Medicinal Chemistry : EVALUATION OF CADMIUM-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY USING URINARY METABOLOMIC PROFILES IN SPRAGUE-DAWLEY MALE RATS

( Yu Kyung Lee ),( Eun Young Park ),( Shi Won Kim ),( Ji Yeon Son ),( Tae Hyung Kim ),( Won Gu Kang ),( Tae Chun Jeong ),( Kyu Bong Kim ),( Seung Jun Kwack ),( Jae Won Lee ),( Suh Mann Kim ),( Byung M 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-

The aim of this study was to investigate urinary metabolomics profiles associated with cadmium (Cd)-induced nephrotoxicity and their potential mechanisms. Metabolomic profiles were measured by high-resolution 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in the urine of rats after oral exposure to CdCl2 (1, 5, or 25 mg/kg) for 6 wk. The spectral data were further analyzed by a multivariate analysis to identify specific urinary metabolites. Urinary excretion levels of protein biomarkers were also measured and CdCl2 accumulated dose-dependently in the kidney. High-dose (25 mg/kg) CdCl2 exposure significantly increased serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN), but serum creatinine (sCr) levels were unchanged. High-dose CdCl2 (25 mg/kg) exposure also significantly elevated protein-based urinary biomarkers including osteopontin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), kidney injury molecules-1 (Kim-1), and selenium-bingding protein 1 (SBP1) in rat urine. Under these conditions, six urinary metabolites (citarate, serine, 3-hydroxyisovalerate, 4-hydroxyphentllactate, dimethylamine, and betaine) were involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism. In addition, a few number of amino acids such as glycine, glutamate, tyrosine, proline, or phentlalanine and carbohydrate (glucose) were altered in urine afrer CdCl2 exposure. In particular, the metabolites involved in the glutathione biosynthesis pathway, including cysteine, serine, methionine, and glutamate, were markedly decreased compared to the control. Thus, these metabolites are potential biomarkers for detection of Cd-induced nephrotoxicity. Our results further indicate that redox metabolomics pathways may be associated with Cd-mediated chronic kidney injury. These findings provide a biochemical pathway for better understanding of cellulat mechanism underlying Cd-induced renal injury in hunmans.

韓國人의 各 臟器組織中 靑酸鹽의 微量分布에 關한 硏究(Ⅱ)

張成吉,金恩浩,金英雲,李鎭勳,柳在薰,權五星,金明德,吳世珍,金由那 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 2001 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.33 No.-

대학생의 식행동과 식사의 질에 대한 연구

김은미,이보경,장유경 漢陽大學校 韓國生活科學硏究所 1999 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.- No.17

This study was performed to assess the diet-related behavior and food quality of 164 college students. Survey questionnaires including 24-hr dietary recall, diet-related behavior and anthropometric measurements were applied as the instruments. The results obtained were as follows. Body fat of female college students was higher than that of male college students and body fat of family history group was higher than that of non-family history group. By the value of BMI(body mass index), 62.5% of female college students were underweight and 52.6% of male college students were normal weight. WHR(Waist/ Hip ratio) of male and female college students was 0.79±0.01 and 0.71±0.01, respectively. Dietary behavior score was not significantly different between male and female college students, and between family history group and non-family history group. But family history group was concerned dietary behavior. The overall diet quality was assessed by RDA(Recommendation dietary allowance) for Korea, MAR(Mean adequacy ratio) and INQ(Index of nutritional quality). Intakes of P, vitamin B1, vitamin C, in students were more than RDA and intakes of energy, Ca, vitamin B2, niacin in students were below RDA. NAR was less than RDA and Ca was one of the seriously deficient nutrients in students. MRA was significantly different between male(0.80) and female college students(0.74), and the overall diet quality was low, especially among female college students. INQs of vitamin B2, niacin intake were low in male college students and INQs of Fe, vitamin A were low in female college students. There were positive correlation between the number of meals per day, nutrient intake and MAR. Therefore, nutrition education for college students is necessary, and new menus of campus cafeteria should be developed to meet the various needs of students.

