Thermodynamic Calculations and Parameter Variations for Improving the Extraction Efficiency of Dy in Ternary Alloy System

Sun‑Woo Nam,Sang‑Min Park,Do‑Hyang Kim,Taek‑Soo Kim 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.3

The extraction behavior of dysprosium (Dy) in a rapidly solidified Dy–Fe–B alloy system consisting of Dy2Fe14Band Dy6Fe23phases was investigated using the liquid metal extraction (LME) process. Liquid magnesium (Mg) was selected as the solventmetal in LME because it forms intermetallic compounds with Dy but not with iron (Fe) and boron (B) in this process. Thediffusion behavior of Dy was estimated through thermodynamic calculations and subsequently confirmed by process parameterssuch as temperature and reaction time. As the temperature increases, the extraction rate increases and the maximumextraction efficiency is about 74% Dy for 1 h at 1000 °C. As the reaction time increases, we achieved the maximum extractionefficiency of 95% Dy after 24 h at 900 °C. The factor affecting Dy extraction ratio up to 6 h is Dy6Fe23phase, after which theextraction mainly occurs in Dy2Fe14Bphase. Furthermore, the diffusion behavior is described in detail with analysis basedon microstructural and compositional properties. The effects of process parameters on extraction rate are also discussed.

당뇨환자의 평소 식이중 식품군의 섭취빈도 분석

박선향,김순경,박영숙 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2004 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.10 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate foods frequency of usual diet in type 2 diabetic mellitus patients by survey. The collected data were consisted of items on general characteristics, dietary behaviors and foods frequencies of subjects. The subjects were consisted of 88 male and 74 female(total=162, mean age=52.6±13.4 years). The results were as follows. Subjects showed the difference intake frequencies each groups. But, the sea foods intake was affected the fasting blood glucose levels.

Retinoid 투여로 인한 四肢畸形 발생과정에 대한 조직화학적 연구

李鄕愛,金恩英,朴善華,全容赫 고려대학교 의과대학 1993 고려대 의대 잡지 Vol.30 No.1

Histochemistry of carbohydrate residues and morphohistological changes and/with their correlation during the process of the drug-induced limb dysmorphogenesis, following single intragastric dose of etretinate (100mg/kg, body wt.) in DDY mice on day either 10 or 11 of gestation, were analysed. Deformities were largely stage-depedent as, exposure to etretinate on gestational day (GD) 11 with paddle-shaped buds resulted in meromelic defects in 100%, whereas on GD 10 with semilunar buds, slightly retarded morphogenesis ; the drug distrubed mainly on core mesenchymal condensation-formation of precartilaginous zone, thus it appears that the most susceptible period to the etretinate in the limb development is the stage of mesenchymal condensation and the drug-induced cell death in the core mesenchyme was associated with the zones of programmed or phygiological cell death (PCD) but expanded even to the apical ectodermal ridge (AER) and the phenomena lasted longer. PAS·PAPS reactivities and lectin binding of glycoconjugates and CHO residues were differently expressed depend on tissue/stage-specific ; PAS·PAPS positive materials and bindings of Con A, RCA, WGA were gradually increased in epithelia and AER with the development proceed and in chondrogenesis, PAS·PAPS reactivity persisted strongly, while Con A, WGA and RCA expression were temporarily rised in initiation of condensation but decreased thereafter ; etretinate increased Con A bindings in epithelia but reduced expressions of other lectins and glycoconjugates especially in chondrogenesis. Although the drug affected the expression of lectin bindings and glycoconjugates, it seems that these results are caused by in consequence of the morphohistological changes. The results suggest that inhibition of chondrogenesis with subsequent malformation has a primary association with the excessive cell death in the regions of PCD but initial role that caused PCD to expand, accelerate and last longer could be consequence of cytotoxicity, inhibited extracellular matrix production, a combination of these effects or some other effect such as change of gene expression which remains a question.

