The Effect of Self-Efficacy of Those in Their 30s and 40s for Public Value on the Appearance Management Behaviors

Jungsoon Choi,Jiyoung Seo,Inseog Jo J-INSTITUTE 2022 Public Value Vol.7 No.1

Purpose: Women in their 30s and 40s are most active in terms of their professional life, and it may be said that the public value of social activities is quite large. Self-efficacy for the public value influences interpersonal rela-tionships in professional life and is also an important factor manifested through the appearance management behaviors. The purpose of this study is to examine and understand the effect of self-efficacy on the appearance management behaviors for the women in their 30s and 40s. Method: In this study, a total of 577 copies were used for the final statistical analysis data. For the question-naire’s questions for the development of the scale of this study, a survey method was used for the women in their 30s and 40s for an empirical study. Self-efficacy was used as three factors of physical self-efficacy, social self-efficacy, and task difficulty preference, and appearance management behavior was used as five factors of cosmet-ic management, skin care, weight management, hair care, and clothing management. Results: First, among the sub-factors of self-efficacy among the women in their 30s and 40s, and as for the physical self-efficacy and social self-efficacy, it turned out that there was a significant negative (-) correlation concerning skin care , hair care and clothing care among the appearance management behaviors. Among the sub-factors of self-efficacy, and as for the preference for the level of task related difficulty, it turned out that there is a significant positive (+) correlation concerning plastic management and weight management among the appearance management behaviors. Second, as for the effect of self-efficacy on weight control among the appearance management behaviors, so-cial self-efficacy and the preference for the level of task-related difficulty turned out to have statistically significant effects. Among the appearance management behaviors, and as for clothing management, it turned out that there was a statistically significant effect for physical self-efficacy, social self-efficacy and the preference for the level of task related difficulty. The rest of the factors did not turn out to be significant. Conclusion: As the women s social activities have increased, the public value socially speaking has increasingly grown, and it is considered that it is very important for women to take care of their appearance Therefore, it is expected that this study will examine women s self-efficacy and well understand women s interest, so that they can be well-activated in the marketing of the beauty market and the fashion market.

자기효능감과 성과의 관계에 대한 재연구

이동섭(Dongseop Lee)/김기태(Kitae Kim)/조봉순(Bongsoon Cho) 한국인사조직학회 2008 인사조직연구 Vol.16 No.4

