나선식 CT의 다평면 재구성을 이용한 CT 담관조영술: 간외담관 폐쇄성 황달 환자에서의 유용성

강형근 대한영상의학회 1995 대한영상의학회지 Vol.33 No.6

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of the CT cholangiography by using helical CTwith multiplanar reformation in patients with extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Materials and Methods : Helical CTwas performed in 36 patients of extrahepatic biliary obstruction confirmed by operation or invasivecholangiography(percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography or endoscopic retrograde cholagiopancreatography). Thecause of obstructions were 18 benign diseases(11 common bile duct stones, four choledochal cysts, threepancreatitis) and 18 malignant diseases(seven common bile duct carcinomas, seven pancreatic head carcinomas, threeampullary carcinomas, one periampullary duodenal carcinoma). After helical scanning through the extrahepatic bileduct, retrospective reconstruction of the helical data was performed. And then, CT cholagiogram was obtained withmultiplanar reformation. We evaluated the technical success rate and the accuracy in determinating the level andthe cause of the obstruction. We compared findings of the CT cholangiogram with that of operation or invasivecholangiography. Results : In 100%(36/36) of cases, CT cholangiography could be obtained successfully. Theaccuracy of the CT cholangiography in determinating the level of the obstruction was 100%(11 cases ofsuprapancreatic duct, 13 cases of intrapancreatic duct, 13 cases of infrapancreatic duct and ampulla), and theaccuracy in determinating the cause of the obstruction was 91.7%(all cases of 18 benign diseases, and 15 cases of18 malignant diseases). Conclusion : In evaluating the obstruction of extrahepatic bile ducts, the CTcholangiography by using helical CT with multiplanar reformation is an useful noninvasive method in determinatingthe level and the cause of biliary obstruction and therefore could replace the invasive cholangiography.

대만 타이베이 국제학회를 다녀와서

강형근 한국토목섬유학회 2010 한국토목섬유학회지 Vol.9 No.3

지방교육자치제의 쟁점과 발전방안

강형근 圓光大學校 敎育問題硏究所 2000 敎育硏究 Vol.- No.19

난소 종양의 자기공명영상 : 조영증강 후 지방신호억제 영상의 유용성

강형근 대한영상의학회 1995 대한영상의학회지 Vol.32 No.2

Purpose: To determine the value of Gd-DTPA enhanced fat-suppression(GEFS) MR imaging in the characterizationand differentiation of benign from malignant ovarian tumors. Materials and Methods: MRI findings of thirty-sevenpatients with surgically proved 44 ovarian tumors (30 benign, 14 malignant) were studied retrospectively. MRimaging with conventional spin echo (CSE ; T1-weighted image TR/TE 450/20, T2-weighted image TR/TE 3500/30, 90) andGEFS were performed with a 1.5T GE signa. MRI findings of tumors including cystic or solid, wall and septalthickness, necrosis, invasion to adjacent organ, ascites and lymphadenopathy were assessed separately by using CSEand GEFS images, and then tumors were characterized as benign or malignant. Results: Comparing with CSE image, GEFS MR image showed better visualization of solid component in 5 malignant lesions, wall thickness in 5 malignantand 1 benign lesions, septal thickness in 3 malignant and 1 benign lesions, necrosis in 1 malignant lesion, andadjacent soft tissue invasion in 5 malignant lesions. Correct characterization of malignant tumors was increasedfrom 71% on CSE image to 93% on GEFS image. However, correct characterization of benign tumors was 93% on bothimages. Conclusion: GEFS MR imaging could be useful for characterization of ovarian tumors, especially inmalignant cases, and employed for differentiation of benign from malignant tumors.

