응급실에 내원한 약물중독환자의 지역별 비교분석

임근우,박일영,유승진,나병호,오동렬,전해명,황주일,김세경 대한응급의학회 1995 대한응급의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

We reviewed retrospectively 230 patients who came to emergency room of Kang Nam St. Mary's Hospital and Uijongbu St. Mary's Hospital between 1. January and 31. December 1994. We classified them according to their age, sex, a sort of drug, the cause of poisoning, prehospital care, time-lapse to arrive at hospital after poisoning, psychiatric problem the status of patients. *We conclude as follows; 1. The male to female ratio was totally 1 : 1.98, 1 : 1.24 in a urban area, 1 : 2.43 in a rural area. 2. On age of the patients in this study, the peake incidence was between 20 and 39(55.2%). 3. On seasonal prevalence, the poisoning was most common in summer and spring, in urban area(35.7%) and rural area(37.0%) respectively. 4. The common drug were as follow; Doxylamine, Organophosphate, Acetaminophen in urban area, Paraquat, Organophospate, Doxylamine in rural area 5. The percentage of suicidal attempt were 81.8% and 87.7% in urban area and rural area respectively. 6. The poisoning patients had psychatric problem in 19.4% and 24.6%, in urban area and rural area respectively. 7. Before arrival to emergency room, 27.7% of patient was done prehospital care in rural area. 8. On arrival to emergency room, 95.1% and 73.8% of patients show stable vital sign in urban area and rural area respectively.

工業團地內 새마을運動 共同推進方案에 관한 硏究

金千鎰,裵源達,林德相,張晩植 효성여자대학교 새마을연구소 1989 새마을硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.-

효율적 인력물자 운반용 적·하화대의 개발 및 활용

황춘수,장통일,임현교 한국안전학회 2003 한국안전학회지 Vol.18 No.2

In recent years, the Korean Army made use of fork-lifters or conveyors when loading and/or unloading military material in order to prevent accidents and to promote efficiency of military material handling activities. However, in troops smaller than battalions, manual material handling activities are still committed for many reasons. In this thesis, a brand new loading/unloading device for efficient military material handling for manual workers was developed, and its validation study was conducted through objective assessment based on electromyography, subjective assessment based on Body-Map technique developed by Corlett and Bishop, and finally work performance comparison. The results of EMG analysis showed that muscular workload improved by 24% when using the device compared to manual work without the device, and complain of each body part was remarkably reduced. In addition, remarkable effectiveness enhancement was observed in the work performance. Consequently, it could be concluded that ergonomic devices like one developed in this research should he studied further in the ergonomic sense as well as in the economical sense.

한국인의 급성 골수성 백혈병 및 골수 이형성 증후군과 HLA 연관성

윤정숙,김원일,한경자,김용구,임지향,민우성,김춘추 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2000 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.5 No.1