본 연구는 과업성과의 예측변수로서의 자기효능감과 개인성격 변수들의 상대적 효과를 검증한다. 사회인지이론(social cognitive theory)은 성과를 비롯한 다양한 행위 변수를 설명하는 요인으로서 자기효능감의 중요성을 강조하였으며, 지난 30년간 많은 연구의 결과가 이를 지지하였다. 하지만 최근 Judge, Jackson, Shaw, Scott, & Rich(2007)는 메타분석결과에 의거한 경로분석을 통해, 개인성격 변수가 포함될 경우 자기효능감의 효과는 사라진다는 주장을 전개하였다. 본 논문은 Judge et al.의 연구에 내재된 방법론적인 한계를 감안할 때, 자기효능감의 과잉변수화 주장에 대해서는 보다 신중한 해석이 필요하다는 점을 지적하고, 그 대안으로 자기효능감과 Big 5 성격 변수를 동시에 포함하는 개별연구(primary study)를 통해 고유한 자기효능감 효과의 존재 유무를 살펴보았다. 156명의 대학생을 표본으로 하여 2회에 걸쳐 실시된 본 연구의 자료 분석결과에 의하면, Judge et al.(2007)에서와는 달리, 성격 변수의 효과는 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 반면, 자기효능감은 과업성과에 대해 일관적으로 유의한 예측력을 보였다. The purpose of the study is to empirically examine the relative impacts of Big 5 personality factors and self efficacy on task performance, controlling for mental ability and experience. Self-efficacy, the central variable of human regulatory mechanisms in social cognitive theory, has been proposed to be one of the most powerful cognitive determinants of human behavior(Bandura, 1986, 1997, 2006a; Locke & Latham, 1990). Research for over two decades has shown that self-efficacy has an impact on a variety of motivational and behavioral outcomes in clinical, athletic sport, educational, and various organizational settings (Holden, 1991; Holden, Moncher, Schinke, & Barker, 1990; Multon, Brown, & Lent, 1991; Stajkovic & Luthans, 1998). However, Judge, Jackson, Shaw, Scott, and Rich (2007) recently called the validity of these findings into question. They suggested that the unique contribution of self-efficacy in predicting performance may become negligible if individual traits, which have been largely neglected in social cognitive theory, are considered simultaneously. Using meta-analytic path analysis on the relationships among Big 5 personality traits, mental ability, experience, self-efficacy, and task performance, they reported a substantially reduced incremental predictive validity of self-efficacy when individual difference variables were controlled for. On the basis of this finding, they concluded that given the significant relationships of personality and intelligence to self-efficacy, task-specific self-efficacy may simply be a superfluous byproduct of a smart and generally confident person (Judge et al., 2007). We argue that the conclusion made by Judge et al.(2007) is premature and potentially erroneous. In testing the incremental predictive validity of self-efficacy on performance with individual difference variables controlled for, Judge et al. combined psychometric meta-analysis and path analysis, a procedure we found has critical limitations. First, the biggest problem in the procedure Judge et al. used concerns that relative predictive power between Big 5 personality traits and self-efficacy, which is the most important aspect of their model, had not been examined by any of the individual studies included in their meta-analytic synthesis. In other words, the “relative” part of data is entirely missing, and this makes their conclusion about relative predictive power in fact based on missing data. Missing data is considered one of the most critical problems in this procedure because estimation of certain relationships (e.g., path coefficients) in the model may become difficult or distorted due to missing data (Becker & Schram, 1994; Viswesvaran & Ones, 1995). Second, due to the systematic missing data in Judge et al.(2007), it may be possible that different parts of the model (e.g., the relationships between Big 5 traits and performance, between self-efficacy and performance, and between Big 5 traits and self-efficacy) are based on substantially differing populations. This variation in meta-analytic correlations is a critical issue, for the test of a path model can be affected even when only one of the variables included in the path model is moderated by a certain other variable (Viswesvaran & Ones, 1995). A series of moderator analyses conducted by Judge et al. themselves showed that the relationship between self-efficacy and performance was stronger, for example, when self-efficacy was measured with grid type measures rather than with Likert type measures, when performance domain was relatively specifically identifiable task performance rather than overall job performance, and when performance was assessed objectively rather than subjectively. We view these results as indicating numerous sources of systematic variation in their path model. Given the scarcity of research properly evaluating the relative predictive validity of self-efficacy, more primary studies including both self-efficacy and various

학습자의 자기효능감과 스마트폰 중독 정도에 따른 토론 성과 분석

김태웅 한국지식정보기술학회 2021 한국지식정보기술학회 논문지 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this research is to find the discussion outcome difference of learner’s self-efficacy and smartphone addiction degree. The research data was collected from the 32 learners. The data was analyzed through two-way analysis of variance. The results of this research were summarized as follows : Firstly, self-efficacy affects discussion flow. The high self-efficacy group was more effective than the low self-efficacy group in the discussion flow. Secondly, smartphone addiction degree affects discussion flow The general user group was more effective than the smartphone addiction group in the discussion flow. Thirdly, the interaction between self-efficacy and smartphone addiction degree affects discussion flow. The high self-efficacy group and the general user group were found to have the greatest effect on the discussion flow. fourthly, self-efficacy affects discussion satisfaction. The high self-efficacy group was more effective than the low self-efficacy group in the discussion satisfaction. fifthly, smartphone addiction degree affects discussion satisfaction. The general user group was more effective than the smartphone addiction group in the discussion satisfaction. Lastly, the interaction between self-efficacy and smartphone addiction degree affects discussion satisfaction. The high self-efficacy group and the general user group were found to have the greatest effect on the discussion satisfaction. Based on these research results, it was suggested that self-efficacy and smartphone addiction degree should be considered in order to improve the discussion outcome.