암묵기억과 외현기억 인출의 신경학적 기전: 기능적 자기공명영상법

강형근,정광우,서정진,Gang, Hyeong-Geun,Jeong, Gwang-U,Seo, Jeong-Jin 대한영상의학회 2003 대한영상의학회지 Vol.48 No.3

목적: 개념처리 수준에서의 암묵기억과 외현기억 인출과 관련된 대뇌 중추의 지도화를 기능적 자기공명영상법(fMRI)을 이용하여 획득하고 이를 통해 기억에 관한 신경학적 기전을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 오른손잡이 정상인 7명(평균 22세)을 대상으로 혈중의 산소 소모율 (Blood Oxygenation Level Dependence: BOLD)을 기반으로 한 기능적 자기공명영상법 (BOLD-fMRI)을 이용하였다. 대뇌피질을 활성화하기 위하여 먼저 두음절의 단어를 외우게 하고나서 개념처리수준에서 암묵 .외현기억 인출을 수행하게 하였다. 이때 사용한 패러다임은 30초의 휴식기와 30초의 활성기로 구성되어 있고 휴식기에서는 화면상에 십자모양 (+)을 집중하도록 하였고, 활성기 동안에는 단어를 8개씩 기억하도록 하면서 영상을 획득하였다. 이때, 전교련 (AC)과 후교련 (PC)연장선과 평행한 10개의 단면영상을 얻었으며, 활성화지도는 SPM99 프로그램을 이용하여 재구성하였다. 결과: 암묵과 외현기억 인출의 비교 실험에서 피검자수를 기준으로 한 대뇌 각 부위의 활성화율(%)을 분석한 결과, 측두엽의 Rhs-35와 대상회의 PoCiG-23과 ICiG-26 .30 부위는 외현 기억에서만 활성화 되었으며,그 밖의 부위에서는 암묵과 외현기억 인출에서 공통으로 활성화 신호를 나타냈다. 두엽별 활성화율은 전두엽과 두정엽, 후두엽에서는 암묵과 외현기억 인출시 동일한 활성화율을 보였으나, 대상회와 측두엽에서는 암묵기억에 비하여 외현기억 인출시에 각각 약 30%와 10%더 높은 활성화율을 보였다.또한 대뇌 각 부위별 활성화된 pixel 수를 이용하여 활성화 지수 (%, 암묵기억 기준)를 측정한 결과, 외현기억 인출시 활성화도가 보다 높은 부위는 측두엽과 두정엽, 후두엽, 대상회의 모든 영역과 전두엽의 PrCeG-4와 Pr/PoCeG-43이었으며, 암묵기억 인출시에 활성화도가 높은 부위는 전두엽의 SCA-25, SFG/MFG-10, IFG-44 .45, OrbG-11 .47, SFG-6 .8,MFG-9 .46이었다. 좌 .우반구 우세도 (%, 좌반구 기준)는 암묵과 외현기억 인출 모두에서 좌반구 우세를 보였으나, 암묵기억에 비하여 외현기억 인출에서 2배 이상의 좌반구편재화가 더 크게 나타났다. 결론: 기능적 자기공명영상을 이용하여 개념처리 수준에서의 언어의 암묵인출과 외현인출에 따르는 대뇌 활성화 영역과 활성화도의 차이점을 밝혀냈으며, 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 암묵과 외현기억 인출의 기전은 인지 .신경과학적인 측면에서 서로 다르다는 사실을 밝혀낼 수 있었다. Purpose: To identify, using functional MR imaging, distinct cerebral centers and to evaluate the neural mechanism associated with implicit and explicit retrieval of words during conceptual processing. Materials and Methods: Seven healthy volunteers aged 21-25 (mean, 22) years underwent BOLD-based fMR imaging using a 1.5T Signa Horizon Echospeed MR system. To activate the cerebral cortices, a series of tasks was performed as follows: the encoding of two-syllable words, and implicit and explicit retrieval of previously learned words during conceptual processing. The activation paradigm consisted of a cycle of alternating periods of 30 seconds of stimulation and 30 seconds of rest. Stimulation was accomplished by encoding eight twosyllable words and the retrieval of previously presented words, while the control condition was a white screen with a small fixed cross. During the tasks we acquired ten slices (6 mm slice thickness, 1 mm gap) parallel to the AC-PC line, and the resulting functional activation maps were reconstructed using a statistical parametric mapping program (SPM 99). Results: A comparison of activation ratios (percentages), based on the number of volunteers, showed that activation of Rhs-35, PoCiG-23 and ICiG-26$.$30 was associated with explicit retrieval only; other brain areas were activated during the performance of both implicit and explicit retrieval tasks. Activation ratios were higher for explicit tasks than for implicit; in the cingulate gyrus and temporal lobe they were 30% and 10% greater, respectively. During explicit retrieval, a distinct brain activation index (percentage) was seen in the temporal, parietal, and occipital lobe and cingulate gyrus, and PrCeG-4, Pr/PoCeG-43 in the frontal lobe. During implicit retrieval, on the other hand, activity was greater in the frontal lobe, including the areas of SCA-25, SFG/MFG-10, IFG-44$.$45, OrbG-11$.$47, SFG-6$.$8, and MFG-9$.$46. Overall, activation was lateralized mainly in the left hemisphere during both implicit and explicit retrieval tasks. For explicit retrieval, the lateralization index was more than twice as high as for implicit retrieval. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that there is neuro-anatomical dissociation between implicit and explicit retrieval of words during conceptual processing, suggesting, on the basis of cognitive neuroscience, that the performance of implicit and explicit memory-related tasks involves different mechanisms.

