중장년 성인교정환자의 구강상태 및 치료양태에 관한 연구

이현정(Hyeon-Jung Lee),김진영(Jin-Young Kim),조진형(Jin-Hyoung Cho),황현식(Hyeon-Shik Hwang) 대한치과의사협회 2010 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.48 No.5

Orthodontic treatment for middle-aged patients has become more commonplace with various reasons including improved socioeconomic status. Understanding of oral status and treatment modalities of middle-aged patients is mandatory for accurate diagnosis and proper treatment planning. This study investigated 100 consecutive patients aged 40s and 50s and 100 aged 20s who had been examined and diagnosed at the Department of Orthodontics, Chonnam National University Dental Hospital. The results were obtained as follows; 1. Gender distribution showed female outnumbered male patients in young-aged adult patients, but middle-aged patients showed similar male and female distribution. 2. The major concern seeking orthodontic treatment was esthetics not only in young-aged but also in middle-aged adult patients, and a number of middle-aged patients were concerned about oral health as well. 3. Considerable number of middle-aged patients were referred by other dental specialties while young-aged adult patients were more self-motivated for orthodontic treatment. 4. Middle-aged adult patients had more missing teeth and periodontal disease than young-aged adults. 5. The most frequently-observed problem was dental spacing in middle-aged patients while dental crowding in young-aged adult patients. Middle-aged patients showed higher prevalence of deep overbite and overjet while most of young-aged adults presented opposite direction of problem in overbite and overjet. 6. Limited orthodontic treatment was required rather than comprehensive treatment in middle-aged patients, and the most common tooth moving area was anterior part of dentition in case of limited treatment. Need of interdisciplinary therapy with other dental specialties was more common in middle-aged patients. 7. Intervention of specific technique such as invisible TP, passive bracketing, passive wire bonding, and lingual orthodontics was more required in middle-aged patients. Considering that middle-aged patients have different characteristics than young-aged adults, the results of the present study suggest that different treatment modalities are required in middle-aged orthodontic patients in order to manage them properly and efficiently.