중소기업 조직구성원의 자기효능감이 직무열의와 직무성과에 미치는 영향: 구조모형분석-인공신경망 분석의 적용

강태원,이용기,이용숙 한국벤처창업학회 2018 벤처창업연구 Vol.13 No.6

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of self-efficacy of SMEs’ organization members on job engagement and job performance, and to analyze the difference between gender and marital status by applying SEM-ANN analysis. To accomplish the study purpose, 285 valid samples were collected from 400 SMEs' organization members and analyzed. In this study, self - efficacy consisted of three sub-dimensions: self-confidence, self-regulation efficacy, and task difficulty preference. As a result of the analysis, self - efficacy such as self-confidence, self-regulation efficacy, and task difficulty preference had a positive direct effect on job engagement. In addition, self-efficacy and self-control efficacy have a positive effect on job performance, but the preference of task difficulty has no significant effect. In addition, job engagement has a positive(+) effect on job performance, and has a mediating role in the relationship between self-efficacy and job performance. Also, married males preferred self-regulation efficacy, while females preferred self-regulation and self-control efficacy regardless of marital status. The purpose of this study is to present the framework of self-efficacy-job engagement-job performance of SMEs by measuring the self-efficacy related researches mainly in education and service industries, and is meaningful that companies can help to find the basis of management of organization members by gender and marital status of organization members. In addition, the SEM-ANN analysis process of this study is different in that it explains the nonlinear (nonobservative) relationship that can analyze the influence or the combination of the reference variables in the linear (compensatory) relation using the SEM. 본 연구의 목적은 중소기업 조직구성원의 자기효능감이 직무열의와 직무성과에 미치는 영향을 연구하고 SEM-ANN (structural equation modeling-artificial neural network) 분석을 적용하여 성별 (gender)과 결혼 여부의 변수에 따른 차이를 분석하기 위한 것이다. 연구목적의 달성을 위하여 400명의 중소기업 조직구성원들로부터 자료를 수집하여 285명의 유효표본이 분석에 이용되었다. 본 연구에서 자기효능감은 자신감, 자기조절효능감, 그리고 과제난이도 선호의 세 가지 하위차원으로 구성되었다. 분석 결과, 자신감, 자기조절효능감, 그리고 과제난이도 선호 등의 자기효능감은 직무열의에 직접적으로 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 자기효능감 중 자신감과 자기조절효능감은 직무성과에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치나, 과제난이도 선호는 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 직무열의는 직무성과에 정(+)의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 자기효능감과 직무성과 간의 관계에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 미혼 남성은 과제난이도 선호 , 기혼 남성은 자기조절효능감을 가장 중요시하나, 여성은 결혼 여부에 관계없이 자신감과 자기조절효능감을 중시하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 주로 교육 및 서비스업종 등에서 이루어지고 있는 자기효능감 관련 연구를 다차원으로 측정하여, 중소기업 구성원들을 대상으로 하여 자기효능감-직무열의-직무성과 간의 프레임워크를 제시하고, 기업들이 조직구성원의 성별, 결혼 여부에 따른 조직구성원 관리의 근거를 찾는데 도움을 줄 수 있다는데 의의가 있다. 또한, 본 연구의 SEM-ANN 분석 과정은 지금까지 SEM을 이용한 선형적(보상적) 관계에서 영향 또는 기준 변수들의 조합을 분석할 수 있는 비선형적(비보상적) 관계를 설명한다는 점에서 차별성이 있다

Physical Education Majors` Self-Efficacy Change Toward Inclusion: Contributions of Coursework and Student Teaching

( Joo Yeon Jin ),( Manny Felix ),( Garth Tymeson ) 한국체육학회 2015 국제스포츠과학 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.1