사회관계망의 구조적 특성과 기능적 특성이 정신장애인의 사회적응에 미치는 영향

정선혜,이진향,서미경 대한신경정신의학회 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.2

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of structural and functional characteristics of social network on social adjustment in people with mental illness. Methods : 236 members of the people with mental illness who were enrolled in day hospital, community mental health center and social rehabilitation center participated in the survey. Results : Of structural and functional characteristics of social network, the influenced factors on social adjustment were network size of professional, social support (family, friend and professional) and conflict with professional. When controlling socio-demographic and disorder characteristics, this regression model affected significantly on social adjustment but the power of influence reduced slightly. Conclusion: In order to improve the social adjustment of people with mental illness, it is necessary for social network to provide them with more emotional and social resources. Especially, it is important for mental health professionals to build active partnership with the people with mental illness as consumer. For people with mental illness, the economic stability through guaranteed income such as disability benefits, and occupational rehabilitation is very important.

Thomas Hardy의 염세주의 : 그의 시를 중심으로

김선향,이경아 경남대학교 인문과학연구소 2000 人文論叢 Vol.13 No.-

This thesis proposed to estimate Thomas Hardy's pessimism presented in his poetry. Though it seems to be trite, it still has value to study when it comes to controversial problems in the previous arguments in addition to the dilemma that Thomas Hardy himself denies to be estimated as a pessimist. In a series of poems which tells absence of religious faith, the devises dialogues between his speaker and God in which God is not the God of love who is involved in the creation but the God of being unconscious and immoral. Even though he has concept of morality, he is an immoral being which does not accord with that of human being. Through such a negative and shocking figure of God whatever alternatives Hardy suggested, it is clear that the God Hardy described disagrees with the God of Christianity who takes care of his creation. Another mode that explains Hardy's process of exploring reality and recognizing it gradually is in a viewpoint of time. To Hardy time is always experienced as a fatal, violent and negative power. In this light Hardy's interest links to aging and death in the vanity of time which suffers erosion of time, and danger and injury. Even though Hardy constantly questions man's life such as this mode and tries to search for the meaning of it, his effort to understand man's tragic life is failed. Therefore the cause of Hardy's pessimism is a combination of nature's or God's indifference to the suffering of man, the ruthless and destructive transition of time, and man's loneliness and isolation, If we applies dark pessimism, which can be found in frustration and defeat of Hardy's characters, to his whole poetry we reveal only one aspect of his literature. Hardy's pessimism is his metaphysical anguish to the absurd state of mankind, a sincere attitude of recognizing the world and a process for groping his tragical poetic embodiment. Hardy's poetic tragedy dotted with frustration and isolation implies the tragedy in the daily life of every modern man.

경기지역 일부 이주노동자들의 직무스트레스와 우울 증상의 상관성

이선웅,김규상,김태균,류향우,이미영,원용림,송윤희 大韓産業醫學會 2009 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.21 No.1

