요추부 수술후 통증관리를 위하여 실시한 Morphine Sulfate를 이용한 Caudal Block의 효과

윤승환,박형천,김은영,전병윤,이홍식,이성근 대한신경외과학회 1997 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.26 No.6

특수일 전력수요예측을 위한 신경회로망 시스템의 개발

윤형선,김광호,이철희 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1998 産業技術硏究 Vol.18 No.-

Conventional short-term load forecasting techniques have limitation in their use on holidays due to dissimilar load behaviors of holidays and insufficiency of pattern data. Thus, a new short-term load forecasting method for special days in anomalous load conditions is proposed in this paper. The proposed method uses two Artificial Neural Networks(ANN); one is for the estimation of load curve, and the other is for the estimation of minimum and maximum value of load. The forecasting procedure is as follows. First, the normalized load curve is estimated by ANN. At next step, minimum and maximum values of load in a special day is obtained by combining these two outputs of ANNs. The proposed method shows a good performance, and it may be effectively applied to the practical situations.

서비스직 근로자의 감정 노동과 우울 수준

김수연,장세진,김형렬,노재훈 大韓産業醫學會 2002 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.14 No.3

목적 : 본 연구는 조직의 규범화된 감정표현 규칙을 통해 감정 노동을 수행하는 서비스직 근로자들과 감정노동을 수행하지 않는 근로자들 대상으로 우울 수준의 정도를 비교하고, 감정 노동이 우울 수준과 어떠한 관련성을 보이는가를 파악하고자 하였다. 방법 : 서울의 백화점, 호텔, 외식업체에서 대면접객 서비스를 수행하는 331명의 감정 노동군과 서울의 한 공공기관의 사무직 근로자 90명, 인천의 한 전자제품 조립공장의 생산직 근로자 60명의 총 150명의 비감정 노동군을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 직무 긴장도 및 직업불안정성, 직무만족도, 감정 노동, 우울 수준을 측정하기 위한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 결과 : 첫째, 감정 노동군이 비감정 노동군에 비해 직업불안정성과 우울 수준이 통계적으로 유의하게 높았으며, 직무만족도와 직무요구도, 직무자율성은 비감정 노동군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 둘째, 감정 노동군에서 우울 수준은 직무요구도, 직업불안정성과 양의 상관관계를 보였고 직무자율성, 직무만족도와는 음의 상관관계를 보였다. 감정노동정도는 직무요구도와 우울 수준간에는 양의 상관관계가, 직무자율성 및 직무만족도와는 음의 상관관계가 발견되었다. 셋째, 감정 노동군과 비감정 노동군을 전체 대상자로 하여 분석한 결과, 감정 노동을 하고 직업불안정성의 정도가 클수록, 그리고 직무 만족도가 낮을 수록 우울 수준이 높았다. 넷째, 감정 노동군에서는 직무에 대한 안정성이 낮을수록, 직무만족도가 낮을수록, 그리고 감정 노동 정도가 높을수록 우울 수준이 높았다. 결론 : 감정 노동군이 비감정 노동군과 달리 감정 노동을 수행함으로써 우울 수준이 더 높았으며, 이는 감정의 표현이 개인의 자발성으로부터 표출되는 것이 아닌 외부의 힘에 의해강요된 노동으로 나타나는 경우 그 것 자체가 개인의 우울 정도와 관련이 있다는 의미로 해석할 수 있다. 또한 낮은 직무만족도 역시 우울 수준의 증가와 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 감정 노동수행 근로자들의 우울 수준을 감소시키기 위한 전략으로 기업 이윤의 균등 분배, 근로자들의 복지제도 향상, 직무 스트레스 감소 프로그램의 개발 등을 통해 근로자들의 높은 직무 만족도를 향상시킬 수 있는 제도적 보완장치가 절실히 요청되며, 그 동안 부수적(complementary) 형태의 노동, 혹은 인격과 같은 개인적 차원의 문제로 축소되거나 은폐되어왔던 감정 노동을 하나의 노동과정으로 새롭게 인식하는 문제에 대해 관심을 가져야 할 것이다. Objectives: This sudy was designed to identify the relationship between emotional labor and depressive symptoms among Korean indusrial service employees. Methods: The case group consisted of 331 employees who were performing emotional labor at department stores, hotels, and family restaurants in Seoul. The control group in this study consisted of 150 employees (90 officers in Seoul and 60 manufacturing workers in Incheon) who were not expected to perform emotional labor. A structured questionnaire was used to estimate each participants level of emotional labor, general characteristics, job content, job satisfaction, and any depressive symptoms. The measurements for emotional labor were performed only on the case group and not the control group. Results: While the mean values of job satisfaction, job insecurity, and the level of depressive symptoms of the employees who were working in the area of emotional labor were higher than the others, the mean values of job demand, and job control in the same group were lower than those who were not performing emotional labor. Overall, it was found that performing emotional labor and having high levels of job insecurity were related to increased depressive symptoms, and conversely, job satisfaction played a role in reducing depressive symptoms. Similarly, in the sub-sample of the emotional labor group, high levels of job insecurity, and preforming high degrees of emotional labor, and low job satisfaction were associated with depressive symptoms. Conclusions: These results suggest that performing emotional labor is related to an increase in depressive symptoms. In other words, involuntary emotional expression and low job satisfaction in the workplace may influence the level of depressive symptoms in workers. It is, therefore, imperative that further research be undertaken, which considers the importance of emotional labor, and its adverse effect on the mental health of service workers.

