Research progress and treatment of radiation enteritis and gut microbiota

Huiwen Ren(Huiwen Ren),Qi Wu(Qi Wu),Zhiqiang Sun(Zhiqiang Sun),Mingming Fang(Mingming Fang),Jun Liu(Jun Liu),Judong Luo(Judong Luo) 대한방사선종양학회 2023 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.41 No.2

Radiation enteritis is a kind of intestinal radiation injury in patients with pelvic and retroperitoneal malignancies after radiotherapy, and its occurrence and development process are very complicated. At present, studies have confirmed that intestinal microecological imbalance is an important factor in the formation of this disease. Abdominal radiation causes changes in the composition of the flora and a decrease in its diversity, which is mainly manifested by a decrease in beneficial bacterial species such as Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria. Intestinal dysbacteriosis aggravates radiation enteritis, weakens the function of the intestinal epithelial barrier, and promotes the expression of inflammatory factors, thereby aggravating the occurrence of enteritis. Given the role of the microbiome in radiation enteritis, we suggest that the gut microbiota may be a potential biomarker for the disease. Treatment methods such as probiotics, antibiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation are ways to correct the microbiota and may be an effective way to prevent and treat radiation enteritis. Based on a review of the relevant literature, this paper reviews the mechanism and treatment of intestinal microbes in radiation enteritis.

Cardiac-specific overexpression of Ndufs1 ameliorates cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction by alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis

Qi Bingchao,Song Liqiang,Hu Lang,Guo Dong,Ren Gaotong,Peng Tingwei,Liu Mingchuan,Fang Yexian,Li Chunyu,Zhang Mingming,Li Yan 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of premature death among adults. Cardiomyocyte death and dysfunction of the remaining viable cardiomyocytes are the main pathological factors of heart failure after MI. Mitochondrial complexes are emerging as critical mediators for the regulation of cardiomyocyte function. However, the precise roles of mitochondrial complex subunits in heart failure after MI remain unclear. Here, we show that NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit S1 (Ndufs1) expression is decreased in the hearts of heart failure patients and mice with myocardial infarction. Furthermore, we found that cardiac-specific Ndufs1 overexpression alleviates cardiac dysfunction and myocardial fibrosis in the healing phase of MI. Our results demonstrated that Ndufs1 overexpression alleviates MI/hypoxia-induced ROS production and ROS-related apoptosis. Moreover, upregulation of Ndufs1 expression improved the reduced activity of complex I and impaired mitochondrial respiratory function caused by MI/hypoxia. Given that mitochondrial function and cardiomyocyte apoptosis are closely related to heart failure after MI, the results of this study suggest that targeting Ndufs1 may be a potential therapeutic strategy to improve cardiac function in patients with heart failure.

SoC balancing method for energy storage systems in DC microgrids using simplified droop control

Qi, Nan,Fang, Wei,Wang, Wei,Liu, Xiaodong,Liu, Sucheng The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2021 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.8

DC microgrids adopt energy storage units to maintain the dynamic power balance between distributed power systems and the load. For DC microgrids in small-scale applications including residential microgrids, to ensure the coordination of the state of charge (SoC) and load current sharing among each of the energy storage units, an improved SoC-balanced control method without interconnection communication is proposed in this paper. The proposed method applies an adaptive droop control expression with a specific SoC-function to regulate its reference voltage in both the charging and discharging processes of the energy storage units. Thus, the balance of the SoC and the load current is achieved autonomously. This method can reduce the bus voltage deviation and weaken the impact of the output current on the bus voltage variation, especially for low-voltage DC microgrids. Moreover, the sampling of the output current is avoided, and both the cost and complexity of controller design are significantly reduced. In addition, a function curves analysis method is proposed to analyze the speed of the SoC balancing and the DC bus voltage deviation, which gives instruction in the choice of the adjustment factor in the adaptive droop equation. A mathematical description of the operating process and a small signal model of the proposed method are established to evaluate the system feasibility and stability. A laboratory-scale DC microgrid is built to verify the proposed method. Finally, simulation and experimental results are presented.

Excitation frequency, fastener stiffness and damping, and speed of the moving harmonic load on the dynamic response of the track structure

Liu Yan-qi,Zhang Yan,Song Chun-fang,Huangsen Gu,Longlong Xu 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.1