목적 경기지역 일부 이주노동자들의 우울 증상을 파악하고 이에 영향을 미치는 요인을 평가하기 위해 직무스트레스를 중심으로 상관성을 분석하고자 하였다 방법 경기지역 9개 이주노동자 센터에 방문한 이주노동자 488명을 대상으로 12개국 언어로 번역된 구조화된 설문지를 사용하였다 조사항목은 사회 인구학적 및 작업관련 요인 건강행태 과거력 직무스트레스 우울 증상이었으며 직무스트레스는 8개 하부항목이 포함된 한국형 직무스트레스 측정도구K0SS-26을 사용하였다 우울 증상은 조맹제 등이 번역한 CES-D 번역판을 사용하였다 단변량 분석결과 유의한 관련 요인과 직무스트레스를 독립변수로 하여 우울 증상자 유무에 대한 다중 로지스틱희귀분석을 시행하여 관련 위험요인들의 상관성을 평가하였다 결과 연구대상 전체의 우울 증상율은 25.2%였지만 비중국 국적 및 불법 체류자는 각각 32.1%, 32.8%에 달하는 결과를 보였다 관련 혼란변수를 보정한 상태에서 직무스트레스 요인(OR 2.55 95% CI=1.30-4.99)이 우울 증상과 유의한 상관성을 나타내었으며 직무스트레스 하위영역 중 물리환경(OR 2.97 95% CI=1.59-5.53) 직무요구(OR 2.33 95% CI=1.26-4.32) 및 직장문화(OR 3.10 CI=1.49-6.48)가 우울 증상자 발생과 유의한 상관성을 나타냈다 결론 연구대상의 우울 증상율은 국내 일반인구집단과는 비슷한 수준이나 국내 근로자 집단에 비해서는 높았으며 특히 내부집단별로 비 중국국적 및 불법 체류자의 우울 증상율이 높았다 하지만 국적구분과 체류자격의 사회인구학적요인보다 직무스트레스요인이 이주노동자들의 우울증상과 보다 직접적인 상관이 있는 것으로 판단되어 이주노동자들의 우울 증상 발생을 예방하기 위해서는 효과적인 직무스트레스 중재방안이 조치되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. Objectives To investigate the mental health status of migrant workers We focused on the relationship between depressive symptoms and job stress Metheod A questionnaire was administered to 488 migrant workers who visited NGO migrant worker centers located in Kyung-gi province A structured self-reported questionnaire was used to assess each responder's sociodemographics work related characteristics health behaviors past medical history job stress and depression symptoms The job stress questionnaire was used according to K0SS-26 and depression symptoms were measured using CES-D which was translated into Korean We used multiple logistic regression analysis to assess the relationship between risk factors included job stress and depression symptoms Results The prevalence of depression symptoms in survey subjects was 25.2%, but the prevalence of non Chinese nationalities and illegal workers were 32.1% and 32.8% respectively Adjusting for confounding factors job stress (OR 2.55, 95% CI=1.30-4.99) had a statistical meaningful relationship with depression symptoms Among job stress domains, physical environment (OR 2.97 95% CI=1.59-5.53) job demand (OR 2.33 95% CI=1.26 4.32) and occupational climate(0R 3.10 CI=1.49-6.48) were most likely to experience depression symptoms Conclusions The prevalence of depressive symptoms among the study subjects was similar to the prevalence among the general population in Korea but higher than that among the Korean workers In particular, the prevalence among non-Chinese and illegal workers was higher However, the job stress factor appeared to have a more direct correlation with depressive symptoms than the sociodemographic factors of nationality or residential status Hence in order to prevent depressive symptoms of the migrant workers we believe that intervention on job stress is necessary

손마사지가 허혈성 심질환 환자의 불안에 미치는 효과

현경선,이향련,공송심,윤경자,김현섭,김효남,최지원,김운정 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a hand massage program on anxiety, vital sign and pain in clients with ischemic heart disease. The design utilized for this stuffy was quail-experimental with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design The subjects were fifty-four patients, twenty-eight for the experimental and twenty-six for the control group, who were admitted with ischemic heart diease at a cardiac intensive care unfit in K medical center of K university. This study was carried out from May, 1999 to March, 2000. The level of anxiety and pain measured by Visual Analogue Scale, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were measured before and after hand massage, the state of Anxiety was measured by the Spielberger (1970) scale at admission and after hand massage for three days. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS PC program and analyzed using χ2-test and t-test. The result of this study are as follows : 1. The scores of VAS anxiety and State of anxiety of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group. 2. The degree of systolic blond pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group. 3. The score of VAS pain of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. The results suggested that hand massage can decrease VAS anxiety, State of anxiety, vital signs and VAS pain of patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at cardiac intensive care unit Therefore, It Is proposed that hand massage is an appropriate nursing intervention to relieve anxiety of the patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at a cardiac intensive care unit.