배경:주조직 적합항원 복합체(Major Histocompatibility Complex : MHC)는 쥐에서 처음 이식 항원으로 발견된 이래 이식 면역 분야에서 광범위하게 연구되어 왔으며, 면역 반응을 조절하는 주요 유전자로서 감염, 종양, 자가면역 질환 등의 발생에 관여한다. 사람에서 자가 면역 질환과 HLA 연관성이 증명되어 있으나, 백혈병에서 HLA 연관성에 관한 연구는 드물며 대상군 수가 유의한 결론을 얻기에 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 급성 골수성 백혈병(AML)과 골수 이형성 증후군(MDS) 환자를 대상으로 HLA class I, II 항원 및 2-유전자좌 일배체형 빈도를 구하고, 이를 정상 대조군과 비교하는 통계적 방법으로 AML 및 MDS군과 연관된 HLA 항원 및 일배체형이 있는지 살펴보고, AML군은 FAB 분류와 면역 표현형 분류에 따른 아군으로 분류하여 각 아군과 연관된 HLA 항원 및 일배체형을 관찰함으로써 AML 및 MDS군과 HLA의 연관성을 규명해 보고자 하였다. 방법:1991년 1월부터 1998년 7월까지 성모병원에 내원하여 NIH standard microlymphocytotoxicity를 이용한 혈청학적 방법으로 HLA class I, II 항원 형별 검사를 실시한 415례의 AML과 62례의 MDS 환자를 대상으로 하여 각 질환군과 FAB, 면역 표현형 아군에서 HLA 항원 빈도와 유전자 빈도를 구하고, 항원 빈도를 대조군과 비교하여 Haldane’s method에 따라 상대 위험도(RR)를 구한 뒤 chi-square 법으로 유의성을 검증하였다. AML, MDS 각 질환군과 아군에서 square root법을 이용하여 HLA A-B, C-B, B-DR 2-유전자좌 일배체형 빈도를 구하고, 이를 대조군과 비교하여 chi-square 법으로 유의성을 검증하였다. 결과:1) Cw8이 AML, MDS 질환군에서 RR이 0.10, 0.22로 매우 감소하여 이들 질환과 강한 연관성 정도를 나타냈다(p<0.001). 2) Blank 유전자 빈도의 증가가 AML, MDS 질환군의 각 HLA locus에서 관찰되었으며, 특히 이 분석 결과는 DR locus에서 현저하여, AML과 MDS군에서 DR-blank 빈도는 11.6%, 7.0%로 매우 증가하였다. 3)AML군과 A2-B61, Cw8-B61, B62-DR11 일배체형 연관성과, MDS군과 Cw3-B51, B62-DR14, B35-DR9 일배체형 연관성이 관찰되었다. 4)FAB 분류별 아군에서 AML-M3와 A33 항원 연관성과 AML-M1과 A2-B51 일배체형 연관성이 높은 통계적 유의성을 나타내었다(p<0.001). 5) AML 면역 표현형 아군에서 HLA-A29, B56 항원과 panmyeloid 면역 표현형인 CD33, CD15와의 연관성이 관찰되었고, A2-B48, Cw7-B44 일배체형과 myeloid 면역 표현형인 CD34, CD33, CD11c와의 연관성이 관찰되었다. 결론:AML과 MDS는 HLA와 연관성 있는 질환이며, AML과 MDS군의 발생 및 AML군에서 백혈병 세포의 분화 단계를 예측하기 위해 본 연구 자료가 유용할 것으로 생각된다. Background:The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) has been widely studied in the field of transplantation immunology, since initially defined as transplantation antigen in mouse in 1936. Although associations have been demonstrated between many autoimmune diseases and HLA in human, the studies of HLA association with human leukemia are rare, and have too small sample size to get a significant result. We tried to invesgate the association of AML and MDS with HLA, and the association of FAB, immunological subgroup with HLA in AML group by using appropriate statistical methods. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the HLA role in the development of AML and MDS, and find any HLA antigens or haplotypes which can predict the development of AML or MDS. Methods: The subject of this study was 415 patients with AML and 62 patients with MDS who admitted in St. Mary's hospital between 1991. 1. and 1998. 7., and were typed for HLA class I, II antigens by using serological method of NIH standard microlymphocytotoxicity. We calculated the HLA antigen, gene and 2-locus haplotype frequencies in AML and MDS group and FAB, immunological subgroup, calculated relative risk by Haldane's method by comparing HLA antigen frequencies in disease group with those in normal control population. The Chi-Square method or Fisher's exact test was used to assess the significance of the differencies in the antigen and haplogtype distributions in the control vs disease population. Results: 1)The frequencies of Cw8 were severely decreased in AML and MDS population with relative risk of 0.10, 0.22, and revealed high statistical significance with p-values less than 0.001, suggesting strong Cw8 association with AML and MDS. This means Cw8 may be a gene which resists to the development of AML and MDS, or may be linked to other recessive gene, Cw8 may be a gene which encodes increased immune responses to exogenous antigens such as leukemia virus, or may be linked to other immune response gene, otherwise, Cw8 may be an antigen which has a key role in immune surveillance to the development of AML or MDS. 2) Blank gene frequencies were increased in AML and MDS group, and this phenomenon was prominent in DR locus, showing 11.6% and 7.0% of DR-blank gene frequencies in AML and MDS. This suggests increased HLA homozygosity or increased undetected antigens due to loss or modification of HLA alleles in AML and MDS. 3) The associations of A2-B61, Cw8-B61, B62-DR11 haplotypes with AML, and A30-B14, Cw3-B51, B62-DR14, B35-DR9 haplotypes with MDS were observed. 4) According to FAB classification in AML, highly significant HLA-A33 antigen association with AML-M3 and A2-B51 haplotype association with AML-M1 were observed. 5) According to immunological classification in AML, HLA-A29, B56 each antigen association with CD33, CD15, panmyeloid immunophenotypes and A2-B48, Cw7-B44 each haplotype association with CD34, CD33, CD11c, myeloid immunophenotypes were observed. Conclusion:AML and MDS is a disease associated with HLA, and this study will be valuable in predicting the development of AML and MDS, differentiation stages of leukemic cells in AML.