간호이론개발을 위한 개념 분석: 중년 남성 위기

강민아,양윤이,최나연 사단법인 인문사회과학기술융합학회 2017 예술인문사회융합멀티미디어논문지 Vol.7 No.10

Purpose: A middle-aged crisis is a phenomenon in which an individual reaches the middle of his life and experiences emotional confusion such as the meaninglessness of life, emptiness, and helplessness, as well as doubts about the meaning of life and reality. Currently, a middle-aged man is in an important position in his career and home life, but he is facing a crisis of emotional turmoil and drifting through the middle of life. The purpose of this study was to clearly define the attributes of middle aged men’s crises through concept analysis. Methods: The concept analysis method described by Walker and Avant was used. The attributes of middle aged men’s crises, it’s critical attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents were identified. Model, borderline, and contrary cases were also proposed. In the final analysis, there were 35 articles in Korea and 22 articles in the field of 'middle-aged men crisis'. Results: The attributes of these crises were identified as aging anxiety, emotional emptiness, loss, alienation, and pressure. The antecedents were lack of social integration due to unemployment and retirement, marital discord, divorce or separation, workplace fluctuations and frustrations, hormonal changes, independence of children, aging of appearance, and child and parental support. Properties are identified by aging, emotional emptiness, loss of sense, feeling of isolation, and pressure. The consequences occurring as a results of crises in middle age were confirmed by depression, a family crisis, and overcoming crises. Conclusion: The crisis for a middle-aged man can be used as an indicator of subjective perception of his experience, this is a concept that can present a positive direction for middle-aged men to overcome the crisis. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to develop integrated intervention among multidisciplinary interventions that can enhance the quality of life of men who are suffering from a middle-aged crisis and measurement tools that include the multi-faceted attributes of men 's middle-aged crisis. In addition, it is necessary to reflect the possible attributes of nursing intervention which is required for middle-aged men in clinical field. 목적: 중년위기는 개인이 인생 중반에 이르러 삶의 의미와 자신의 실체에 대한 의문과 함께 삶의 무의미함과 공허함, 무기력과 같은 정서적 혼란을 겪는 현상이다. 현대 사회의 중년 남성은 직장생활과 가정생활에서 중요한 위치에 있으나 인생의 중반에 이르러 정서적 혼란과 방황을 겪는 위기를 맞이하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구의 목적은 중년 남성 위기에 대한 개념분석을 통해 그 속성을 명확하게 정의하고 중년 남성 위기 극복을 통한 삶의 질 향상을 위한 간호중재 개발의 기초자료를 마련하고자 함이다. 연구방법: Walker와 Avant의 개념 분석 절차를 사용하여 중년 남성 위기 개념이 문헌에서 어떻게 사용되고 있는 지 분석하였고, 논문 분석을 통해 속성 및 특성을 규명한 후 이러한 속성을 갖춘 모델사례, 경계사례, 반대사례 및 연관사례를 구성하였다. ‘middle-aged men crisis'를 주제어로 국내, 국외 문헌검색을 하였고, ‘middle -aged men crisis' 라는 용어로 연구된 문헌은 국내 35건, 국외 22건으로 총 57건이 최종 분석에 이용되었다. 결과: 중년 남성 위기의 선행요인은 실직, 퇴직으로 인한 사회적 통합 결여, 부부간의 불화, 이혼, 별거, 직장에서의 변동과 좌절, 가까운 친지나 주변인의 죽음, 호르몬 변화, 자녀들의 독립, 외모의 노화현상, 자녀와 노부모 부양으로 나타났다. 속성은 노화불안, 정서적 공허함, 상실감, 소외감, 중압감으로 확인되었으며 결과는 우울, 가족위기, 위기극복으로 확인되었다. 결론: 본 연구는 중년 남성 위기 개념분석을 통해 그 속성을 체계적으로 파악함으로써 중년 위기 극복을 위한 긍정적인 방향성을 제시할 수 있고, 중년 남성이 경험하는 주관적 인식의 지표로 활용될 수 있는 개념이다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 남성의 중년위기의 다면적 속성을 포함하는 측정도구와 중년위기를 겪고 있는 남성의 삶의 질을 증진시킬 수 있는 다학제간 통합적 중재를 개발하는 연구가 필요하다. 또한 현재 중년 남성에게 요구되는 간호학적 중재행위가 가능한 속성을 임상 현장에 반영해야 할 것이다.

중년의 현대무용 전공인들의 라인댄스에 대한 이야기보따리 풀기 : 입문계기를 중심으로

박휴경(Park, HyuKyoung),정원정(Chung, WonChung),김희진(Kim, HeeJin),이나영(Lee, NaYoung) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2022 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.22 No.4