R. Cantillon, F. Quesnay 및 A. Smith의 이윤개념에 대한 비교 연구

황규선,정향교 釜山 大學校 經營 經濟 硏究所 1995 經營 經濟 硏究 Vol.14 No.1

본 논문에서는 스미스 이전 시대에 논의되었던 이윤의 개념, 그 중에서도 스미스의 이론 형성에 많은 영향을 미친 깡띠옹과 케네의 이론체계 내에서 이윤이 어떻게 이해되었는가를 분석할 것이다. 그리고 더 나아가 이들의 이윤개념이 어떠한 연관성을 가지고 스미스의 이윤개념으로 발전되어 가는가를 살펴볼 것이다. 이런 방법으로 논의를 전개함에 있어서 그 촛점은 물론 이들 세 사람의 이윤개념의 차이에 주어질 것이지만 이것은 단순히 각자의 이론체계에 있어서의 한 부분에 대한 연구에 그치는 것이 아니다. 왜냐하면 자본의 이윤을 어떻게 파악할 것인가 하는 것은 특히 정치경제학의 경우에 있어서는 전체이론의 성격을 규정하는 결정적인 잣대가 되기 때문이다.

鹽油中 呈味成分의 檢索

金香仙,金賢榮,朴吉子,劉炳淑,李揆媛,洪璟珠 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 1961 梨花藥學硏究 Vol.- No.2

도시와 농촌 어촌의 수유실태에 관한 조사

김선영,박기옥,박수향,양명선 효성여자대학교 가정대학 학도호국단 1987 家政大論集 Vol.6 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 도시와 농어촌간의 수유실태를 비교 분석하는데 있다. 1986년 7월부터 11월까지 도시(대구), 농촌(암곡), 어촌(구룡포)의 영유아 모성 80명을 대상으로 설문조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1) 대상아는 0∼30개월의 영유아로 남아가 51.3%, 여아가 48.8%였다. (2) 모성의 연령분포는 26∼30세가 도시 농어촌 평균 62.0%로 많았고, 초산연령은 21∼26세 사이가 많은 분포였다. (3) 교육수준 및 월수입은 도시가 월등히 높았으며 교육수준과 월수입이 높음에 따라 인공영양수유와 상관이 있었다. (4) 정상분만은 농어촌이 높은 비율이었고, 분만장소는 도시에서 병원분만이 농어촌에 비해 높았다. (5) 수유형태는 농어촌이 도시에 비해 모유수유의 비율이 높았다. (6) 수유형태의 권장도는 도시와 농어촌 모두 모유의 권장도가 높았으나 도시 모성의 모유권장도 76.0%에 비해 실천은 36.0%로서 도시모성의 모유수유의 실천이 뒤떨어졌다. The purpose of this research is to compare and analyze the actual conditions between urban areasand farming, fishing villages. We asked eighty mothers who were growing their babies and Infantliving in a city(Daegue), farming area(Am-gok) and fishing villages(Goo-ryong-po) and got the resu-lts as follows; 1. An object was babies and infants who were within 30 months old(O~3O months) and 51.3% of them was males and 48.8% of them was females. 2. There was much distribution of mothers who belonged between 26 and 30 years old and it occu-pied 62.O% in averaging city, farming and fishing villages. Their first childbirth was mainly from 21years old to 26 years old. 3. In the point of the level of education and monthly income, the rural area was much higher thanthose of farming and fishing areas and therefore the fact was related with the artificial nutrition fee-ding(cow-milk feeding). 4, The normal childbirth in faming and fishing arears was highter than that of urban area andthe mothers living in urban areas used much more hospitals as their childbirth places than thoseliving in farming and fishing areas. 5. In the milk feeding from, the proportion of mother's milk was higher in farming and fishingareas comparing with that of urban areas. 6. The recommendation form of milk feeding was higher than any others both in rural area andfarming, fishing areas but mothers living in cities practiced only 36.0% while .recommending 76.0%in mothers milk and therefore the actual performance of mother's milk feeding, living in urban areaswas lower than in farming and fishing areas.