Isolation and Functional Analysis of spy1 Responsible for Pristinamycin Yield in Streptomyces pristinaespiralis

( Qing Chao Jin ),( Hua Li Yin ),( Xiao Wei Hong ),( Zhi Hua Jin ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.6

A gene related to high pristinamycin yield in Streptomyces pristinaespiralis was selected by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and its functions were investigated by gene disruption. First, a 561 bp polymorphic sequence was acquired by AFLP from high-yield recombinants compared with the S. pristinaespiralis ancestor ATCC25486, indicating that this approach is an effective means of screening for valuable genes responsible for antibiotic yield. Then, a 2,127 bp open reading frame of a gene designated spy1 that overlaps with the above fragment was identified and its structure and biological functions were investigated. In silico analysis of spy1 encoding a deduced 708-amino-acid-long serine/threonine protein kinase showed that it only contains a catalytic domain in the N-terminal region, which is different from some known homologs. Gene inactivation of chromosomal spy1 indicated that it plays a pleiotropic regulatory function in pristinamycin production, with a positive correlation to pristinamycin I biosynthesis and a negative correlation to pristinamycin II biosynthesis.

Correlations among Six Hormone-Induced Transcription Factors and the Alcohol Acyltransferase Gene in Apple

Qing-Qing Li,JIN SHENG,Pengcheng Li,Dapeng Li,Cheng-Chao Zheng,Dequan Li,Huairui Shu 한국식물학회 2012 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.55 No.4

Alcohol acyltransferase (AAT) plays an important role in ester biogenesis in ripening fruit. In apple, MdAAT2 is up-regulated in response to treatment with defense-related hormones. We cloned a novel MdAAT2 promoter via thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR (TAIL-PCR). Sequence analysis indicated the presence of salicylic acid (SA)- and methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-responsive elements in the promoter region. To examine further the operational mechanism for transcription factors (TFs) in regulating expression of the MdAAT2 promoter, we isolated and investigated six potential stress-induced TFs -- MdMYB1, MdMYB2, MdMYB6,MdERF1, MdERF2, and WRKY. These were monitored during various stages of fruit development as well as under several hormonal treatments. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis showed that all of these TF genes, as well as MdAAT2, were detectable in the stigmas. Levels of expression by MdMYB1, MdMYB2, and MdERF1were significantly correlated with that by MdAAT2 during fruit ontogeny. Moreover, transcription of three TFs (MdMYB1,MdMYB6, and MdERF1) was significantly correlated with that of MdAAT2 upon exposure to ethephon, SA, or MeJA. Sequence analysis demonstrated that CAAT, CCAAT elements,and several MYB transcription factor binding sites (CNGTTmotif,AACCA, and CTAACCA elements) existed in the MdAAT2 promoter region. Using that analysis, we performed modeling of MdMYB1 and MdMYB6 based on PROTEINDNA complex1 and complex3 (PDB Accession Numbers 1H88 and 1H8A). There, similarities were found with the protein complex of CAAT or CCAAT consensus sequences. Thus, we propose that two TFs -- MdMYB1 and MdMYB6-- are directly or indirectly involved in the activation of MdAAT2 expression in apple fruit.

Adversarial Attack on DL-based Massive MIMO CSI Feedback

Qing Liu,Jiajia Guo,Chao-Kai Wen,Shi Jin 한국통신학회 2020 Journal of communications and networks Vol.22 No.3

With the increasing application of deep learning (DL) algorithms in wireless communications, the physical layer faces newchallenges caused by adversarial attack. Such attack has significantly affected the neural network in computer vision. We chooseDL-based channel state information (CSI) to show the effect of adversarial attack on DL-based communication system. We presenta practical method to craft white-box adversarial attack on DLbased CSI feedback process. Our simulation results show the destructive effect adversarial attack causes on DL-based CSI feedback by analyzing the performance of normalized mean square error. We also launch a jamming attack for comparison and find thatthe jamming attack could be prevented with certain precautions. As DL algorithm becomes the trend in developing wireless communication, this work raises concerns regarding the security in the useof DL-based algorithms.

Characteristics of Imported Malaria and Species of Plasmodium Involved in Shandong Province, China (2012-2014)

Chao Xu,Qing-Kuan Wei,Jin Li,Ting Xiao,Kun Yin,Chang-Lei Zhao,Yong-Bin Wang,Xiang-Li Kong,Gui-Hua Zhao,Hui Sun,Xin Liu,Bing-Cheng Huang 대한기생충학열대의학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.54 No.4

An Updated Meta-analysis and System Review:is Gemcitabine+Fluoropyrimidine in Combination a Better Therapy Versus Gemcitabine Alone for Advanced and Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer?

