계육 Surimi에 Trehalose와 Oligosaccharide의 냉동변성 방지효과

이성기,민병진 한국가금학회 2002 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.29 No.1

계육 surimi에서 trehalose와 oligosaccharide의 단백질 냉동변성 방지효과를 구명하기 위하여 본 실험을 실시하였다. 기계발골노계육에 0.5% 소금물(고기:용액, 1:4)로 2회, 증류수로 1회 수세하여 surimi를 제조하였다. Trehalose와 oligosaccharide를 각각 8%씩 혼합한 후 $-18^{\circ}C$에서 10주간 냉동저장하였다. 모든 Surimi의 적색도(a*)는 냉동기간동안 감소하였다. 냉동기간중에 trehalose, oligosaccharide, 무첨가 순으로 명도가 높고 적색도와 황색도가 낮아 색택 안정성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 냉동기간중 surimi의 gel 강도(압착력, 경도, 탄성, 점착성)는 감소하였지만, trehalose와 oligosaccharide 첨가가 무침가구에 비해 유의적으로 높은 수준을 유지하였다. 냉동기간중에 부착성은 trehalose 첨가가 가장 높았다. 따라서 이들 당류가 계육 surimi에 단백질 냉동변성방지제로 효과가 인정되었으며, trehalose는 감미도가 기존 설탕보다 낮고 색깔 및 물성에서 oligosaccharide 보다 더 우수한 것으로 판단되었다. Cryoprotective effects on chicken surimi during storage were investigated. Chicken surimi from mechanically deboned spent layer meat was prepared with 4 volumes of 0.5% NaCl washing, and then blended with or without cryoprotectants (8% trehalose, 8% oligosaccharide) prior to frozen storage at $-18^{\circ}C$ to 10 weeks Redness (a) of all surimi decreased during storage. Color stability increased during storage when lightness increased but redness decreased. At this Point, surimi maintained a better color quality as followed order; trehalose > oligosaccharide ) non-additive. Gel strength such as compressive force, hardness, adhesiveness and gumminess tended to decrease during frozen storage. Cryoprotectants provided significantly better textural properties than non-auditive. Surimi with trehalose showed the highest adhesiveness. In conclusion, trehalose and oligosaccharide seemed to be good cryoprotectants of chicken surimi. Especially, trehalose resulted in better cryoprotectant than oligosaccharide because of better color stability, better textural properties, and lower sweet characteristics.

Analysis of oligosaccharides from Panax ginseng by using solid-phase permethylation method combined with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Orbitrap/mass spectrometry

Li, Lele,Ma, Li,Guo, Yunlong,Liu, Wenlong,Wang, Yang,Liu, Shuying The Korean Society of Ginseng 2020 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.44 No.6

Background: The reports about valuable oligosaccharides in ginseng are quite limited. There is an urgent need to develop a practical procedure to detect and analyze ginseng oligosaccharides. Methods: The oligosaccharide extracts from ginseng were permethylated by solid-phase methylation method and then were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-Q-Orbitrap/MS. The sequence, linkage, and configuration information of oligosaccharides were determined by using accurate m/z value and tandem mass information. Several standard references were used to further confirm the identification. The oligosaccharide composition in white ginseng and red ginseng was compared using a multivariate statistical analysis method. Results: The nonreducing oligosaccharide erlose among 12 oligosaccharides identified was reported for the first time in ginseng. In the comparison of the oligosaccharide extracts from white ginseng and red ginseng, a clear separation was observed in the partial least squares-discriminate analysis score plot, indicating the sugar differences in these two kinds of ginseng samples. The glycans with variable importance in the projection value large than 1.0 were considered to contribute most to the classification. The contents of oligosaccharides in red ginseng were lower than those in white ginseng, and the contents of maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose, maltopentaose, maltohexaose, maltoheptaose, maltooctaose, maltononaose, sucrose, and erlose decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in red ginseng. Conclusion: A solid-phase methylation method combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was successfully applied to analyze the oligosaccharides in ginseng extracts, which provides the possibility for holistic evaluation of ginseng oligosaccharides. The comparison of oligosaccharide composition of white ginseng and red ginseng could help understand the differences in pharmacological activities between these two kinds of ginseng samples from the perspective of glycans.

