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공은배(Eun Bae Kong) 한국정보과학회 2020 정보과학회논문지 Vol.47 No.7
조합경매는 상품들의 조합에 입찰을 할 수 있게 한다. 상품간에 상호 보완성이 있는 경우 상품들의 가치를 정확하게 표현할 수 있게 하여 거래와 시장의 효율을 높일 수 있는 중요한 기술이다. 조합경매의 승자 결정 문제(WDP)는 NP-완전 문제로 해결하기 매우 어렵지만 현실적으로 많은 분야에 응용될 수 있는 매우 중요한 문제이다. 본 논문에서는 WDP를 배낭 문제를 이용하여 마코프 체인 몬테 칼로 방식을 적용하여 해를 구하는 방안을 제시하였다. 정수계획법과의 비교 실험을 통해 해의 성능이 정수계획법에 의한 해에 필적하는 것을 확인하였다. In combinatorial auctions, bidders can make bids on a set of items. When the items show complementarities in values, combinatorial auctions make it possible to express the values more accurately and enhance the market’s efficiency. The winner determination problem is an NP-complete problem. To address this difficult and important problem, we can attempt to solve the special subproblem that can be solved efficiently or develop approximate solutions. In this paper, we reformulated the WDP into a knapsack problem. By using Markov chain Monte Carlo method, we achieved a desired stationary solution with a large objective function. The solution is comparable to that of integer programming.
Kim, Ji Eun,Lee, Eun Kyung,Lee, Jae Min,Bae, Soon Hwan,Choi, Kwang Hae,Lee, Young Hwan,Hah, Jeong Ok,Choi, Joon Hyuk,Kong, Eun Jung,Cho, Ihn Ho The Korean Pediatric Society 2014 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.57 No.5
Purpose: Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD) is a benign disease, which is characterized by a cervical lymphadenopathy with fever, and it often mimics malignant lymphoma (ML). 2-[$^{18}F$]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ($^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT) is a powerful imaging modality for the diagnosis, staging and monitoring of ML, with the limitations including the nonspecific FDG uptake in infectious or inflammatory processes. This study compared clinical manifestations and PET/CT findings between KFD and ML patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 23 patients with KFD and 33 patients with ML, diagnosed histopathologically, between January 2000 and May 2013 at the Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University Medical Center. Among them, we analyzed the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings and characteristics, and the amount of $^{18}F$-FDG uptake between 8 KFD and 9 ML patients who had $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT. Results: The $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT maximum standardized uptake values ($SUV_{max}$) ranged from 8.3 to 22.5 (mean, 12.0) in KFDs, and from 5.8 to 34.3 (mean, 15.9) in MLs. There were no significant differences in $SUV_{max}$ between KFDs and MLs. $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT with ML patients showed hot uptakes in the extranodal organs, such as bone marrow, small bowel, thymus, kidney, orbit and pleura. However, none of the KFD cases showed extranodal uptake (P<0.001). $^{18}F$-FDG PET/CT findings of KFD with nodal involvement only were indistinguishable from those of ML. Conclusion: Patients who had extranodal involvement on PET/CT were more likely to have malignancy than KFD.