척추응급질환의 방사선학적 고찰

강형근,정현대 全南大醫大 1982 전남의대학술지 Vol.19 No.3

안면부 및 경부에 이물질을 자가 주입한 환자 1례: 증례보고

강형근,서효석,강민구,장충현 대한성형외과학회 2008 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.35 No.5

Purpose: In the past, laymen or beauty parlor employees commonly injected people with unproven foreign material such as paraffin, silicone, and cooking oil. We have treated a patient who injected foreign material into her face and neck. Methods: For the last 20 years, a 43-year-old woman has been injecting herself in the face and neck with foreign material. There was no tenderness, erythema, pain, ulceration, or necrosis. However many visible, touchable subcutaneous masses were found. Her face was extremely ugly and disfigured by the foreign material. We could not recognize the boundary between her neck and mandible. The occipital scalp drooped extremely. Over the past 3 years, from February 2005 to October 2007, we performed 15 operations. Results: We conducted a cephalometric facial analysis to compare preoperative and postoperative facial diameter. The patient’s upper face diameter decreased from 67cm to 60 cm, the mid face diameter from 82cm to 59cm, the lower face diameter from 63 cm to 50cm, and the neck circumference diameter from 53cm to 44cm, respectively. The mid sagittal diameter decreased from 26 cm to 23cm. The total excised tissue weight was 4023.7 gram after 15 operations. Received April 25, 2008 Revised June 11, 2008 Accepted July 10, 2008 Address Correspondence:Choong Hyun Chang, M.D., Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 108 Pyung-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-746, Korea. Tel: 02)2001-2178/Fax: 02)2001-2177/ E-mail: eppeen@hanmail.net Conclusion: Serial excision of face and neck masses in a patient who injected herself with foreign material resulted in a satisfactory outcome.

韓國 成人의 正常 胃後腔 및 十二指腸後腔과 體重과의 放射線學的 比較 硏究

姜炯根 全南大醫大 1979 전남의대학술지 Vol.16 No.2

뇌낭미충증에 대한 전산화단층촬영소견

강형근,강삼석 全南大醫大 1983 전남의대학술지 Vol.20 No.4

반흔의 단단함에 따른 반흔성형술의 결과 예측

강형근,서효석,장충현,손진희 대한미용성형외과학회 2009 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.15 No.2

Wound healing proceeds, fibroblasts play a major role in controlling the composition and amount of extracellular matrix and collagen metabolism. As the amount of collagen product is increased, the scar becomes more thicker and harder. Firmness of the scar can significantly influence the outcome of scar revision depending on the amount of collagen. This study aimed to classify the results of surgical scar revision according to the hardness of the scar and to compare histological differences and effectiveness in scar revision surgery between each classification. We selected subjects who had undergone scar revision and examined their scar pathology and surveyed the satisfaction levels of patients and Vancouver scar scale in each group. As the scar hardness increased from soft to hard, more collagen fiber bundle and elastic fiber tangling were noted. On the other hand, the satisfaction of patients was increased as the scar hardness was decreased from hard to soft. In this study, therefore, we concluded that as the scar becomes harder, the tangling of elastic fibers and the amount of collagen fiber bundles increase. Such patients revealed a robust collagen metabolism, and showed worse results of scar revision.