저분자 키토산 올리고당의 직장암 발생과정에의 영향

이상길 ( Sang Gil Lee ),신진선 ( Jin Sun Shin ),조정원 ( Cheong Weon Cho ),손윤희 ( Yun Hee Shon ),남경수 ( Kyung Soo Nam ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2010 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.15 No.4

저분자 키토산 올리고당(Mw<1,000)의 사람 직장암세포 HT-29에서의 QR과 GST의 활성 및 GSH 생성 유도효과와 ODC 활성에의 영향을 측정한 결과, 저분자 키토산 올리고당은 phase Ⅱ 생체 해독효소인 QR과 GST의 활성 증가 및 GSH 함량을 증가시켰으므로 직장암발생(colon cancer carcinogenesis)의 개시단계(initiation)를 저해할 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 또한 직장암 발생과정의 촉진단계(promotion)에 관여하는 ODC 활성도 저해하였으므로 저분자 키토산 올리고당은 직장암 발생의 개시단계와 촉진단계에 저해효과가 있을 가능성이 높다. 그러므로 저분자 키토산 올리고당은 직장암 발생과정에 관련된 더 많은 연구를 통하여 직장암발생 억제물질로서 개발 가능성이 있는 것으로 보인다. The effect of low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide (Mw<1,000) on colon cancer carcinogenesis was investigated by measuring quinone reductase (QR), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate(TPA)-induced ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activities and glutathione (GSH) levels. Chitosan oligosaccharide induced QR activity in a dosedependent manner in a concentration range of 0.1~5.0 mg/mL. In addition GST activity was increased with chitosan oligosaccharide in cultured human colorectal adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells. The content of GSH was increased by the treatment of chitosan oligosaccharide. Chitosan oligosaccharide inhibited ODC activity, a key enzyme of polyamine biosynthesis. These results imply that low molecular weight chitosan oligosaccharide may suppress colon cancer carcinogenesis by increasing QR and GST activities and GSH content by inhibiting ODC activity.

B16 Melanoma 세포에서 Chitosan Oligosaccharide가 Melanin 생성에 미치는 영향

조남영,윤미연,김경원,박영미,임혜원,이지윤,이진희,김연정,김창종 대한약학회 2003 약학회지 Vol.47 No.6

To investigate the effect of chitosan oligosaccharide on melanin synthesis, we measured tyrosinase activity and melanin production in B16 melanoma cells. Chitosan oligosacchaide itself did not have any anti-oxidant activity in DPPH radical scavenging, and did not affect the proliferation of B16 melanoma cells. Chitosan oligosaccharide dose-dependently increased melanin production in the absence or presence of MSH. However, chitosan oligosaccharide did not have any influence on the tyrosinase activity and tyrosinase expression in B16 melanoma cells. These results suggest that chitosan oligosaccharide-induced melanin production may be independent on tyrosinase activity in B16 melanoma cells. From the above results. chitosan oligosaccharide dose-dependently appears to increase melanin production in B16 melanoma cells, suggesting that chitosan oligosaccharide may be used as a tanning agent.

