민족정체성 유지행동과 학교소속감이 심리적 웰빙과 직무만족에 미치는 영향: 중국인 아르바이트생의 경우

소미,이금희,김권수 아시아.유럽미래학회 2020 유라시아연구 Vol.17 No.3

With the gradual impact of globalization, the number of the foreign students in Korea is increasing. Chinese students have always been the first in the number among the foreign students in Korea. Most Chinese students do arbeit while studying in Korea. However, there is a lack of research on student workers in Korea and expecially on how the support of universities, which is a major sponsoring organ- ization of foreign students, affects their psychological well-being (Cho et al., 2015). Moreover, studies on the psychological well-being and job satisfaction of student workers are also insufficient. Thus, this study aims to investigate the relationship among ethnic identity behavior (home country media use), school belonging, psychologic wellbeing and job satisfaction among Chinese student workers in Korea. Based on the regression analysis for 158 Chinese student workers, we got the following results. First, Chinese student workers’ ethnic identity behavior (home country media use) and school belonging sig- nificantly influenced their psychologic wellbeing. Second, ethnic identity behavior was found to moderate the relationship between school belonging and psychological wellbeing. More specifically, the influence of school belonging on psychological wellbeing was higher among those who used home country media less than those who used the media more. This finding was contradict to our hypothesis. This is because the effect of ethnic identity behavior on psychological well-being is much smaller than that of school belonging (β=.513, P<.001) among Chinese students although ethnic identity behavior has a positive effect on psychological well-being (β=.254, P<.001), Thus, it is more advantageous to reduce ethnic identity behavior for psychological well-being in terms of the interaction between school belonging and ethnic identity behavior. These results can be attributed to a special intercultural setting. In other words, in- tegration strategy that embraces both home and host culture is more desirable for psychological well-being than segregation strategy which insists only home culture (Berry, 1980). Finally, psychological wellbeing was found to mediate the relationship between school belonging and job satisfaction as well as between ethnic identity behavior (home country media use) and job satisfaction. This means that in order to increase the job satisfaction of foreign student workers, it is necessary to maintain psychological well-be- ing by promoting the sense of school belonging and ethnic identity behavior. Theoretical and managerial implications for organizational and school practices are discussed at the end. Specifically, in order to improve the psychological well-being of international student workers, it is necessary to support con- venient use of smart phones or computers for better use of the media in their home countries. Moreover, language training, cross-cultural training, international festivals and Buddy programs (mentoring pro- grams in which Korean students help foreign students) are necessary to increase the sense of school belonging among international students. In addition, companies that employ foreign student workers could increase their job satisfaction by promoting their psychological well-being through psychological counsel- ing or mentoring programs.

중국인 아르바이트생의 문화지능이 문화적응과 직무적응에 미치는 영향

예박남,이금희,조창권 아시아.유럽미래학회 2020 유라시아연구 Vol.17 No.2

The global economy and the changing political trend urgently calls for understanding and training for multi-culturalism. In practice, cross-cultural training has focused on developing one’s ability to live and work in a new culture, but cross-cultural training for international students usually focused on general life and school life adaptation. Previous studies have predominantly addressed the predictors of accultur- ation such as cultural intelligence for expatriates and foreign workers. However, studies on cultural in- telligence for foreign student workers are very rare. With the gradual impact of globalization, the number of the foreign students in Korea has been increased dramatically. Chinese students have always been the first in the number among the foreign students in Korea. Most Chinese students do arbeit while studying in Korea. However, there is a lack of studies on work adjustment or job satisfaction of “student-workers”. This study aims to investigate the relationship among cultural intelligence, cultural adjustment and work adjustment for “student-workers.” In addition, language skills which is a crucial and the most important factor for acculturation was investigated as a moderator between cultural intelligence and cultural/work adjustment. Moreover, duration of stay which is a important predictor of acculturation was also investigated as a moderator between these variables. Based on the result of regression analysis for 219 Chinese student workers, we got the following results. First, Chinese student workers’ cognitive CQ, motivational CQ, and behavioral CQ all significantly influ- enced their cultural adjustment. Second, Chinese student workers’ behavioral CQ significantly influenced their work adjustment. Third, cultural adjustment was found to mediate the relationship between behav- ioral CQ and work adjustment Fourth, duration of stay was found to moderate the relationship between meta-cognitive CQ and work adjustment. Finally, Korean language skills was found to moderate the relationship between meta-cognitive CQ and work adjustment as well as between motivational CQ and cultural adjustment. Theoretical and practical implications were indicated at the last part.