Bae, Sung Hae,Ryu, Hoon,Rhee, Ki-Jong,Oh, Ji-Eun,Baik, Soon Koo,Shim, Kwang Yong,Kong, Jee Hyun,Hyun, Shin Young,Pack, Hyun Sung,Im, Changjo,Shin, Ha Cheol,Kim, Yong Man,Kim, Hyun Soo,Eom, Young Woo,L Informa UK Ltd. 2015 Growth factors Vol.33 No.2
<P>L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate (Asc-2P) acts as an antioxidant and a stimulator of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) production. Previously, we reported that depletion of growth factors such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2, epidermal growth factor (EGF), FGF-4 and HGF during serial passage could induce autophagy, senescence and down-regulation of stemness (proliferation via FGF-2/-4 and differentiation via HGF). In this study, we investigated the proliferation and differentiation potential of BMSCs by FGF-2 and Asc-2P. Co-treatment with FGF-2 and Asc-2P induced optimal proliferation of BMSCs and increased the accumulation rate of BMSC numbers during a 2-month culture period. Moreover, differentiation potential was maintained by co-treatment with FGF-2 and Asc-2P via HGF expression. Adipogenic differentiation potential by FGF-2 and Asc-2P was dramatically suppressed by c-Met inhibitors (SU11274). These data suggest that co-treatment with FGF-2 and Asc-2P would be beneficial in obtaining BMSCs that possess 'stemness'' during long-term culture.</P>
Identification of CM1 as a Pathogenic Factor in Inflammatory Diseases and Cancer
Bae, Se-Yeon,Kim, Hyem-In,Yu, Yeon-Sil,Lee, Na-Eun,Kong, Joo-Myoung,Kim, Hang-Rae,Hwang, Young-Il,Song, Yeong-Wook,Kang, Jae-Seung,Lee, Wang-Jae The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2011 Immune Network Vol.11 No.3
Background: CM1 (centrocyte/-blast marker 1) was defined by a mAb against concavabalin-A (ConA) activated PBMC. It is expressed in germinal center of human tonsil and on the surface of activated PBMC as well as cancer cells. Recently, increased productions of pro-inflammatory mediators were detected from activated PBMC by CM1 ligation. Methods: However, there is a limitation to explain the exact role of CM1 on inflammation and its related mechanisms, since the identity of CM1 is still not clarified. In our previous study, we have already confirmed that soluble form of CM1 was produced by Raji. Therefore, we performed Q-TOF analysis after immunoprecipitation of concentrated Raji culture supernatant using anti-CM1 mAbs. Results: As a result, we found that CM1 is identical to enolase-1(ENO1), a glycolytic enzyme, and we confirmed that results by silencing ENO1 using siRNA. It was also confirmed through competition assay between anti-CM1 and anti-ENO1 mAbs. Finally, we investigated the possible role of CM1 in inflammatory response and cancer. The ligation of CM1 on Raji cells with anti-CM1 mAbs induces the extensive production of prostaglandin $E_2(PGE_2)$. In addition, the increased activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2/9 was shown in NCI-N87, stomach cancer cell line by CM1 stimulation. Conclusion: CM1 is identical to ENO1 and it might be an important role in the regulation of inflammatory responses.
제약산업의 시장점유율 결정에 관한 Panel Study
사공진 ( Kong Jin Sa ),배은영 ( Eun Young Bae ),김록영 ( Log Young Kim ) 한국보건경제정책학회(구 한국보건경제학회) 2007 보건경제와 정책연구 Vol.13 No.2
본 논문에서 의약분업 이후 의약품 시장점유율을 결정하는 변수들에 대해 연구해 보고 아울러 한미 FTA 타결이 우리나라 의약품 시장에 어떠한 영향을 가져 올 것인지 고찰해 보았다. 이를 위해 2001년부터 2005년까지의 Panel Data를 사용하여 의약품 시장점유율에 영향을 미치는 결정변수에 대해 Panel Study의 계량경제적 모델을 사용하여 추정하였다. 추정 결과 의약분업 이후 제네릭약보다는 오리지널약일수록, 또 선발 신약과 제네릭약의 시장에 진입하는 시기의 차이가 커질수록 오리지널 신약의 시장점유율이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 진입시차나 진입순위보다 제네릭과 오리지널약을 구분하는 변수가 오리지널약의 시장점유율에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났는데 이는 의약분업 이후 오리지널약의 사용을 늘리는 병·의원의 처방행태의 변화가 시장 점유율에 큰 영향을 주었다는 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 이와 함께 선발제품 독점기간, 다국적 기업 여부, 경쟁제품 수, 제품이 시장에 진입한 이후의 기간, 기업의 생산실적, 경쟁기업의 생산실적, 오리지널 약가 대비 가격비 등의 변수들이 유의하게 나타났다. This paper studies the determinants of the market share in the pharmaceutical industry in Korea after the policy of the separation of prescribing and dispensing the drugs executed in 2000. We are also interested in the effects of Korea-US FTA on the pharmaceutical industry in Korea. For this purpose, We estimate the determinants of the market share by the method of the panel study using the panel data of the year 2001 to 2005. We found that the market share in the pharmaceutical industry increases if it is original drug or the difference of the market-entering time between the original drug and the generic is larger.