Prebiotic Properties of Crude Oligosaccharide Prepared from Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Basil Seed Gum

Pairote Wongputtisin,Chartchai Khanongnuch 한국식품과학회 2015 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.24 No.5

Novel prebiotic was prepared from basil seed gum (Ocimum basilicum) using Thermoascus aurantiacus endo-xylanase. Crude basil oligosaccharide was produced and tested for prebiotic properties (in vitro and in vivo). Growth of Pediococcus acidilactici and Enterococcus faecium was stimulated in medium containing 1% (w/v) basil oligosaccharide comparing to glucose as a carbon source. In contrast, growth of Salmonella Havana and Escherichia coli was not stimulated by this oligosaccharide. Total lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in human fecal slurry was increased when 1% (w/v) of basil oligosaccharide was supplemented, while Salmonella-Shigella spp. group decreased (p<0.05). Daily administration (3 weeks) of 150 mg crude oligosaccharide to Wistar rats increased fecal LAB but non-significant (p>0.05), while Salmonella-Shigella spp. significantly (p<0.05) decreased. Thus, crude oligosaccharide prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis of basil seed gum may be useful as prebiotic for human foods.

Application of Malononitrile Derivatization Method for Structural Glycomics Study in Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry

Ahn, Yeong-Hee,Yoo, Jong-Shin Korean Society of Photoscience 2001 Journal of Photosciences Vol.8 No.2

Structural analyses of oligosaccharide-malononitrile derivatives were conducted by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization post-source decay (MALDI-PSD) analysis in positive ion mode. The malononitrile derivatives of oligosaccharides, which were developed for highly sensitive detection of multi-component oligosaccharides by negative ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI MS), were detected by positive-ion MALDI with the detection limit of 2 pmol level from the crude derivatization sample. The used matrix affected drastically the analytical results of oligosaccharide-malononitrile derivative by matrix-assisted laser desoprtion/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS). The malononitrile derivatization of oligosaccharide also affect the patterns of MALDI-PSD spectra and give much more structural information than the free oligosaccharide.

양성자빔 조사가 키토산올리고당에 의한 유방암세포의 전이조절 인자 억제에 미치는 효과

이도형 ( Do Hyung Lee ),이규식 ( Kyu Shik Lee ),남경수 ( Kyung Soo Nam ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2013 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.18 No.4

We investigated the effect of proton beam irradiation on chitosan oligosaccharide (COS-L, MW ≤ 1,000 Da)-mediated inhibition of metastatic potential in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. 8 Gy and 16 Gy of proton beam irradiation enhanced COS-Lmediated down-regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) induced by phorbol-12-myristate-13acetate (TPA). Also, matrix metalloproteinase- 9 (MMP-9) expression was synergically suppressed by chitosan oligosaccharide and proton beam irradiation. Furthermore, 8 Gy and 16 Gy of proton beam enhanced down-regulation of chitosan oligosaccharide-dependent urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) expression. However, that of uPA receptor (uPAR) was not affected by proton beam irradiation. These results suggests that proton beam may enhance chitosan oligosaccharide-mediated inhibition of metastatic potential in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells via further decrease of COX-2, MMP-9 and uPA expressions. Therefore, these results suggest that combinational treatment of chitosan oligosaccharide and proton beam irradiation may use effective strategy for preventing breast cancer development, growth and metastasis.

Genome of Bifidobacteria and Carbohydrate Metabolism

Pauline Bondue,Véronique Delcenserie 한국축산식품학회 2015 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.35 No.1

In recent years, the knowledge about bifidobacteria has considerably evolved thanks to recent progress in molecular biol-ogy. The analysis of the whole genome sequences of 48 taxa of bifidobacteria offers new perspectives for their classifica-tion, especially to set up limit between two species. Indeed, several species are presenting a high homology and should bereclassified. On the other hand, some subspecies are presenting a low homology and should therefore be reclassified intodifferent species. In addition, a better knowledge of the genome of bifidobacteria allows a better understanding of the mech-anisms involved in complex carbohydrate metabolism. The genome of some species of bifidobacteria from human but alsofrom animal origin demonstrates high presence in genes involved in the metabolism of complex oligosaccharides. Thosespecies should be further tested to confirm their potential to metabolize complex oligosaccharides in vitro and in vivo.