백반증 병변에 국한되어 발생한 건선 1예

김윤전,강희영,이은소,김유찬 대한피부과학회 2006 대한피부과학회지 Vol.44 No.4

명암도 작용 길이에 따른 연삭 숫돌면의 이상 현상 분류

유은이,김광래 한국공작기계학회 2004 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.13 No.3

The grinding process plays a key role which decides the quality of a product finally. But the grinding process is very irregular, so it is very difficult to analyse the process accurately. Therefore it is very important in the aspect of precision and automation to reduce the idle time and to decide the proper dressing time by matching. In this study, we choose the method which can be observed directly by using of computer vision and then apply pattern classification technique to the method of measuring the wheel surface. Pattern classification technique is proper to analyse complicated surface image. We observe the change of the wheel surface by using of the gray level run length which are representative in this technique.

교내 수도꼭지형 냉온수기의 생수 배출 부위와 생수에 존재하는 미생물의 분포

박창은,김설아,임미소,이다은,박유진 남서울대학교 2010 남서울대학교 논문집 Vol.16 No.1-1

The distributed species and number of viable microorganisms in drinking water were monitored according to water dispenser maintenance. our purpose was to investigate the distribution of bacteria in drinking water dispenser. To analyze possible dispenser contaminations sampling were performed from 14 locations in Namseoul University for 3 months from March to May, 2010. The isolated bacteria were identified by Gram stain and biochemical test using VITEKⅡ systems. The microorganism concentrations around the water discharge areas were measured and the average of total microorganisms was determined. The number of bacteria were measured by McFarland turbidity. The water and water discharge areas were separated and identified. The isolation rates of Gram positive cocci and Gram negative bacilli were 56.5%, 17.4% respectively. The frequently isolated bacteria were Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterbacter sakazakii, Alcaligenes faecalis, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus hominis, respectively. Further systematic studies are necessary with an emphasis on species identification. Key Words : Microorganisms, Water Discharge Areas, Drinking Water, McFarland

Cr(Ⅲ)과 Ρ-Dimethylaminoazobenzene과의 착물형성에 관한 연구

김은수,유수창,이국행 群山大學校基礎科學硏究所 1996 基礎科學硏究 Vol.11 No.-

아세토니트릴, 메탄올 그리고 아세토니트릴-메탄올 혼합용매에서 Cr(Ⅲ)과 p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene(DMAB)을 반응시켜 착물을 얻었다. 15-35℃의 온도범위에 걸쳐 UV-Vis 분광기를 이용하여 다양한 열역학적 성질들을 얻었다. 분광학적 결과들은 반응성과 반응속도가 △H와 △S에 의해 조절된다는 것을 보여주었다. 이온종들의 거동은 전기전도도법으로 연구하였으며, 착물 대 리간드의 비는 1:1과 1:2를 이루는 것으로 나타났다. 착물의 구조는 특징적인 라만밴드들의 변화를 관찰함으로써 예상하였다. The complex of Cr(Ⅲ) with p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene(DMAB) was studied in acetonitrile, methanol and acetonitrile-methanol mixture solvents. Various thermodynamic properties were obtained using UV-Vis spectroscopy at temperature range 15-35℃. The spectroscopic results showed that the reactivity and the reaction rate were controlled by △H, △S. The behavior of the ionic species was studied by a conductometric method, and the ratio of the metal to ligand was found to be 1:1 and 1:2. The structure of the complex was predicted observing the changes in characterisitic Raman bands.