목적 본 연구는 중년의 무용전공인들이 무용분야 내 다른 영역의 활동을 위해 라인댄스를 선택한 요인과 입문과정에 대해 살펴보았다. 방법 이 연구를 위해 질적사례연구방법을 채택하였고, 연구참여자 5명과의 심층면담으로 질적자료를 수집하고 분석하였다. 분석과정에서 삼각측정법, 동료검증, 참여자확인과정을 거쳐 연구의 신뢰성을 높이려는 노력을 하였다. 결과 첫째, 중년의 무용전공인들은 무용계에서 예술가로 살아가기 위해 강의 활동과 겸업하며 무대 활동을 이어갔지만, ‘현대무용 전공인으로서 설자리가 좁아짐’에 따라 무용계에서 다른 분야로의 진출을 모색하게 되었다. 그러나 ‘재사회화의 노력’에도 ‘어려움’을 겪게 되었으며, ‘주변의 소개’로 라인댄스를 접하게 되며 사회무용분야로 도전하게 되었다. 둘째, 중년의 연구참여자들이 재사회화의 도구로 라인댄스를 선택한 것은 라인댄스가 ‘중년’과 ‘현대 무용전공인’에게 적합한 특성과, ‘자격취득과정의 용이한 장점’을 가지고 있기 때문이었다. 결론 이러한 결과를 볼 때, 라인댄스는 중년의 현대무용 전공인들을 위한 재사회화 도구로 적합한 장르이다. 이 연구는 사회무용분야에서 활동하기를 원하는 중년의 현대무용 전공인에게 유용한 정보와 동기부여를 제공할 수 있을 것이다. 중년의 전문무용인들이 라인댄스를 통해 무용분야 타 장르에서 활발하게 활동하는데 이 연구가 기여할 수 있을 것이다. Objectives This study analyzed the cause factors and processing introductory opportunity in which middle-aged dance professional line dance instructor for the dance carrier decision. This study analyzed the causal factors and processed introductory opportunities which middle-aged dance professionals line dance instructors for the dance carrier decision. Methods For this study, a qualitative case study method was applied, and the results of the oral materials collecting and analyzing qualitative data by the in-depth interview with 5 participants. For the increasing the reliability of the study, triangulation, peer verification, and participant verification in the analysis process. Results The results of the study are as follows: First, middle-aged dance professionals continued managing their carrier as professional dancers while teaching with lectures and dancers to live as artists in the dance field. However, he encountered difficulties even in ‘re-socialization efforts’, and came into line dance instructor s introduction to the surroundings’ and took on a challenge in the social dance field. The middle-aged research participants as a method for re-socialization, the reason I chose line dance that is because it is has proper characteristics profession for “middle-aged” and “modern dance professionals,” and “acceptable advantages of the qualification acquisition processing.” In this result, line dance is an acceptable dance field genre as a re-socialization method for middle-aged dancer professionals. Conclusions According to the results of this study, line dance is an acceptable dance field genre as a re-socialization method for middle-aged dancer professionals. This study would provide useful information and motivation to middle-aged modern dance carrier decision who hope to work in social dance. The middle-aged dance professionals would contribute to be active activities of middle-aged professional dancers for other dance genres with line dance instructing. According to the results of this study, line dance is an acceptable dance field genre as a re-socialization method for middle-aged dancer professionals. This study would provide useful information and motivation to middle-aged modern dance carrier decision who hope to work in social dance. The middle-aged dance professionals would contribute to be active activities of middle-aged professional dancers for other dance genres with line dance instructing.

전주지역 중, 노년층의 생활습관과 건강상태 조사(II)