돼지감자 분말과 올리고당을 첨가한 머핀 제조의 최적화

박금순 ( Geum Soon Park ) 한국식생활문화학회 2014 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.29 No.1

돼지감자 분말과 올리고당의 기능적인 면을 활용한 머핀 제조조건의 최적화로 밀가루 대체 돼지감자 분말을 5, 15, 25%, 설탕 일부를 올리고당 25, 50, 75%로 대체하여 품질특성을 조사하고 관능적 기호도 측면에서 최적화를 유도하였다. 중심합성계획법을 이용하여 돼지감자 분말과 올리고당을 첨가한 머핀의 실험결과 높이, 수분함량, a값, b값, 탄력성, 응집성은 linear model이 채택되었으며 부피, pH와 L값은 quadratic model이 채택되었다. 무게와 경도, 씹힘성, 부서짐성은 이차 회귀분석에 대한 설명력이 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 관능검사 항목에서는 질감과 전체적인 기호도는 linear model, 외관, 향미, 맛에서는 quadratic model이 채택되었다. 돼지감자 분말이 첨가시 머핀의 높이와 수분함량, L값과 b값은 감소되었으며 a값은 증가하였다. 물성특성에서는 탄력성은 돼지감자 분말이 증가함에 따라 증가하였고 응집성은 감소하였다. 관능검사 결과 돼지감자 분말이 증가할수록 기호도는 감소하였으며 수치적 최적화와 모형적 최적화 결과를 통해 돼지감자 분말 10.99%, 올리고당 71.40%로 머핀제조시 바람직할 것으로 사료된다. This study was performed to determine the optimal composition of a muffin added with jerusalem artichoke powder and oligosaccharide. The experiment was designed based on CCD (central composite design), and evaluation was carried out by means of RSM (response surface methodology), which included 10 experimental points with three replicates each for the two independent variables jerusalem artichoke powder and oligosaccharide. The experimental muffin was prepared according to a traditional recipe, except that the flour was partially replaced by jerusalem artichoke powder (5, 15, or 25%) and the sugar was partially replaced by oligosaccharide (25, 50, or 75%). Using F-test, height, moisture, a-value, b-value, springiness, cohesiveness, texture, and overall acceptability were expressed as a linear model, whereas volume, pH, L-value, appearance, flavor and taste were expressed as a quadratic model. Increased amounts of jerusalem artichoke powder led to reduction of sensory scores for appearance, flavor, taste, texture, and overall quality. The optimum formulation determined by the numerical and graphical methods were similar: jerusalem artichoke powder 10.99%, oligosaccharide 71.40%.

키토산올리고당 기질-유기태 아연(Zn-OCHT) 섭이에 의한 산란계 계란 고품질 생산성 연구

조향현 ( Hyang Hyun Cho ),김희경 ( Hee Kyong Kim ),고홍범 ( Hong Bum Koh ),김영호 ( Young Ho Kim ) 한국키틴키토산학회 2016 한국키틴키토산학회지 Vol.21 No.1

In this study, we investigated whether it is possible to substitute the inorganic zinc of chitosan oligosaccharide substrate organic zinc. We investigated the quality characteristics of egg produced from laying hens with non-supplemented diets or diets supplemented with organic zinc on chitosan oligosaccharide. Organic-zinc was obtained from substrate of chitosan oligosaccharide. Organic zinc or non-organic zinc were mixed normal laying hen diet. Laying hens were fed diet for 45 days containing powdered chitosan oligosaccharide-Zn, inorganic zinc or normal feedstuff. During the experimental period, organic zinc group increased the egg shell thickness, egg heights and lymphocyte compared to inorganic zinc or aminated form products (p<0.05). And, edible weight and yolk colors were no significant difference. But, each effectiveness are different from organic-zinc concentration to feeding period. It was investigated that organic zinc had equal or more effects compared with inorganic zinc or normal diet. These results suggest that organic zinc could be used as substitute for inorganic zinc as well as the supplement of laying hens diets to produce functional eggs.