The dynamic response of a track structure under a uniform-speed moving harmonic load is researched according to dynamic response characteristics of a periodic structure under moving harmonic load in the frequency domain. The track was assumed as a simple Euler beam model periodically supported by continuous discrete point, and mathematical model of the dynamic differential equation of vertical vibration for the track structure is built. Then, the analytical equation for the dynamic response of any point on the track structure is concluded in the frequency domain for the following research. The dynamic responses of the track structure under the uniform-speed moving harmonic load are investigated using the theory of infinite periodic structure. Finally, the effects of excitation frequency, fastener stiffness, fastener damping, and speed of the moving harmonic load on the dynamic response of the track structure are studied. Results indicate that the response peaks of the rail under moving harmonic load occur near the excitation frequency, and the dynamic response decreases rapidly in the area far from the excitation frequency. The response peaks of the rail will move slightly toward a high frequency with the increase in the excitation frequency. The increase in the fastener stiffness will lead to improvement of the dynamic response of the rail in the nonresonant region at a high frequency, equivalent to the high rigidity of the rail fastener and intense vibration of the rail. The changes in fastener damping exert no significant effect on the resonant peak and peak bandwidth of the system. The fastener damping plays a significant role in restraining the vibration at a high frequency. The strong vibration of the track structure can be effectively controlled by an increase in the damping.

Comparison of the Effects of Propofol and Midazolam on Inflammation and Oxidase Stress in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

Wen-fang Xia,Qing-shan Zhou,Yu Liu,Qi-zhu Tang,Han-dong Zou 연세대학교의과대학 2011 Yonsei medical journal Vol.52 No.2

Purpose: To investigate and compare the effects of propofol and midazolam on inflammation and oxidase stress in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two ASA class I-II children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery were randomly divided into two groups: propofol combined with low dose fentanyl (PF group, n = 16) and midazolam combined with low dose fentanyl (MF group, n = 16). Tracheal extubation time and length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay were recorded. Blood samples were taken before operation (T_0), at 2 h after release of the aorta cross-clamp (T_3) and at 24 h after operation (T_4) to measure interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Myocardium samples were collected at 10-20 min after aorta cross-clamp (T_1) and at 10-20 min after the release of the aorta cross-clamp (T_2) to detect heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. Results: Tracheal extubation time and length of ICU stay in PF group were significantly shorter than those of the MF group (p < 0.05, respectively). After cardiopulmonary bypass, IL-6, IL-8 and MDA levels were significantly increased, and the SOD level was significantly reduced in both two groups, but PF group exhibited lower IL-6, IL-8 and MDA levels and higher SOD levels than the MF group (p < 0.05, respectively). The HO-1 expression in the PF group was significantly higher than that in MF group at the corresponding time points (p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: Propofol is superior to midazolam in reducing inflammation and oxidase stress and in improving post-operation recovery in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.

Sequence analysis and expression of the calmodulin gene, MCaM-3, in mulberry (Morus L.)

Rongjun Fang,Dongqing Hu,Yinghua Zhang,Long Li,Weiguo Zhao,Li Liu,Jialin Cheng,Jinliang Qi,Yonghua Yang 한국유전학회 2011 Genes & Genomics Vol.33 No.2

A full-length cDNA sequence encoding CaM from mulberry,which we designated MCaM-3 (GenBank accession No:GQ303247), was cloned based on mulberry expressed sequence tags(ESTs). Sequence analysis showed that MCaM-3is 951 base pairs in length, encoding 149 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 16.85 kD and an isoelectric point of 3.95. Online SMART analysis showed that the MCaM-3 protein has four EFh functional domains, which can bind calcium. The expression level of MCaM-3at different developmental stages in mulberry leaves and flowers and in different tissues was investigated. The results showed that MCaM-3 transcripts are most abundantly expressed in mature tissues, such as mature female flowers and climax leaves, and the expression level of the mRNA could be increased significantly under low temperature, drought, and salt stress conditions compared to the normal growth environment. This research will help us understand the resistance mechanism of functional genes in mulberry.

Influences on Distribution of Solute Atoms in Cu‑8Fe Alloy Solidification Process Under Rotating Magnetic Field

Jin Zou,Qi‑Jie Zhai,Fang‑Yu Liu,Ke‑Ming Liu,De‑Ping Lu 대한금속·재료학회 2018 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.24 No.6

A rotating magnetic field (RMF) was applied in the solidification process of Cu-8Fe alloy. Focus on the mechanism of RMFon the solid solution Fe(Cu) atoms in Cu-8Fe alloy, the influences of RMF on solidification structure, solute distribution, andmaterial properties were discussed. Results show that the solidification behavior of Cu–Fe alloy have influenced through thechange of temperature and solute fields in the presence of an applied RMF. The Fe dendrites were refined and transformed torosettes or spherical grains under forced convection. The solute distribution in Cu-rich phase and Fe-rich phase were changedbecause of the variation of the supercooling degree and the solidification rate. Further, the variation in solute distributionwas impacted the strengthening mechanism and conductive mechanism of the material.