이미숙,우미경 대한지역사회영양학회 2002 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.7 No.6

This study investigated the anthropometric and biochemical indices, and the health and nutritional factors influencing the two indices among 194 middle-aged and elderly subjects (108 middle-aged and 86 elderly) residing in a medium sized city for more than 10 years. In the examination of their dietary habits, 8.3% of the middle-aged subjects and 14.0% of the elderly subjects had two meals a day, and more female subjects had two meals per day. Of the subjects who ate meals at regular times, 75.0% were middle-aged and 79.1% were elderly, and the degree of irregularity of meals was greater for female subjects. The study of the dietary behavior of the subjects indicated that 71.3% and 66.3% of the middle-aged and elderly, respectively responded that the amount of food in each meal was sufficient. The subjects ate alone comprised 19.7% of the middle-aged females and 31.5% of the elderly females. The prevalence of smoking among the subjects was 28.1% for the middle-aged, 18.8% for the elderly male and 7.4% for the elderly females. The percentage of the subjects who drank alcohol was 34.4% of the middle-aged males and 13.2% of the middle-aged females. Slightly less than half of the subjects exercised more than once a week, with the male subjects showing a higher rate than the female subjects. The average body mass indices (BMI) were 24.5 and 24.6 for the middle-aged male and female, respectively, and 22.6 and 24.0 for the elderly male and female, respectively. BMI assessment showed that underweight subjects (BMI < 20) comprised 3.7% of the middle-aged, 14.0% of the elderly, and that 40.7% of the middle-aged and 24.4% of the elderly were overweight (25 < BMI < 30) , and 0.9% of the middle-aged and 1.2% of the elderly were classified as obese (BMI $\geq$ 30) . A waist/hip ratio (WHR) greater than 0.8 was found in 89.5% of the middle-aged females and 90.7% of the elderly females, showing high abdominal fat deposition in the majority of females. The average systolic blood pressure of females was 121.1 $\pm$ 17.1 mmHg for the middle-aged and 129.6 $\pm$ 21.3 mmHg for the elderly subjects. The systolic blood pressures showed a significantly difference between the two age groups. Those defined as anemic subjects based on hemoglobin values comprised 13.0% of the middled-aged group and 16.3% of the elderly group. There was a tendency for higher fasting glucose levels among the elderly subjects. An increase in total plasma cholesterol levels with age was shown. The female subjects had higher cholesterol levels than the males'The study of the correlation between the daily habits and health status showed that the amount of food eaten at each meal, the frequency of eating out, and the use of dietary supplements appeared to influence BMI, WHR, the plasma triglyceride and plasma cholesterol levels; omitting one meal had a positive correlation with the systolic blood pressure and plasma cholesterol. These results suggest that desirable dietary habits and concerns for health are contributing factors for maintaining good health, as indicated by normal blood lipid levels.