연구논문 : 경남 일부 지역 직장인과 대학생의 아침식사 식습관에 대한 연구

김정진 ( Jung Jin Kim ),정효숙 ( Hyo Sook Cheong ) 한국식품조리과학회(구.한국조리과학회) 2010 한국식품조리과학회지 Vol.26 No.6

This study was conducted to investigate and compare the breakfast habits of workers (189 males and 182 females) and college students (217 males and 225 females) living in Gyeongnam (Masan, Jinhae, Changwon) based upon gender in each group. Most college students were in their twenties and not married while workers were in their twenties, thirties, and forties. Age distribution was even and 58.0% of them were married. Exactly 77% of the subjects were middle class, and 35.1% answered that their monthly allowances were less than 200,000 won. Exactly 36.5% of the subjects had breakfast regularly, and workers had breakfast more regularly than college students (p<.05). Subjects chose lack of time as their biggest reason for skipping breakfast (41.7%), and workers better understood that having breakfast is important (p<.001). Exactly 62.7% of the subjects displayed symptoms of skipping breakfast, with college students more frequently susceptible than workers (p<.00l). Subjects` most frequent symptom was decreased concentration (40.6%). Exactly 67.0% of the subjects ate bap, guk, and mitbanchan as breakfast; the ratio was higher for college students` compared to workers and female students compared to male students. When preparing breakfast, 35.3% of the subjects considered digestible food first. Exactly 54.7% of the subjects preferred bap for breakfast, and college students preferred it more than the workers. Subjects ate kimbap the most when eating breakfast outside of the home; 62.1% of them emphasized convenience and 36.7% answered 2,100-3,000 won is proper price.

1980년대 여성 노동자들의 ‘혁명적’ 노동운동 경험과 인식

장미현 ( Jang Mi Hyun ) 역사문제연구소 2018 역사문제연구 Vol.22 No.1

In the 1980s, female workers joined the female Hakchul(students-turned-laborers) workers in a “revolutionary” labor movement. In the process, female workers also suffered from the pain of being wanted, arrested, and watched. On the other hand, after participating in the “ revolutionary” labor movement, female workers realized that they had different economic conditions from Hakchul(students-turned-laborers) workers. In addition, female workers thought Hakchul workers, regardless of gender, seemed to value the labor movement more than the labor itself. In the 1980s, the “revolutionary” labor movement made a heated argument about the way the movement was conducted. In her eyes, this controversial labor movement was irresponsible. Marriage and childbirth have caused different pain and guilt in female workers. As they continued to work, female workers were responsible for the livelihood of their in-laws. However, her husband and mother-in-law expressed opposition to her participation in the labor movement. Male labor activists did not take part in household chores or childcare because they continued to work. Only female workers, however, felt guilty for having neglected to properly carry out child care. The guilt they experienced in the “revolutionary” labor movement linked it to the socialization of Care Work (the establishment of daycare centers). Since then, they have pushed for a drive to “foster the female character” within the labor movement. Female workers have spread women's labor movement to community activities, environmental movement, food movement and education movement. In the 1990s, Korea's “revolutionary” labor movement was followed by female workers in a changed form that changed their daily lives.