抗腫瘍性 生藥의 生化學的 硏究(Ⅱ) : mouse의 간장중의 glucose- 6 -phosphatase에 미치는 영향

安年衡 圓光大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.15 No.1

The study on the effect of plant extracts on glucose-6-phosphatase in liver of mice bearing Sarcoma 180 was carried out in order to ~valuate the antitumor activity, Alcohol extracts of fifteen Korean medicinal plants have been tested in this paper, The materials to be tested were administered once a day by intraperitoneal injection for 9 days, commencing the day after tumor transplantation, The control group was received only 0.5% CMC. Most of the plant extracts did not showed effective activity

뇌동맥류성 지주막하 출혈 후 지연허혈신경결함에 대한 평가에 있어서의 Acetazolamide단일광자방출전산화 단층촬영술의 역할

김형중,김은영,하윤,윤승환,박형천,박현선 The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2004 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.35 No.2

스캔 설계 법칙 검사에 관한 연구

이재훈,김형국,조경연,임동욱,민형복 成均館大學校 科學技術硏究所 1997 論文集 Vol.48 No.2

Since testing of digital circuit is becoming increasingly important, many methodologies have been introduced to enhance design for testability (DFT). DFT was taken into account in the automated test procedure and improved reliability of the design. Both tasks are well suited for scan rule checker. This paper presents a scan rule checker for gate level digital circuits. The scan rule checker deals with basic rule check, basic scan rule check, muxed scan rule check, clocked scan rule check and lssd. Scan design informations were represented in the configuration file and libraries were modeled for the scan rule checker. It is an efficient way for the design for testability methodology.

강산 및 강알칼리 음독에서 냉각 용액을 사용한 희석 요법과 중화 요법의 가능성

이중의,송형곤,김동훈,권운용,곽영호,서길준,윤여규 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.3

Background: There is no effective treatment modality for caustic agent ingestion. Dilution and neutralization are prohibited because of the risk of secondary thermal injury. This experiment is designed to evaluate the amount of dilution and neutralization heat and to gauge the applicability of dilution and neutralization therapy using cold solutions to suppress the peak temperature. Methods: This is an in-vitro chemical experiment. HCl, CH3COOH, NaOH, and NH4OH are selected as representatives of strong and weak acids and strong and weak alkali, respectively. 20℃, 11.6M, 5.8M, and 2.9M solutions of each acid and alkali are made and mixed using a magnetic stirrer at a room air temperature of 28℃. The peak temperature, the duration above 40℃, and the heat amount are measured or calculated. Results: When a 11.6M HCl or NaOH solution is diluted with same amount of water, 32 or 18cal. per mL of HCl or NaOH is produced, respectively. HCl produces a significant peak temperature, but NaOH does not. The lower the concentration, the lower the amount of heat production. 11.6M CH3COOH and NH4OH solutions don't produce dilution heat.11.6M and 5.8M solutions of all acids and alkali produce destructive neutralization heat. However, 2.9M solutions produce neutralization heat which might be controllable. When a 11.6M HCl or NaOH solution is neutralized with a -10℃ 2.9 M NaOH or HCl solution, respectively, the peak temperature produced is below 40℃ and seems to add little thermal damage to viable tissue. Conclusion: Dilution and neutralization with a cold solution in cases of strong acid or alkali ingestion is a promising method to avoid thermal injury.