중장년 기술창업가의 창업 준비 유형 및 특성에 대한 연구

홍성표,김민희 한국벤처창업학회 2023 벤처창업연구 Vol.18 No.1

체계적인 창업 준비는 실패 가능성을 낮추고 시장성 있는 비즈니스 모델 수립을 가능하게 한다는 점에서 중장년 창업가에게 필수적이지만, 중장년의 창업준비를 위한 정책과 서비스는 충분히 활용되지 못하고 있다. 최근 중장년의 창업과 관련한 연구가 활발하게 수행되고 있으나 창업준비는 대학생이나 예비창업가를 중심으로 연구되어, 실제 창업을 한 중장년 창업가의 다양한 창업준비 행태를 심층적으로 분석한 연구는 부족하였다. 이에, 이 연구에서는 중장년 창업가의 창업준비 유형을 도출하고, 창업준비 유형에 따른 창업성과의 차이를 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 서울시 소재 업력 7년 미만 창업기업의 중장년 기술창업가 324명의 설문 데이터를 분석하였다. 중장년 기술창업가들의 창업준비는 보통 수준으로 창업 준비 기간의 충분성이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 창업교육을 통한 준비 수준이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 잠재프로파일 분석 결과 중장년 기술창업가들의 창업 준비 유형은 ‘전반적 부족형’, ‘창업교육 소홀형’, ‘포괄적 준비형’의 3개 집단으로 나타났다. 창업만족도, 창업역량, 실패 두려움, 창업서비스 접근성, 중장년 특화 지원 필요성에 대한 집단 별 차이 분석을 실시한 결과, 전반적 부족형에 비해 창업교육 소홀형과 포괄적 준비형의 창업만족도, 창업역량, 창업서비스 접근성이 통계적으로 유의하게 높은 것으로 나타으며, 실패두려움의 경우 포괄적 준비형이 전반적 부족형과 창업교육 소홀형보다 통계적으로 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 중장년 창업 서비스 접근성은 전반적 부족형이 타 집단보다 통계적으로 유의하게 낮게 나타났고, 중장년 특화 창업지원의 필요성은 모든 유형에서 높게 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 중장년의 체계적인 창업준비 지원을 위한 정책적 시사점은 첫째, 중장년층의 창업준비 수준을 향상할 수 있는 다양한 지원사업 확대 및 중장년 창업가의 창업준비 수준에 따른 유형별 지원 제공, 둘째, 중장년 창업지원 서비스에 대한 홍보와 접근성 강화, 셋째, 청년 창업가와 다른 중장년의 특성을 반영한 중장년 창업가 특화 교육 제공, 넷째, 창업교육을 포함한 창업준비의 여러 요인을 복합적으로 고려한 중장년 창업지원 제공 등으로 제시하였다. Careful preparation for a start-up can lower the risk of failure and create a successful business model. However, there are still challenges for middle-aged entrepreneurs, as start-up services and policies are often not readily accessible or fully utilized. Despite active research on middle-aged start-ups, previous studies have not delved deeply into the demographics of start-up preparation and various preparation behaviors. In response to this, a study was conducted to identify which start-up support services middle-aged entrepreneurs use, and how start-up preparation can be classified based on this. Data from 324 middle-aged tech start-up owners, based in Seoul and who started their businesses within the past 7 years, was collected and analyzed. The results showed that middle-aged entrepreneurs had moderate start-up preparation, with the greatest focus on the preparation period and the least focus on start-up education. Latent Profile Analysis revealed three groups of start-up preparation types among middle-aged entrepreneurs: "Overall Tribal Type," "Lack of Start-up Education Type," and "Comprehensive Preparation Type." BCH was performed on start-up satisfaction, start-up competence, fear of failure, access to start-up services, and support needs for middle-aged entrepreneurs based on the preparation type. The results showed that "Overall Tribal Type" had statistically lower start-up satisfaction, competence, and service accessibility compared to the other groups. Meanwhile, "Comprehensive Preparation Type" had a statistically lower fear of failure than the other types. "Overall Tribal Type" also had lower accessibility to middle-aged start-up services. All types had a high recognition of the need for support for specialized middle-aged start-ups. The findings highlight the need for more comprehensive support for middle-aged entrepreneurs. This could include expanding support projects to enhance their level of preparation, providing customized support based on their level of preparation, and improving the visibility and accessibility of start-up support services for middle-aged individuals. Additionally, specialized education that addresses the characteristics of middle-aged individuals should be provided.