대졸 신입사원에게 필요한 직업인성에 대한 재직근로자의 인식 탐구

양명주 한국취업진로학회 2019 취업진로연구 Vol.9 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the employed workers’ cognition about occupational personality factors required for newly graduated university workers, to identify dimensions, clusters and conceptual structure which the study participants use to perceive the factors, also relative importance and experience frequency of the factor each by using concept mapping method. Data were collected by interviewing 22 employed workers who have had experience in employment process and mentoring for newly graduated university workers, and 86 final statements were identified by gathering and editing the data. The participants rated the similarity, relative importance and experience frequency between the 86 statements for themselves, multidimensional scaling(ALSCAL) and hierarchical cluster analysis were used in order to identify dimensions and clusters of the factors, and to form the concept map in this study. The results of this study were summarized as follows. First, the 2 dimensions, ‘job performance ability-basic occupational ability’ and ‘attitude to colleagues-attitude to task’ are found, when employed workers perceive the occupational personality factors of this study. Second, total 11 clusters and 15 sub-clusters of occupational personality required for newly graduated university workers and perceived by employed workers were showed, which are ‘sense of responsibility(sincerity, compliance with the law, self-improvement ability)’,‘enthusiasm(initiative, spontaneity, organization understanding ability)',‘communication ability', ‘self-regulation ability’, ‘interpersonal relationship ability’, ‘consideration’, ‘self-awareness ability’, ‘contextual ability to think', ‘honesty’, ‘reliability’, ‘cooperative working ability’. Third, the concept map have characters which 11 clusters are evenly distributed to 4 regions of the map with a big round shape entirely and clusters are small and densed with sentences. Fourth, the employed workers selected the ‘compliance with the law’ sub-cluster as a most important factor as well as the most frequently experienced cluster. Fifth, ‘communication ability' selected as the occupational personality factor shows the biggest gap between relative importance and experience frequency, which means the gap between expected and reality level. On the other hand, it has been revealed that 'compliance with the law' shows the smallest gap between expected level and reality on occupational personality. This study is significant in that it showed the clear definition and construct of occupational personality which has been used with a vague meaning in a employment and job adjustment viewpoint, by investigating the employed workers’ cognition about occupational personality ,who have had experience in employment process and mentoring for newly graduated university workers. The result of the study could provide a guideline for occupational personality education to a expert and a related field worker to help university students move to labor market successfully. Additionally, this study would be used to make a occupational personality inventory for university students and intervention during career counseling with it would be more efficient than before, which make possible individual assessment and intervention to contribute beneficience to a client. 본 연구의 목적은 개념도 연구를 통해 대졸 신입사원에게 필요한 직업인성에 대한 재직근로자 인식의 차원, 군집, 개념구조와 각 요인들 간 중요도와 경험일치도를 탐색하는 것이다. 먼저, 대졸 신입사원 채용과 멘토링 경험이 있는 재직근로자 22명을 대상으로 인터뷰를 통해 아이디어를 수집한 다음 종합·편집 과정을 거쳐 86개 최종진술문을 제작하였다. 이를 대상으로 유사도, 중요도, 경험일치도 평정을 실시하였고 도출된 결과를 활용하여 다차원척도법(ALSCAL법)과 위계적 군집분석을 실시하여 최종 개념도를 제작하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 대졸 신입사원에게 필요한 직업인성에 대한 재직근로자의 인식의 차원은 ‘직무수행능력-기초직업능력’과 ‘동료에 대한 태도-업무에 대한 태도’의 2차원임을 확인하였다. 둘째, 재직근로자가 인식하는 대졸 신입사원에게 필요한 직업인성의 군집은 ‘책임감(성실성, 법규준수성, 자기계발능력)’, ‘열정(적극성, 자발성, 조직이해능력)’, ‘의사소통능력’, ‘자기조절력’, ‘대인관계력’, ‘배려’, ‘자기이해능력’, ‘맥락적 사고력’, ‘정직성’, ‘신뢰성’, ‘협업능력’의 11개, 하위군집은 15개로 나타났다. 셋째, 본 연구의 개념도는 11개 군집이 사분면 외곽 부분 상에 원형으로 골고루 분포하며 진술문이 밀집되어 작은 군집을 이루고 있는 특성을 보였다. 넷째, 재직근로자들은 ‘법규준수성’을 가장 중요하면서도 대졸 신입사원들에게 경험 빈도가 가장 높은 직업인성으로 인식하고 있었다. 다섯째, 재직근로자의 기대수준과 현실 경험 빈도의 차이가 가장 많은 직업인성은 ‘의사소통능력’ 으로 인식되고 있음이 확인되었고, ‘법규준수성’의 차이가 가장 적은 것으로 보고하였다. 본 연구는 재직근로자를 대상으로 대졸 신입사원에게 필요한 직업인성의 인식을 확인함으로써 채용 및 직업적응 관점에서 그동안 모호하게 사용되던 직업인성의 의미와 그 구인을 명확히 하였다는 점에서 의의가 있다. 본 연구 결과는 대학생의 노동시장 이행을 조력하는 전문가 및 대학관계자에게 직업인성 교육을 위한 명확한 가이드라인을 제공할 것이다. 또한, 본 연구 결과를 이용한 대졸자 직업인성 척도 제작은 진로‧취업상담 시 내담자별 개별진단 개별 처치를 가능하게 하여 내담자에 대한 복지제공 수준 제고에 크게 기여할 것이다.