Purpose: Many physical education teacher education (PETE) programs offer an introductory adapted physical education (APE) course with a clinical, and student teaching opportunities in a sequence to help PETE majors to build teaching competencies, such as self-efficacy, toward inclusion (Jin, Yun, & Wegis, 2013). However, there is a lack of evidence showing how the APE course and student teaching influence PETE majors` self-efficacy toward inclusion. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether PETE major`s self-efficacy toward inclusion is improved after the APE course and student teaching. Method: A total of 197 PETE majors enrolled in an introductory APE course accompanying with a teaching clinical from Fall 2010 to Fall 2014 (9 semesters) participated in this study. The participants` self-efficacy was assessed using the Self-Efficacy Scale for Physical Education Teacher Education Majors toward Children with Disabilities (Block et al., 2013) at the beginning and end of the APE course. Self-efficacy of the 42 participants (out of 197) was additionally assessed at the end of student teaching. Result: Paired sample t-tests revealed that PETE majors` self-efficacy regarding four factors (i.e., peer instruction, staying on task, safety, and specific adaptation) and three instructional situations (i.e., conducting fitness testing, teaching sport skills, and actually playing sport) across intellectual disability (ID), physical disability (PD), and visual impairment (VI) was significantly improved through the APE course (P<.001). Between post-APE course and post-student teaching, however, PETE majors` self-efficacy regarding four factors and three instructional situations across ID, PD, and VI were not significantly improved, except for self-efficacy regarding ID staying on task, ID fitness testing, ID teaching sport skills, and ID play sport (P<.01). In addition, regressions found that self-efficacy regarding ID staying task, ID teaching skills, and ID play sport of PETE majors with APE minor were significantly more improved than non-APE minors (P<.01). Conclusion: Findings suggest that a well-designed APE course can improve PETE majors` self-efficacy toward inclusion, but may not adequately prepare PETE majors to effectively accommodate students with disabilities in real-world inclusive physical education settings.

수학과 체육에서 중학생의 자기효능감의 타인 기반 원천, 자기효능감, 수업참여의 구조적 관계

이예진,이은주 한국교육심리학회 2023 敎育心理硏究 Vol.37 No.3

This study aimed to examine the relationship among other-based sources of self-efficacy (such as by family, teachers, and peers), self-efficacy, and class engagement in mathematics and physical education. To this end, data of 396 middle school students were used to verify the six-factor structure of other-based sources of self-efficacy, comprising vicarious experiences and social persuasion of family, teachers, peers; and structural relationships among self-efficacy, its sources, and class engagement. The results revealed that the six-factor source model that distinguishes social models by family, teacher, and peer, fits the data better than the two-factor model, both in mathematics and physical education. Additionally, in mathematics, only social persuasion of family significantly impacted self-efficacy, whereas in physical education, peer vicarious experience influenced self-efficacy. Furthermore, in mathematics, self-efficacy had a complete mediating effect on the relationship between family social persuasion and class engagement. In physical education, it had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between peer vicarious experience and class engagement. This study is meaningful in that it examined the independent and discriminatory influence of family, teachers, and peers as sources of self-efficacy for middle school students. It also clarified the relationship between other-based self-efficacy sources, self-efficacy, and class engagement considering the characteristics of mathematics and physical education. Educational Impact and Implications : This study showed that information provided by others, such as social persuasion of trusted people and vicarious experiences of people similar to oneself, can act as a source of self-efficacy, which may affect class engagement. This process can vary depending on the subject area. To improve self-efficacy, it will be helpful if families provide praise and encouragement in mathematics; in physical education, organizing classes to observe peer efforts and performance would be helpful.