중년여성의 평생학습 참여가 주관적인 삶의 질 인식에 미치는 영향

안은미(An, Eun-mi),허정무(Hurh, Jeong-moo) 한국노년교육학회 2015 노년교육연구 Vol.1 No.1

In this study, by searching for them on the subjective quality of life impact of participation in lifelong learning middle-aged woman, was presented the development direction of women's lifelong learning to enhance the quality of life of middle-aged women on the basis of subjective results. This study will vary by lifelong learning participation motivation, lifelong learning satisfaction, and subjective quality of life, lifelong learning in a middle-aged woman, was determined by a process comprising causing the overload of interaction are influenced by these three factors. Extract affects the quality of life of middle-aged women's subjective factors on the basis of hypothetical causal relationship between the model and the influence relationship was verified. The findings from the age of 40 participating in lifelong learning survey questionnaire appeared to target the middle-aged woman of 59 years results. First, most important the quality of life of middle-aged women subjective determinants of participation in lifelong learning and lifelong learning satisfaction motivation, personal background characteristics of lifelong learning through participation in lifelong learning motivation and lifelong learning satisfaction indirectly affect the subjective quality of life of middle-aged women found that to give. This was the biggest impact on the lives of middle-aged women subjective factors directly affect lifelong participation motivation was followed by life-long learning experience. Showed that a larger influence of indirect rather than direct effects personal background characteristic factor. Second, to describe the subjective quality of life of the indirect effects of relevant factors on subjective quality of life of middle-aged women the proportion of large path 'lifelong learning participation motivation → lifelong learning satisfaction → subjective quality of life’of middle-aged women' path. Because it was, it was found that the effect is important in determining the quality of life of middle-aged women, lifelong learning participation motivation and lifelong learning satisfaction than personal background characteristics. The following results were obtained based on the findings. First, need to run a program to develop a customized strategy and may consider lifelong learning participation motivation and lifelong learning satisfaction differently motivated individual background characteristics of middle-aged women, women targets in lifelong education institutions. This effort is being supported when such involvement leading to lifelong learning participation motive and enhance the lifelong learning satisfaction level of middle-aged female students as subjective quality of life and improve the effectiveness of lifelong learning may increase. Second, it should be established and operated by the practice education program targeting middle-aged women in lifelong education institutions support the positive strategies that can enhance the satisfaction oriented and activity-oriented learning grant lifelong learning participation motivation for middle-aged women. 이 연구에서는 중년여성의 평생학습 참여가 그들의 주관적인 삶의 질 인식에 미치는 영향을 탐색하고 중년여성의 주관적인 삶의 질 인식 제고를 위한 여성 평생학습의 발전방향을 제시하였다. 평생학습에 참여하고 있는 40세 부터 59세 까지의 중년여성을 대상으로 설문조사하여 분석한 결과, 중년여성의 주관적인 삶의 질 인식에 영향을 미 치는 가장 중요한 결정요인은 평생학습 참여동기와 평생학습 만족도이며, 개인배경특 성은 평생학습 참여동기와 평생학습 만족도를 거쳐 중년여성의 주관적인 삶의 질 인식 에 간접적으로 영향을 미치고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 직접적으로 중년여성의 주관적인 삶의 질 인식에 미치는 영향이 가장 큰 요인은 평생학습 참여동기였으며, 그 다음으로 는 평생학습 만족도였다. 개인배경특성요인은 직접적인 영향보다는 간접적인 영향이 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 중년여성의 주관적인 삶의 질 인식에 대한 관련요인의 간접적 인 영향 중 주관적인 삶의 질 인식을 설명하는데 가장 비중이 큰 경로는 ‘개인배경특 성 → 평생학습 참여동기 → 중년여성의 주관적인 삶의 질 인식’ 경로였으므로, 개인 배경특성 보다는 평생학습 참여동기 및 평생학습 만족도가 중년여성의 주관적인 삶의 질 인식을 결정하는데 중요하게 작용하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 연구결과를 토대로 여 성대상 평생교육기관에서는 평생학습 참여동기와 평생학습 만족도가 중년여성들의 개 인배경특성변인별로 다르게 나타날 수 있음을 고려하여 고객맞춤형 전략을 수립하고 관련 프로그램을 운영해야 한다는 결론을 도출하였다. 이 연구에서는 중년여성을 대상 으로 하는 교육프로그램을 운영하는 평생교육기관들은 학습지향적이고 활동지향적인 평생학습 참여동기를 부여해주고 만족도를 제고시킬 수 있는 적극적인 지원전략을 수립하고 실천할 것을 제안하였다.