아동의 도덕적 판단력과 부모의 사회경제적 지위, 아동의 지능과의 관계연구

김현경(B),류수진,박여희,심경은,오승혜,이지현,허점순 연세대학교 생활과학대학 1992 婦學 Vol.25 No.-

지식기반사회의 학교 교육과정 개발을 위한 7차 초등 국어 교과서 분석

김경자,유솔아,유은경 이화여자대학교 교육과학연구소 2001 교육과학연구 Vol.32 No.1

이 연구는 지식기반 사회에서의 학교 교육과정 개발을 위한 선행 연구로서, 국가 수준에서 개발된 7차 초등 국어와 교육과정이 초등 국어 교과서로 '어떻게', '얼마나' 잘 녹아들어 있는가를 분석하는 데 목적이 있다.특히, 학습자 중심 교수-학습의 일환으로, 현 7차 교육과정이 새롭게 시도한 수준별교육과정이 실제 초등 교과서에 어떻게 구현되고 있는가를 살펴보았다.이를 위해 먼저, 국가 고시 교육과정 문서의 교육 목표, 교육 내용, 교육 방법, 교육 평가 부분을 살펴보고, 이에 근거하여 교과서에의 반영 정도를 분석하였다.교과서 분석은 크게 '구성과 제시형식 분석'과 '내용 분석'으로 나뉘고, 내용 분석은 다시 목표, 내용, 방법, 평가로 나뉘어 전개되었다.분석결과, 교육과정 문서상의 목표와 내용은 교과서로 번역되는 과정에서 단편적이고 분절된 활동이나 사례들로 제시되고 있어, 교육과정과 교과서간의 연계성에 더 주의를 기울일 필요가 있음이 드러났다.방법적인 측면에 있어서도 교육과정 문서가 표방한 '자기주도적 학습'에 부합되지 않는 방식으로 교과서가 전개되는 경향이있고, 평가 부분에 대한 반영도 미흡한 것으로 나타났다.또한 7차 교육과정이 의도한 심화ㆍ보충형 수준별 교육과정은 외견상으로 교과서에 반영된 듯 보이나 실질적으로는 개인차를 반영한 것이라고 평가하기 어려운 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to analyze the Koream Language Arts Textbooks for the 3rd graders developed in accordance with the 7th national curriculum.The analysis was proceeded focused on the following.(1) whether the consistency between the textbooks and the national curriculum exits in terms of goals and objectives, content, learning activities, and evaluation; (2) whether the textbooks are relevantly reflected the idea of the differentiated curriculum newly adopted in the 7th national amended curriculum. The major findings were as follows.(1) The textbooks for speaking/listening, reading, and writing were separately developed.Considering the goals and objectives of the Korean Language Arts curriculum such as creative ability, the relevance of separating the textbooks need to be discussed in the future amendation for the national curriculum.(2) The idea of the differentiated curriculum was reflected on the organization of the textbooks in a superficial way.The idea was reflected in ways of piecing the contents into pieces and have the students repeat the same pieces.

Algorithm for Predicting Functionally Equivalent Proteins from BLAST and HMMER Searches

( Yu Dong Su ),( Dae Hee Lee ),( Seong Keun Kim ),( Choong Hoon Lee ),( Ju Yeon Song ),( Eun Bae Kong ),( Jihyun F Kim1 ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2012 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.22 No.8

In order to predict biologically significant attributes such as function from protein sequences, searching against large databases for homologous proteins is a common practice. In particular, BLAST and HMMER are widely used in a variety of biological fields. However, sequencehomologous proteins determined by BLAST and proteins having the same domains predicted by HMMER are not always functionally equivalent, even though their sequences are aligning with high similarity. Thus, accurate assignment of functionally equivalent proteins from aligned sequences remains a challenge in bioinformatics. We have developed the FEP-BH algorithm to predict functionally equivalent proteins from protein-protein pairs identified by BLAST and from protein-domain pairs predicted by HMMER. When examined against domain classes of the Pfam-A seed database, FEP-BH showed 71.53% accuracy, whereas BLAST and HMMER were 57.72% and 36.62%, respectively. We expect that the FEP-BH algorithm will be effective in predicting functionally equivalent proteins from BLAST and HMMER outputs and will also suit biologists who want to search out functionally equivalent proteins from among sequence-homologous proteins.