0×10^7 CFU/mL and 1.04~2.04×10^6 CFU/mL, respectively, but those of the control sauce were 10^6 CFU/mL and 10^4 CFU/mL, respectively. Those count of the sauce with starter were higher than those of the control sauce on the later stage of fermentation. Organoleptic quality of the sauce with Leu. mesenteroides was superior to that with L. plantarum.

동아시아에서의 HIV/AIDS 역학

신소연,최준용,김영근,박윤선,김연아,김명수,송영구,Shuzo Matsshita,Taisheng Li,Hsi-Hsun Lin,Patrick Li,김준명,동아시아 HIV 네트워크(East-Asia Network on HIV; EAN-HIV) 대한감염학회 2007 감염과 화학요법 Vol.39 No.1

목적 : 최근 동아시아에서의 HIV 감염자 수의 급속한 증가는 여러 가지 심각한 문제를 야기하고 있다. 따라서 이지역에서의 HIV/AIDS 역학에 대해서 정확한 조명 및 분석이 무엇보다 필요하다. 이에 저자들은 동아시아 HIV 네트워크(East Asia Network on HIV; EAN-HIV)를 통하여 동아시아 HIV/AIDS 유행의 시작, 변천 및 현황에 관하여 알아보고자 한다. 재료 및 방법 : 동아시아에 HIV/AIDS가 처음 유입된 1984년부터 2005년까지 한국, 일본, 중국, 대만, 홍콩의 HIV/AIDS 관련 역학 자료를 동아시아 HIV 네트워크(East Asia Network on HIV; EAN-HIV)를 통하여 수집하고 분석하였다. 결과 : 동아시아에서의 HIV/AIDS 유행은 1980년대 중반에 시작되었다. 2005년 말까지 한국에서는 3,829명, 일본에서는 7,078명(혈우병 환자 제외), 대만에서는 10,423명,홍콩에서는 2,825명의 HIV 감염자가 보고되 었으며, 중국에서는 141,241명이 보고되었으나 실제로는 84만명 이상의 감염자가 존재할 것으로 추정하고 있다. 주사마약사용, 혈장매매, 성접촉에 의한 감염이 주를 이루고 있으며, 감염자중 남자가 많고 20-30대가 다수를 차지하였다. 중국이나 대만의 경우에는 최근 감염자 수가 급증하고 있으며 주사마약사용에 의한 감염이 주로 문제가 되고 있는 반면, 한국, 일본, 홍콩의 경우에는 남성동성애자에 의한 전파가 주가 되고 있다. 동아시아에서 유행하는 HIV의 주 아형은 B, C, CRFO1_AE 형이며, 최근에는 CRF07_BC형이 확산되고 있다. 결론 : 동아시아의 HIV 감염률은 빠르게 증가하며, 또한 HIV/AIDS 역학도 빠르게 변화하고 있다. 이 지역의 유행은 중국이 부분적으로 커다란 영향을 미치고 있다. Background : Recent predictions of catastrophic epidemic surge of HIV infection in East Asia concern experts and governmental organizations. As in many other areas, countries in East Asia show diversities in their HIV epidemics, both geographically and temporally. However, they have similar regional, cultural and racial characteristics which allow them to have certain common factors. Having a clear picture of the current extent and feature of HIV/AIDS in this region is a very difficult task largely due to the fast pacing of expending epidemic and difficulty in data-sharing among countries in the region. Hence, we decided to study the epidemiologic feature of HIV/AIDS in East Asia through East Asia Network on HIV (EAN-HIV). Materials and Methods : The epidemiological patterns of HIV/AIDS in East Asian countries were investigated by collecting data through EAN-HIV. Results : The HIV/AIDS epidemic in East Asia started relatively late at mid 1980s. Since then, the number of newly infected HIV/AIDS cases has been steadily increasing with stiffer escalation in recent years. In China and Taiwan, IDU plays an important part in the swiftly growing HIV epidemics; however, in other regions like Korea, Japan, and Hong Kong, MSM (men who have sex with men) seems to be more of a problem. The major subtypes of HIV in East Asia are subtype B, C, and CRF01_AE, and rapidly evolving circulating recombinant forms (CRF) between subtypes such as CRF07_BC give dynamic change to the current status. Conclusion : The incidence of HIV/AIDS is rapidly increasing in East Asia. The epidemic pattern has undergone dynamic changes over time. China seems to be the leading source of HIV/AIDS epidemic in East Asia due to its large population and rapidly growing epidemics.

액와 부 유방조직 1예

조소연,임연순,최혜영,명기범 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1997 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.20 No.2

부 유방조직은 발생학적 이상에 의하여 발생하며 주로 사춘기 이후에 증상을 보이는 질환으로 여러 아형이 있으며, 본 증례에서와 같이 임신과 무관하게 액외부에 일측성으로 피부표면의 병변 없이 이소성 선조직만 존재하는 경우는 매우 드물어 문헌고찰과 함께 보고한다. A case of unilateral accessory axillary breast tissue developed as a subcutaneous nodule unassociated with menstrual periods, pregnancy, or lactation in a 33-year-old parous woman. Histopathologic finding of the nodule revealed lobules of normal breast tissue forming islands of glandular tissue, This case belongs to one of the unusual forms of supernumerary breast tissue characterized by the presence of aberrant gland tissue alone. The literature is briefly reviewed.

Evaluating the effects of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) venom on the expression of insulin sensitivity and inflammation-related genes in co-culture of adipocytes and macrophages

Kim Hee‐Yeon,Jo Min Jeong,Nam So Yung,Kim Kwang Min,Choi Moon Bo,Lee Yong‐Ho 한국곤충학회 2020 Entomological Research Vol.50 No.5

Obese adipose tissue is characterized by adipocyte hypertrophy and a massive macrophage infiltration. The interaction between macrophages with mature adipocytes releases pro-inflammatory cytokines. This chronic inflammatory state can contribute to obesity-related complications, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we can attempt to prevent and treat obesity-related diseases by inhibiting macrophage infiltration and blocking their interaction with adipocytes. Honey bee (Apis mellifera) venom (BV) has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. Although BV is used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases, few studies have addressed its use in obesity-associated inflammation. This study examines the inhibitory effects of BV on lipid accumulation in differentiating preadipocytes, inflammation, and insulin resistance in macrophages and adipocyte-macrophage co-culture system. We treated 3 T3-L1 preadipocytes with BV during differentiation. We later measured lipid accumulation and gene expression of master adipogenic transcription factors. After RAW264.7 and 3 T3-L1 cells were pretreated with BV, RAW264.7 cells were activated with LPS or co-cultured with pretreated 3 T3-L1 cells. Gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and insulin sensitizing genes was measured in these cells. BV inhibited lipid accumulation and C/EBPα and PPARγ gene expression during intermediate and late 3 T3-L1 cell differentiation. BV also suppressed gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (COX-2, iNOS, MCP-1, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in LPS-stimulated macrophages, and in co-culture of 3 T3-L1 adipocytes and RAW264.7 macrophages. However, adiponectin and GLUT-4 expression were both significantly increased by BV in co-culture. These findings demonstrate that BV attenuates adipocyte hypertrophy and improves obesity-related inflammation and insulin resistance in obese adipose tissue.