An Early-Maturing, High-Quality, and High-Yielding Rice Cultivar "Munjangbyeo"

Kil Lim Ryu,Jeong IL Kim,You Chun Song,Jung Kon Kim,Beong Chul Moon,Sang Jong Lim,Ho Yeong Kim,Hae Chune Choi,Soon Chul Kim,Moo Sang Lim,Hee Woo Lee,Yeon Kyu Hong,Dae Sik Kim 한국육종학회 2003 한국육종학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Munjangbyeo' is a japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Sangsanbyeo and Suweon 397 by Sangju Substation of National Yeongnam Agricultural Experiment Station, RDA in 1999. The cultivar is early matured with heading date of Aug. 2 in ordinar

An Early Maturing, High Quality, and High Yielding Rice Cultivar "Sangmibyeo"

Kil Lim Ryu,Jung Kon Kim,You Chun Song,Jeong IL Kim,Sang Jong Lim,Soon Chul Kim,Moo Sang Lim,Hee Woo Lee,Yeon Kyu Hong,Dae Sik Kim 한국육종학회 2003 한국육종학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Sangmibyeo' is a japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Sambaegbyeo and Ou 316 by Sangju Substation of National Yeongnam Agricultural Experiment Station, R.D.A. in 1998. The cultivar is early maturing with heading date of August 7 in ordina

The Association of Rate of Weight Gain During Early Adulthood With the Prevalence of Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease in Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: The MAXWEL-CAD Study

Lim, Soo,Choi, Sung Hee,Kim, Kyoung Min,Choi, Sang Il,Chun, Eun Ju,Kim, Min Joo,Park, Kyong Soo,Jang, Hak Chul,Sattar, Naveed American Diabetes Association 2014 Diabetes care Vol.37 No.9

<P><B>OBJECTIVE</B></P><P>To investigate the association of the rate of weight gain (Rate<SUB>max_wt</SUB>) between the age of 20 years and the age of maximum lifetime weight gain with indicators of subclinical coronary artery disease (CAD) at the time of diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D).</P><P><B>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</B></P><P>We studied 1,724 consecutive Korean subjects aged ≥30 years with recently diagnosed (within 3 months) T2D and one or more cardiovascular risk factors to investigate the association of Rate<SUB>max_wt</SUB> with subclinical CAD. We used 64-slice cardiac computed tomography angiography to evaluate the degree of coronary artery stenosis, multivessel involvement, plaque characteristics, and coronary artery calcium score (CACS). Body weight at age 20 years (Wt<SUB>20y</SUB>) was obtained from participant records. Participants recalled their maximum weight (Wt<SUB>max</SUB>) before T2D diagnosis and age at maximum weight (Age<SUB>max_wt</SUB>). The Rate<SUB>max_wt</SUB> was calculated as (Wt<SUB>max</SUB> – Wt<SUB>20y</SUB>) / (Age<SUB>max_wt</SUB> – 20 years).</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>The prevalence of coronary artery stenosis (≥50%), multivessel involvement (two or more vessels), plaque characteristics, and CACS ≥100 were 11.4%, 6.6%, 19.7%, and 12.8%, respectively. Mean Wt<SUB>20y</SUB> and Wt<SUB>max</SUB> were 60.1 ± 10.5 and 73.0 ± 11.5 kg, respectively. Mean Age<SUB>max_wt</SUB> was 41.3 ± 10.7 years, and Rate<SUB>max_wt</SUB> was 0.59 ± 0.56 kg/year. After adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, including current BMI, the highest quarter of prior weight gain was significantly associated with coronary artery stenosis, multivessel involvement, and plaque characteristics, particularly mixed and noncalcified plaque.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B></P><P>The findings suggest that a greater rate of prior weight gain may accelerate the development of subclinical vascular complications in patients with newly diagnosed T2D.</P>

다층신경망과 DCT 특징추출을 이용한 모델인식

임춘환,류재민,양원일,박종안 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 1999 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.2 No.1