Alternative Narratives of the 1980s South Korean Labor Movement: Worker Identities in the “Worker-Student Alliance”

( Kim Keongil ),( Nam Hwasook ) 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2012 Seoul journal of Korean studies Vol.25 No.2

The role industrial workers played in the democracy movement in South Korea in the 1980s has been viewed as one of limited importance in the mainstream literature of modern Korean history, which highlights the role played by students and intellectuals. This assessment is based on a particular understanding of the nature of the 1980s labor movement, an understanding that celebrates the “worker-student alliance” as the cornerstone of the successful marriage between the minju (democratic) labor movement and the larger democracy movement. This article complicates this dominant discourse of the minju democracy movement by examining workers’ experiences and memories using newly available oral history and life history materials that help reveal the interior world of workers. By looking into the tension-ridden relationship between the two partners in the worker-student alliance of the early 1980s, the article seeks to illuminate the diverse and complicated ways female workers forged their identities in the radical labor movement of the era. Focusing on workers’ views of the vision and strategies of the labor movement and their perceptions of the worker-intellectual relationship in the worker-student alliance, the article categorizes the participants of the 1980s minju labor movement in South Korea into three types: those who developed the vanguard intellectual identity, those who showed a workshop-centered worker identity, and those in between these two poles (the transitional identity). Four elements that informed and influenced identity formation process―gender, age/generation, religion, and education/ knowledge―are then explored. By revealing fragmented stories and the voices of workers, this article aims to illuminate what it meant to workers to become involved in the 1980s labor movement, and through it, become connected to the larger democracy movement.

외국인 노동자인가 유학생인가?

임석준(Suk-Jun Lim) 21세기정치학회 2010 21세기 정치학회보 Vol.20 No.3

This paper examines Chinese students’ work-study relationship in Korea. Most Chinese students at Korean universities have a dual status: they are students, enrolled in Korean universities, as well as foreign workers, engaged in low-paid jobs. Despite this duality, existing research tends to focus on their school adaptation while overlooking their worker status. This paper examines Chinese students as ‘student-workers.’ Through a survey and in-depth interviews of Chinese students in Busan, the paper attempts to address relationships between student variables (language proficiency and school adaptation) and worker variables (workplace abuse and discrimination). The research reveals that Chinese students tend to hold temporary jobs, at small businesses that employ fewer than ten workers. Chinese students' work experience appears positively correlated with proficiency in Korean. Also, many student-workers experience job place discrimination and language abuse from Korean co-workers or bosses.

예비사회복지사 만학도의 학습참여동기가 참여지속의도에 미치는 영향에 대한 자기효능감의 매개효과: 사회복지전공 재학생을 중심으로

서보준 학습자중심교과교육학회 2023 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.23 No.16

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine whether the self-efficacy has a mediating effect on the effect of the learning participation motivation of preliminary social workers as mature-age students on their participation continuance intention. Methods To this end, it administered questionnaires to 259 preliminary social workers as mature-age students enrolled in collages located at D- and J-si, K-do, and it tested the relation among variables, the mediating effect and the significance level from the data collected by using SPSS/PC(21.0) and Process macro. Results First, it was fond that the learning participation motivation of preliminary social workers as mature-age students has an effect on the self-efficacy and the participation continuance intention, and the self-efficacy also has a significant effect on the participation continuance intention. Second, it was found that the self-efficacy mediates the relationship between the learning participation motivation of preliminary social workers as mature-age students and their participation continuance intention. The findings suggest that the higher the learning participation motivation and the self-efficacy of preliminary social workers as mature-age students, the higher the participation continuance intention. Conclusions On the basis of the findings, this study suggests that academic advisers’ interest and communication are required to enhance the learning participation motivation and the self-efficacy of preliminary social workers as mature-age students, and the participation continuance intention for learning can be also improved based on the effort to develop education programs for mature-age students.