파라콰트 중독에서의 항산화치료

권운용,조유환,송형곤,김명천,이중의,서길준,윤여규 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Background: Paraquat causes severe tissue toxicity when ingested, but has no effective treatment modality. We have shown that high dose vitamin C has effective antioxidant activities against the paraquat intoxication in a previous animal experiment. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of antioxidant therapy with high dose vitamin C and vitamin E in human cases of paraquat intoxication. Methods: From August 1999 to August 2001, 19 paraquat intoxication patients who visited the emergency department of the Seoul National University Hospital and the Kyounghee University Hospital were enrolled to this study. They were devided into two groups, a control group(9 patients) and a study group(10 patients). The control group received only conservative managements including gastro-intestinal decontaminati-on. The study group received conservative managements plus the antioxidant therapy which was composed of vitamin C 24 gm/day intravenously and 20 gm/day orally, and vitamin E 1.6 gm/day orally. Results: In the study group, 5 of 10 patients(50%) survived, but all patients of the control group died(p=0.003). There were no significant differences in age, sex, and usage of gastric lavage and activated charcoal between the two groups. Difference in ingested amount of paraquat between the two groups could not be analyzed due to the inexact and subjective measuring methods based on patients' histories. Conclusion: Antioxidant therapy with high dose vitamin C and vitamin E is effective in vival rate in paraquat intoxicated patients.

Canine juvenile cellulites의 진단과 치료 증례

황철용,유종현,강형석,윤화영,한홍율 한국임상수의학회 2002 한국임상수의학회지 Vol.19 No.4

Canine Juvenile cellulitis was diagnosed in 2 puppies hospitalized in Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University. Characterized dermatological problems were presents of scale, crust, purlent exudation and alopecia limited on their face. On cytologic examinations of direct impression smears for the lesions, numerous neutrophils and macrophagies were observed. No bacteria and fungus were noted. Treatments with administration of predinisolone and antibiotic orally combined with topical shampoo treatment had good results for the two puppies.

119구급대를 통한 서울지역 외상환자 진료체계에 대한 통계분석

서길준,이승한,조익준,권운용,송형곤,이중의,윤여규 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Backgroud: Despite continous efforts to improve the prehospital trauma care system in Korea, the preventable death rate has been reported to be high. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prehospital trauma care system in Seoul by analyzing 119 rescue databases. Methods: The 119 rescue data bases of 22,275 trauma patients, who were transported to the secondary and tertiary hospital in Seoul by Seoul 119 rescue services from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2000, were analyzed. Results: The response time(mean 3.7 min.) showed no time, weekly, and regional variations. However, the transport time from field to hospital showed was high in the morning rush hour(7:00 to 10:00 am), and was gradually decreased and the lowest between 10:00 pm and 7:00 am. There was also a regional variation in the transport time, which was short in the central area and long in the peripheral area of Seoul. Prehospital cares were given to the 10,999 trauma patients(49.4%). Of the 464 unresponsive patients(2%), only 236 patients were identified in transported hospitals. The outcomes of these unresponsive patients were DOA(54%), survival(19%), death in ER(14%), transfer to other hospitals(8%), and death after admission(5%) in order. Conclusion: We suggest that this study may be helpful to the establishment and improvement of the prehospital trauma care system as well as the determination of the adequate numbers and locations of trauma center in Seoul.