Long noncoding RNA UCA1 inhibits ischaemia/reperfusion injury induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis via suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress

Jing Chen,Qi Hu,Bo‑fang Zhang,Xiao‑pei Liu,Shuo Yang,Hong Jiang 한국유전학회 2019 Genes & Genomics Vol.41 No.7

Background Ischemia heart disease is one of the major causes of death worldwide which often associated with tissue infarction and limit the recovery of function. Multiple factors involved in the I/R-induced cardiomyocyte dysfunction which were consistent with a role of oxidative stress and altered endothelium-dependent responses. However, the pathogenic mechanisms in I/R injury remain unclear. Materials and methods The H9C2 cells were in the ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) condition. After I/R, the cells were transfected with or without adenovirus-urothelial carcinoma associated 1(Ad-UCA1). Then qRT-PCR analysis was performed to quantify mRNA expression of different treatment groups. Cell apoptosis rate was assessed using flow cytometry and ER stress biomarker expression were measured by immunoblotting. Intracellular and mitochondrial ROS generation were assayed by fluorescence microscope after staining with the DCFDA or MitoSOX. Results I/R conditions trigger lncRNAs UCA1 expression, cellular and mitochondria ROS production, resulting in cell apoptosis through the induction of oxidative and ER stress. Overexpression of UCA1 protects H9C2 cells from I/R-induced ER stress and cell apoptosis. Moreover, UCA1 might be a potential regulator in the protective effect of I/R‑induced oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction. Subsequently, ER stress inhibitor attenuated the effect of siUCA1 induced injury in H9C2 cells. Conclusion The expression of UCA1 against I/R induced oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction via suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress. UCA1 might be a biomarker to improved diagnosis of I/R injury.

Distinct mutations in MLH1 and MSH2 genes in Hereditary Non-polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC) families from China

( Wen Qian Wei ),( Fang Qi Liu ),( Lei Liu ),( Zuo Feng Li ),( Xiao Yan Zhang ),( Fan Jiang ),( Qu Shi ),( Xiao Yan Zhou ),( Wei Qi Sheng ),( San Jun Cai ),( Xuan Li ),( Ye Xu ),( Peng Nan ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2011 BMB Reports Vol.44 No.5

Hereditary non-polyposis Colorectal Cancer (HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant inheritance syndrome. HNPCC is the most common hereditary variant of colorectal cancer (CRC), which accounts for 2-5% CRCs, mainly due to hMLH1 and hMSH2 mutations that impair DNA repair functions. Our study aimed to identify the patterns of hMSH2 and hMLH1 mutations in Chinese HNPCC patients. Ninety-eight unrelated families from China meeting Amsterdam or Bethesda criteria were included in our study. Germline mutations in MLH1 and MSH2 genes, located in the exons and the splice-site junctions, were screened in the 98 probands by direct sequencing. Eleven mutations were found in ten patients (11%), with six in MLH1 (54.5%) and five in MSH2 (45.5%) genes. One patient had mutations in both MLH1 and MSH2 genes. Three novel mutations in MLH1 gene (c.157_160delGAGG, c.2157dupT and c.-64G>T) were found for the first time, and one suspected hotspot in MSH2 (c.1168C>T) was revealed. [BMB reports 2011; 44(5): 317-322]

Predictors for Better Blood-Flow Restoration of Long-Segmental Below-the-Knee Chronic Total Occlusions after Endovascular Therapy in Diabetic Patients

Xiao-Li Song,Yue-Qi Zhu,Hai-Tao Lu,Fang Liu,Li-Ming Wei,강형근,Jun-Gong Zhao 대한영상의학회 2016 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.17 No.6

Objective: To prospectively investigate predictors for good restoration of blood flow of below-the-knee (BTK) chronic total occlusions (CTOs) after endovascular therapy in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 long-segmental (≥ 5 cm) BTK, CTOs in 81 patients who underwent recanalization were included in this study. After angioplasty, blood-flow restoration was assessed using modified thrombolysis in myocardial ischemia grades and classified as good flow (grade 3) and poor flow (grade 1/2). One hundred and six CTOs with successful recanalization were divided into a good flow group (GFG; n = 68) and poor flow group (PFG; n = 38). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were undertaken to determine independent predictors of blood-flow restoration. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to determine the best cutoff value. The prevalence of target-lesion restenosis during follow-up was compared between two groups. Results: Univariate analyses suggested that CTOs in GFG were characterized by lighter limb ischemia (p = 0.03), shorter course of ischemic symptoms (p < 0.01) and lesion length (p = 0.04), more frequent use of intraluminal angioplasty (p = 0.03), and higher runoff score (p < 0.01) than those in PFG. Multivariate regression analyses suggested that distal runoffs (p = 0.001; odds ratio [OR], 10.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.082–26.071) and lesion length (p < 0.001; OR, 1.26; 95% CI: 1.091–1.449) were independent predictors for good flow restoration. Kaplan-Meier analyses at 12 months showed a higher prevalence of non-restenosis in GFG (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Distal runoffs and lesion length are independent predictors for good flow restoration for long-segmental BTK, CTOs in DM patients who receive endovascular therapy.