입학 특성이 다른 대학생들의 교양심리 강좌에서의 학업 성취도 및 강의 만족도에 대한 연구-직장인 대학생 중심으로

신맹식 한국교양교육학회 2014 교양교육연구 Vol.8 No.1

Nowadays, many admission officers in Korean universities or colleges are willing to recruit full-time college students who are simultaneously performing their full-time occupational duties, and educate them to keep up with current rapidly-changing global socio- and educational-environments. These students are basically different from regular full-time students in that they have already had plenty of professional pre-collegiate experience. These students are presumed to have differentiated characteristics from regular students in attitude, motivation, interest, ability of memory consolidation, etc. regarding academic learning, readiness and/or participation. However, most instructors teaching academic courses at college tend to utilize same or similar pedagogic strategies over both regular and occupational students. The present study was conducted to examine whether there exists difference in academic achievement(AA), class satisfaction(CS) and relation between these two over college students who differ in their admission conditions. The present ANOVA on total scores revealed significant differentiations in the scores among three student groups: Regular student group (RS), mixed student group consisting of regular students and students frequently engaged in their occupational training(MS) and full-time worker student group(FS). That is, the scores were significantly higher in the order of RS> MS> FS. In subsequent frequency analyses on students' course evaluation data, most students of the three groups evaluated the instructor's teaching performances positive in critical subunits of the CS: Lecture contribution, lecture communicability, lecture satisfaction, lecture material appropriacy. Consistent with the result of the AA, more students favored the instructor in the order of RS > MS > FS in each of these subunits. On the contrary, even though a few students generally evaluated the instructor negative, fewer students were observed in negative scale marks on the Likert’s Scale in the oder of RS < MS < FS on each subunit. Taken together, the CS co-varying with AA differed among the three student groups, depending on their admission conditions; in the order of FS < MS < RS. Notably, the observation that the FS is lowest in both the AA and the CS is thought to have presumably arisen from its least comprehension of the class due to several factors including lower motivation to learning or more negative attitude towards the instructor or the course, and insufficiency in memory consolidation presumably combined to relative lack of pre-collegiate academic readiness or time investment to the learning. The author therefore suggests that current undifferentiated pedagogic strategies over the three distinctive admission groups should be changed to differentiated ones that can reflect their different attitude, motivation, interest, etc. It is also suggested that faculty evaluators should provide incentives to instructors responsible for courses for the FS. 현사회의 주요 추세의 하나는 대학 교육 과정을 통하여 직무 경험이 있는 직업인을 전문 지식인으로 재교육시키는 것이다. 하지만 직장인 학생들은 학업과 동시에 자신의 직업적 사명을 수행해야 하기 때문에 학업에 여러 제한이 발생할 수 있다. 이 때문에, 일반 학생들을 대상으로 계획된 강의 진행방식을 이들에게도 동일하게 적용할 경우에는 수업에 대한 이해도와 만족도가 일반학생들만큼 보장될 것인가의 질문이 대두한다. 본연구에서는 심리학의 이해 강좌를 수강하는 학생들의 수업 이해도를 반영하는 하나의 지표인 학업 성취도의 차이가 입학 특성에 따라서 존재하는가를 살펴본 후에 강의 만족도에 어떤 영향을 미치는가를 알아보았다. 그 결과에서, 정규 입학한 학생반(정규반), 캠퍼스 통합에 의해 이전하였으며 전공 실습이 비교적 많은 학생들로 구성된 학생반(통합반), 그리고 직장인 특별 전형을 통하여 입학하였으며 지속적으로 직업적 수행을 해야 하는 학생반(직장인반)의 순서로 학생 집단 간의 학업 성취도가 유의미하게 낮아졌다. 후속적으로 학업 성취도에 따른 강의 만족도를 알아보기 위한 빈도 분석을 수행하였는데, 강의 기여도, 강의 전달력, 강의 만족도 그리고 강의 교재 및 자료의 적절성 등의 각 하위 척도에서 세 학생집단들의 대부분은 교수자를 긍정적으로 평가하였고 그 정도는 정규반, 통합반, 직장인반의 서열을 보였다. 반면에, 부정적인 평가에서는 그 정도가 낮기는 하지만 직장인반, 통합반, 정규반의 서열로서 이는 긍정적 평가 순서와는 정반대였다. 요컨대, 입학 특성이 다른 학생 집단에 따라, 즉 정규반, 통합반, 직장인반의 순서로 학업 성취도와 강의 만족도가 낮아졌다. 학습 동기 및 태도, 의미적 이해도, 학업에의 투자 시간 요인들과 관련하여, 직장인반이 본교양 강좌에서 학업 성취도 및 강의 만족도가 가장 낮은 이유가 추정되었다. 본논의에서는 효과적인 교수법의 일환으로서 수업 내외의 심도있는 피드백을 통한 수업 이해력을 도모하기 위하여 적절한 강좌규모의 예와 같은 전제 조건을 제안하고 있다.

외국인근로자와 유학생의 안전의식에 영향을 미치는 요인

박선아,이재영 대한안전경영과학회 2022 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.24 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze which factors affect safety awareness of foreign workers and international students. In the correlation analysis, individual characteristics related to the safety awareness of foreign workers were nationality, status of stay(visa types), place of work, educational background, and Korean proficiency while international students were relevant with only the types of residence. There were significant differences in the safety awareness of foreign workers in nationality, status of stay(visa types), region of residence, educational background, place of work, and Korean proficiency. However, there was a significant difference only in the types of residence for the international students. In the regression analysis of factors affecting safety awareness, there were significant differences in nationality, status of stay(visa types), place of work, and Korean proficiency in the case of foreign workers. It was analyzed that nationality and status of stay had a negative (-) effect, and the place of work and Korean proficiency had a positive (+) effect. In the case of international students, it was analyzed that only the types of residence had a negative (-) effect on safety awareness.