자기효능감과 성과의 관계에 대한 재연구 : 개인차 변수를 통제한 상대적 영향력

이동섭,김기태,조봉순 한국인사조직학회 2008 인사조직연구 Vol.16 No.4

본 연구는 과업성과의 예측변수로서의 자기효능감과 개인성격 변수들의 상대적 효과를 검증한다. 사회인지이론(social cognitive theory)은 성과를 비롯한 다양한 행위 변수를 설명하는 요인으로서 자기효능감의 중요성을 강조하였으며, 지난 30년간 많은 연구의 결과가 이를 지지하였다. 하지만 최근 Judge, Jackson, Shaw, Scott, & Rich(2007)는 메타분석결과에 의거한 경로분석을 통해, 개인성격 변수가 포함될 경우 자기효능감의 효과는 사라진다는 주장을 전개하였다. 본 논문은 Judge et al.의 연구에 내재된 방법론적인 한계를 감안할 때, 자기효능감의 과잉변수화 주장에 대해서는 보다 신중한 해석이 필요하다는 점을 지적하고, 그 대안으로 자기효능감과 Big 5 성격 변수를 동시에 포함하는 개별연구(primary study)를 통해 고유한 자기효능감 효과의 존재 유무를 살펴보았다. 156명의 대학생을 표본으로 하여 2회에 걸쳐 실시된 본 연구의 자료 분석결과에 의하면, Judge et al. (2007)에서와는 달리, 성격 변수의 효과는 통계적으로 유의하지 않은 반면, 자기효능감은 과업성과에 대해 일관적으로 유의한 예측력을 보였다. The purpose of the study is to empirically examine the relative impacts of Big 5 personality factors and self efficacy on task performance, controlling for mental ability and experience. Self-efficacy, the central variable of human regulatory mechanisms in social cognitive theory, has been proposed to be one of the most powerful cognitive determinants of human behavior (Bandura, 1986, 1997, 2006a; Locke & Latham, 1990). Research for over two decades has shown that self-efficacy has an impact on a variety of motivational and behavioral outcomes in clinical, athletic sport, educational, and various organizational settings (Holden, 1991; Holden, Moncher, Schinke, & Barker, 1990; Multon, Brown, & Lent, 1991; Stajkovic & Luthans, 1998). However, Judge, Jackson, Shaw, Scott, and Rich (2007) recently called the validity of these findings into question. They suggested that the unique contribution of self-efficacy in predicting performance may become negligible if individual traits, which have been largely neglected in social cognitive theory, are considered simultaneously. Using meta-analytic path analysis on the relationships among Big 5 personality traits, mental ability, experience, self-efficacy, and task performance, they reported a substantially reduced incremental predictive validity of self-efficacy when individual difference variables were controlled for. On the basis of this finding, they concluded that given the significant relationships of personality and intelligence to self-efficacy, task-specific self-efficacy may simply be a superfluous byproduct of a smart and generally confident person (Judge et al., 2007). We argue that the conclusion made by Judge et al.(2007) is premature and potentially erroneous. In testing the incremental predictive validity of self-efficacy on performance with individual difference variables controlled for, Judge et al. combined psychometric meta-analysis and path analysis, a procedure we found has critical limitations. First, the biggest problem in the procedure Judge et al. used concerns that relative predictive power between Big 5 personality traits and self-efficacy, which is the most important aspect of their model, had not been examined by any of the individual studies included in their meta-analytic synthesis. In other words, the “relative” part of data is entirely missing, and this makes their conclusion about relative predictive power in fact based on missing data. Missing data is considered one of the most critical problems in this procedure because estimation of certain relationships (e.g., path coefficients) in the model may become difficult or distorted due to missing data (Becker & Schram, 1994; Viswesvaran & Ones, 1995). Second, due to the systematic missing data in Judge et al.(2007), it may be possible that different parts of the model (e.g., the relationships between Big 5 traits and performance, between self-efficacy and performance, and between Big 5 traits and self-efficacy) are based on substantially differing populations. This variation in meta-analytic correlations is a critical issue, for the test of a path model can be affected even when only one of the variables included in the path model is moderated by a certain other variable (Viswesvaran & Ones, 1995). A series of moderator analyses conducted by Judge et al. themselves showed that the relationship between self-efficacy and performance was stronger, for example, when self-efficacy was measured with grid type measures rather than with Likert type measures, when performance domain was relatively specifically identifiable task performance rather than overall job performance, and when performance was assessed objectively rather than subjectively. We view these results as indicating numerous sources of systematic variation in their path model. Given the scarcity of research properly evaluating the relative predictive validity of self -efficacy, more primary studies including both self-efficacy and various...