Tu, Chao,Zheng, Feng,Wang, Jin-Yu,Li, Yuan-Yuan,Qian, Ke-Qing Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.14

Background: Pancreatic cancer ranks fourth in deaths caused by cancers throughout the world. Gemcitabine chemotherapy is the primary method of treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer, and in asco2014, it is still firstline chemotherapy. Howeve,r gemcitabine+fluorouracil regimens are also licensed and widely used worldwide. Clinical trials are the best way to evaluate drug efficacy. In this study, we performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess whether gemcitabine+fluoropyrimidine combination therapy improves the prognosis of unresectable pancreatic cancer compared with gemcitabine treatment alone. Materials and Methods: A quantitative up-to-date meta-analysis was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of gemcitabine-based combination treatment compared with gemcitabine monotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. Inclusion was limited to high-quality randomized clinical trials. Results: A total of 12 studies were included in the present analysis, with a total of 3,038 patients recruited. The studies were divided into three subgroups including 5-FU / CAP / S-1 combined with gemcitabine. For the primary endpoint of overall survival (OS), gemcitabine-based combination therapy demonstrated significantly better outcome (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.81-0.95) than gemcitabine monotherapy. The analysis of progression free survival (PFS) also provided a significant result for the combined therapy in a total of 8 trials (2,130 patients) (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63-0.86). With subgroup analysis according to the method of dosing delivery, we found that in the injection group with 3 trials (889 patients), a negative result was found (HR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.77-1.12); while a positive result was observed in the oral group with 9 trials (2,149 patients) (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.80-0.95). Conclusions: Gemcitabine combination therapy provides a modest improvement of survival, but is associated with more toxicity compared with gemcitabine monotherapy.

Hydrogen peroxide is involved in abscisic acid-induced adventitious rooting in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under drought stress

Xue-Ping Li,Qing-Qing Xu,Wei-Biao Liao,Zhan-Jun Ma,Xiao-Ting Xu,Meng Wang,Peng-Ju Ren,Li-Juan Niu,Xin Jin,Yong-Chao Zhu 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.5

Abscisic acid (ABA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are important regulatory factors involved in plant development under adversity stress. Here, the involvement of H2O2 in ABA-induced adventitious root formation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under drought stress was determined. The results indicated that exogenous ABA or H2O2 promoted adventitious rooting under drought stress, with a maximal biological response at 0.5 μM ABA or 800 μM H2O2. The promotive effects of ABA-induced adventitious rooting under drought stress were suppressed by CAT or DPI, suggesting that endogenous H2O2 might be involved in ABA-induced adventitious rooting. ABA increased relative water content (RWC), leaf chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, ΦPS II and qP), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and soluble protein content, and peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and indoleacetate oxidase (IAAO) activities, while decreasing transpiration rate. However, the effects of ABA were inhibited by H2O2 scavenger CAT. Therefore, H2O2 may be involved in ABA-induced adventitious root development under drought stress by stimulating water and chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, carbohydrate and nitrogen content, as well as some enzyme activities.

Eclosion hormone functions in larva-pupa-adult ecdysis in Leptinotarsa decemlineata

Shen Chen-Hui,Jin Lin,Fu Kai-Yun,Guo Wen-Chao,Li Guo-Qing 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.1

In Drosophila melanogaster, ecdysis-triggering hormone (ETH) and eclosion hormone (EH) mutually enhance the release of each other through a positive feedback loop. Both are involved in the stimulation of ecdysis behavior series and molting-related physiological preparations. However, whether 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) controls eh expression and whether EH plays a similar role in non-Drosophilid insects remain to be determined. In Lep tinotarsa decemlineata, we found that Ldeh mRNA levels were high in the early and/or late stages and low in the intermediate period within each larval instar, indicating that the mRNA peaks positively correlate with 20E pulses. Consistent with the indication, we confirmed that 20E signaling stimulated the transcription of Ldeh. RNA interference (RNAi)-aided knockdown of Ldeh at the final instar stage slightly impaired pupation and signifi cantly affected wing expansion. Around 20% of the Ldeh RNAi larvae remained as prepupae, completely wrapped in the old larval cuticles. These prepupae gradually darkened, dried and withered, and finally died. The remaining (about 80%) Ldeh hypomorphs became pupae and emerged as abnormal adults, bearing smaller and wrinkle elytra and hindwings. The adult tracheae in the Ldeh hypomorphs were full of liquid. In addition, the low pupation rate and high deformed adult proportion cannot be rescued by ingestion of either 20E or juvenile hormone. Thus, EH is critical for ecdysis and trachea clearance in L. decemlineata. The failure of trachea clearance may disenable air-swallowing during larva-pupa-adult transition and thus impacts wing growth and expansion.

Effect of Exogenous Nitric Oxide on Vegetative and Reproductive Growth of Oriental Lily ‘Siberia’

Meng Wang,Bin Li,Yong-Chao Zhu,Li-Juan Niu,Xin Jin,Qing-Qing Xu,Wei-Biao Liao 한국원예학회 2015 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.56 No.5

Recent studies have shown that nitric oxide (NO) may be involved in diverse plant developmental processes as an important signal molecule. However, the effects of NO on vegetative and reproductive growth of intact plants are not fully understood. In our study, the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) at 3,000, 6,000 and 9,000 μM was used to characterize the roles of NO in vegetative and reproductive growth of “Siberia” lily. The results showed that the effects of NO on growth in “Siberia” lily were dose-dependent. Compared with the control (distilled water treatment), 3,000 μM SNP caused a significant increase in plant height and internode length. Significant differences were recorded in flowering period, lifetime of individual flowers, number of flowers per plant, flower diameter, and bud length with 6,000 μM SNP. However, 9,000 μM SNP resulted in negative effects on these parameters as compared to the control. Moreover, 3,000 μM SNP caused a significant increase in the contents of leaf chlorophyll, water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), starch, total carbohydrate, total soluble protein, and total nitrogen, all of which were decreased by high levels of SNP (9,000 μM). Together, these results indicated that NO treatments at the proper dosage can promote vegetative and reproductive growth, possibly by improving the levels of leaf chlorophyll, WSC, starch, total carbohydrate, total soluble protein and total nitrogen.