이 논문에서는 잡음에 대해 유연성이 있는 신경망과 차영상법-DCT를 이용한 얼굴인식 알고리즘을 제안한다. 동일환경(조도의 세기. 얼굴에서 카메라 까지의 거리)에서 연속적으로 두개의 영상을 캡쳐했다. 이 때 한 영상은 얼굴을 포함하지 않고 다른 영상은 얼굴을 포함하게된다. 차영상 방법을 이용하여 두개의 이미지로부터 얼굴영상과 배경영상을 분리하고 그 다음에 분리된 얼굴영역에서 사각영역을 추출하여 이 영역을 얼굴의 특징영역으로 이용하였다. 이 사각 영역은 눈, 코, 입, 눈썹 등이 포함된다. 다음으로 이 영역에 대해 DCT 연산을 수행한 후 특징 벡터를 추출하였고 추출된 특징벡터는 정규화되어 신경망의 입력벡터로 사용되었다. 시뮬레이션 결과 학습된 얼굴영상에 대해서는 100% 인식률을 보였고 학습되지 않는 얼굴영상에 대해서는 95.42%의 인식률을 보였다. In this paper, we propose a face recognition algorithm based on the differential image method-DCT. Using the same condition(same luminous intensity and same distance from the fixed CCD camera to human face), we have captured two images One doesn't contain human face. The other contains human face. Differential image method is used to separate the second image into face region and background region. And then, we have extracted square area from the face region, which is based on the edge distribution. This square region is used to the characteristics region of human face. It contains the eye bows, the eyes, the nose, and the mouth. After executing DCT for this square region, we have extracted the feature vectors. The feature vectors were normalized and used as the input vectors of the neural network. Through simulation results, we prove that the proposed algorithm show 100% recognition rate in case face images were learned and 95.42% recognition rate in case face images weren't learned.

단조로운 배경 영상에서 에지와 DCT를 이용한 특징추출과 얼굴 인식

임춘환,박수봉,양원일,박종안 조선대학교 전자정보통신연구소 1999 電子情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.2 No.1

이 논문에서는, 배경이 단조로운 영상에서 에지와 DCT를 이용하여 이미지의 특징을 추출하는 얼굴인식 알고리즘을 제안한다. 동일한 조도와 거리로 사람의 얼굴은 CCD 카메라에 의해 캡쳐되었다. 얼굴 영상의 에지특성은 눈썹과 입에 집중된다 따라서 얼굴의 에지영상을 이용하여 얼굴 영상을 얼굴의 특징이 모두 포함되는 사각영역으로 분리하였다. 본 연구에서는 사각 영역을 얼굴 영상의 특징영역으로 하였다. 이 특징영역에는 눈, 눈썹, 코, 입, 볼, 뺨이 포함된다. 분리된 사각영역에 대해 DCT를 수행한 후, 특징벡터를 추출하였고 특징벡터는 정규화 되어 신경망의 입력벡터가 되었다. 실험영상에 대한 시뮬레이션 결과 학습된 얼굴영상에 대해서는 100%의 인식률을 보였고 학습되지 않는 얼굴영상에 대해서는 94%의 인식률을 보였다. In this paper, we propose a face recognition algorithm which extract feature of image based on edge and DCT in monotonous background image. Human face was captured by the fixed CCD camera in the same luminesce density and distance. Edge character istics of face images is concentrated in eye bows and mouth. Therefore, Using edge distribution of face image, we separated input images with square region which includes features of face image. We determined this area to the feature region of face that contains eye bows, eyes, nose, mouth and cheek We extracted feature vector to perform DCT about the square region. Feature vectors were normalized between +1 and -1 and then used for the input vector of neural networks. Simulation results showed 100% recognition for 30 face images when face images were learned and 94% recognition rate when face images weren't learned.

Sport Dance 에 關한 大學生들의 意識觀

천영일,임재숙 중앙대학교 스포츠과학연구소 2000 體育硏究 Vol.- No.13

Purpose ; This study is to present data for understanding and development of Sport Dance, an exhibition event of Sydney Olympic Game 2000 years, by examining university students' view consciousness on the Sport Dance. Method ; To investigate and analysis in conformity with questionnaire method on 300(150 male, 150 female) students attending three universities in Seoul. Result ; 1. The practical sense on the Sport Dance showed 41.37% of the university time, 53.44% of social dance on the contents, 55.86% of nothing on the concern. 2. The acknowledge of events on the Sport Dance showed 66.89% of know, 43.79% of adult social intercourse on the point of ours social view, 55.5% of lack of the understanding and the sense of value. 3. The necessity of modern society showed 55.86% of affirming, that reason showed 46.91% of moral health, 37.03% of personal relation, etc. 4. The opinion for healthy popularization showed 30.68% of the reform of consciousness and the establishment of value system, 47.93% of the course of university physical education, etc.