Sources of Efficacy as Predictors of Early Childhood Pre-Service Teachers’ Self-Efficacy in Ghanaian Teacher Education Universities

Winston Kwame Abroampa,Williams Okunloye Rotimi,Joyce Nsiah Asante 환태평양유아교육연구학회 2017 Asia-Pacific journal of research in early childhoo Vol.11 No.2

The thrust of the study was to determine the extent to which sources of efficacy predicted and explained early childhood preservice teachers’ self-efficacy in Ghana. The study employed a survey design that selected 164 regular final year student teachers pursuing a Bachelor of Education degree in Early Childhood Education in two public universities in Ghana. The teacher self-efficacy scale and the sources of efficacy scale consisting of 60 items were used to gather data. Data was analysed using means and standard multiple regression. The study revealed that student teachers have high self- efficacy. Their self-efficacy beliefs is significantly predicted by the overall sources of efficacy. Specifically, mastery experiences significantly predicted preservice teachers self efficacy. When the effect of the various sources of self efficacy of the preservice teachers’ self-efficacy was explored separately, it came to light that vicarious experiences predicted preservice early childhood educators’ self-efficacy in engaging learners and using instructional strategies while enactive mastery experiences predicted their self-efficacy in managing classrooms and involving parents in their children’s education. It was recommended among others that pre internship, internship and post internship seminars should be well structured for students to have enough practice sessions and observations; there should be regular supervision from lecturers and post teaching conferences to provide appropriate feedback to build student teachers’ confidence and self-efficacy.

셀프리더십이 긍정심리자본 구성요인과 혁신행동에 미치는 영향 :긍정심리자본의 자아효능감, 희망, 낙관주의, 회복력의 매개효과를 포함하여

하동현(Ha, Donghyun) 대한관광경영학회 2018 觀光硏究 Vol.33 No.3

본 연구는 첫째, 항공사 객실승무원들이 인식하는 셀프리더십이 긍정심리자본의 자아효능 감, 희망, 낙관주의 및 회복력 각각에 미치는 영향을, 둘째, 자아효능감, 희망, 낙관주의, 회복력 각각이 혁신행동에 미치는 영향을, 셋째, 자아효능감, 희망, 낙관주의, 회복력이 셀프리더 십과 혁신행동 간에 매개역할을 하는가를 분석하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구목적을 실증적으로 분석하기 위해 한국 국적의 A 대형항공사와 B 대형항공사에 근무하고 있는 377명의 객실승무원을 표본으로 하였다. 응답자들은 셀프리더십, 자아효능감, 희망, 낙관주의, 회복력, 혁신행동에 대해 설문지로 응답하였다. 본 연구의 주요한 발견점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 셀프 리더십은 자아효능감, 희망, 낙관주의, 회복력에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 자아효 능감은 혁신행동에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 자아효능감은 셀프리더십과 혁신행동 간에 매개변수 역할을 하였다. 이와 같은 분석결과를 바탕으로, 시사점을 살펴보면, 이론적 시사점으로, 셀프리더십-긍정심리자본 구성요인-혁신행동 간의 관계에 대한 이해를 풍부 하게 하고, 항공서비스기업의 학계와 실무에 유용한 정보를 제공하고 있다. 실무적 시사점으 로, 셀프리더십이 자아효능감, 희망, 낙관주의, 회복력을 증진시키고, 자아효능감이 혁신행동에 영향을 미치며, 셀프리더십과 혁신행동 간에 매개변수 역할을 하기 때문에, 항공사서비스 조직은 객실승무원의 셀프리더십과 자아효능감을 교육훈련을 통하여 증가시킴으로써, 그들의 혁신행동을 증가시킬 수 있을 것이다. This study analyzes not only how self-leadership (SL) predicts self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience, but also how innovative behavior is predicted by self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience in flight attendants. In addition, this study analyzes whether self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience have mediating roles between self-leadership and innovative behavior. A total of 377 employees working as cabin crews of Korea full-fare airlines participated in this research. Respondents reported their self-leadership, self-efficacy, hope, optimism, resilience and innovative behaviors. The main findings are: (a) SL predicts employees’ self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience; (b) employees’ self-efficacy predicts their innovative behavior; (c) employees’ self-efficacy has a mediating role between self-leadership and innovative behaviors. As theoretical implications, the study enriches the understanding of the processes through which SL improves employees’ self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience which improve their innovative behaviors, and provides useful insights for both scholars and managers of airline companies. As managerial implications, by promoting SL, employees’ self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience may be increased. In addition, the higher self-efficacy may increase the more innovative behavior. Therefore, self-leadership influences innovative behavior directly and through self-efficacy indirectly.

대학생용 창의적 자기효능감 척도의 개발과 타당화

하유경,조한익 한국심리학회산하학교심리학회 2016 한국심리학회지 학교 Vol.13 No.1

The purpose of the study is to develope and validate creative self efficacy scale for college students. Subjects are 671 undergraduates from 4 colleges including 300 male and 371 female students in Korea. To develope creative self-efficacy scale, researchers developed, examined, and revised preliminary items of creative self-efficacy. In the analysis stage exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. In the exploratory stage of factor analysis, two factors were thought as appropriate that were named as creative thinking efficacy and creative performance efficacy by combining scree test and reviews of literatures in creative self-efficacy. After that, researchers examined confirmatory factor analysis of creative self-efficacy factors by comparing with another group of college students. Based on that, the fits of research modeling were same with another group which meant that the model used in the research group could generalize to other college students. By the result of the study, 9 items of creative thinking self-efficacy and 11 items of creative performance self-efficacy items were selected. In addition to it, when the researchers examined the reliability of test, Cronbach α for creative thinking self-efficacy was .908, creative performance self efficacy was .900, and total creative self-efficacy was .944. This study has implication on developing and validating creative self-efficacy scale for college students. With reference to the result of the study, researchers discussed results with related researches, and suggested theoretical and practical implications. 본 연구는 대학생용 창의적 자기효능감 척도를 개발하고 타당화 하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 국내 4개 대학교 재학생 671명으로 남학생은 300명, 여학생은 371명이다. 대학생용 창의적 자기효능감 척도연구는 예비문항의 작성, 예비문항의 검토 및 수정, 그리고 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석 등으로 이루어졌다. 최대우도법(maximum likelihood)과 Geomin 사각회전 방법으로 탐색적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 2개 요인이 적합한 것으로 나타났으며 본 연구에서는 이를 창의적 사고 자기효능감과 창의적 수행 자기효능감으로 명명하였다. 창의적 자기효능감은 총 20문항으로 창의적 사고 자기효능감 9문항, 창의적 수행 자기효능감 11문항이다. 창의적 자기효능감은 일상적 창의성, 학업적 자기효능감 및 일반적 자기효능감과의 상관이 높게 나타났다. 탐색적 요인분석 집단과는 별도로 확인적 요인분석 집단을 대상으로 창의적 자기효능감의 확인적 요인분석을 실시한 결과 적합도 지수들은 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 탐색적 요인분석 집단과 확인적 요인분석 집단간에 교차타당도를 분석한 결과에서도 적합도 지수들이 안정적으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 개발된 척도의 신뢰도는 창의적 사고 자기효능감 .908, 창의적 수행 자기효능감 .900, 전체 문항의 신뢰도는 .944로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과와 관련하여 선행연구와의 관련성, 본 연구의 시사점 및 제한점 등을 논의하였다.