중고령자의 행복감에 영향을 미치는 여가 요인에 관한 연구

박창제 경북대학교 사회과학연구원 2019 사회과학 담론과 정책 Vol.12 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze leisure factors affect happiness of the middle-aged in retirement transition period, and then to discuss implications for the findings. National Leisure Activity Survey conducted by National Leisure Activity Survey conducted by Korea Culture & Tourism Institute in 2016 was used for this study. From this dataset, 2,740 the middle-aged between 50 and 64 years old were selected. Ordered logistic model was used by considering the nature of the dependent variable. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. First, among socio-demographic characteristics, age, having spouse, and education level, labor forces participation, club participation, participation in volunteering have significant effect on happiness of the middle-aged. Second, any type of leisure have no significant effect on happiness of the middle-aged. Third, cost of leisure has significant positive effect on happiness of the middle-aged. Fourth, weekday leisure time doesn’t have significant effect on happiness of the middle-aged but holiday leisure time has significant positive effect on happiness of the middle-aged. Fifth, focus on leisure rather than work has significant positive effect on happiness of the middle-aged. Sixth, leisure life satisfaction has significant positive effect on happiness of the middle-aged. Some determinants of happiness differ by age group of middle-aged as follows. First, cost of leisure has significant positive effect on happiness of age group of 50-54 years old but has no effect on happiness of age group of 55-59 years old, 60-64 years old. Second, holiday leisure time has significant positive effect on happiness of all middle-aged group. Third, focus on leisure rather than work has significant positive effect on happiness of all middle-aged group. Fourth, leisure life satisfaction has significant positive effect on happiness of all middle-aged group 본 연구는 은퇴 전환기 연령에 속하며 노년기에 진입하고 있는 중고령자의 행복감에 영향을 미치는 여가 요인을 분석한 다음, 이를 바탕으로 정책적 함의를 논의하는 데 목적을 두었다. 한국문화관광연구원이 수집한「2016년 국민여가활동조사」자료 중 50~64세 중고령자 2,740명을 추출하여 순서로 짓모형을 이용하여 회귀 분석하였다. 분석한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, 사회인구학적 특성 중 성별은 중고령자의 행복감에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤지만, 연령, 결혼상태, 교육수준, 경제활동, 동호회 참여, 자원봉사활동 참여가 중고령자의 행복감에 유의하게 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 본 연구에서 분류한 어떤 종류의 여가 유형도 다른 여가 유형보다 중고령자의 행복감에 영향을 미치지는 않았다. 셋째, 여가 비용은 중고령자의 행복감에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 평일 중고령자의 행복감에 여가시간은 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았지만, 휴일 여가시간은 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 다섯째, 일보다는 여가생활에 집중하는 경우가 중고령자의 행복감에 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 여섯째, 여가생활만족도는 중고령자의 행복감에 정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구대상 중고령자들을 3개의 연령 집단으로 구분하여 분석해 보면 연령 집단별 행복감에 미치는 영향요인이 달랐다. 첫째, 여가비용은 50~54세 중고령자 집단의 행복감에 유의한 영향을 미쳤지만, 55~59세, 60~64세 중고령자 집단의 행복감에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 둘째, 휴일 여가시간은 50~54세, 55~59세, 60~64세 중고령자 집단 모두의 행복감에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 일보다 여가에 집중하는 경우가 50~54세, 55~59세, 60~64세 중고령자 집단 모두의 행복감에 유의하게 정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 넷째, 여가생활만족도는 50~54세, 55~59세, 60~64세 중고령자 집단 모두의 행복감에 정적인 영향을 미쳤다.

중장년층 일자리 요구사항 분석 및 인력 고용 매칭 시스템 개발

김성찬(Seongchan Kim),장진철(Jincheul Jang),김성중(Seong Jung Kim),진효진(Hyojin Chin),이문용(Mun Yong Yi) 한국지능정보시스템학회 2016 지능정보연구 Vol.22 No.4

With the rapid acceleration of low-birth rate and population aging, the employment of the neglected groups of people including the middle aged class is a crucial issue in South Korea. In particular, in the 2010s, the number of the middle aged who want to find a new job after retirement age is significantly increasing with the arrival of the retirement time of the baby boom generation (born 1955-1963). Despite the importance of matching jobs to this emerging middle aged class, private job portals as well as the Korean government do not provide any online job service tailored for them. A gigantic amount of job information is available online; however, the current recruiting systems do not meet the demand of the middle aged class as their primary targets are young workers. We are in dire need of a specially designed recruiting system for the middle aged. Meanwhile, when users are searching the desired occupations on the Worknet website, provided by the Korean Ministry of Employment and Labor, users are experiencing discomfort to search for similar jobs because Worknet is providing filtered search results on the basis of exact matches of a preferred job code. Besides, according to our Worknet data analysis, only about 24% of job seekers had landed on a job position consistent with their initial preferred job code while the rest had landed on a position different from their initial preference. To improve the situation, particularly for the middle aged class, we investigate a soft job matching technique by performing the following: 1) we review a user behavior logs of Worknet, which is a public job recruiting system set up by the Korean government and point out key system design implications for the middle aged. Specifically, we analyze the job postings that include preferential tags for the middle aged in order to disclose what types of jobs are in favor of the middle aged; 2) we develope a new occupation classification scheme for the middle aged, Korea Occupation Classification for the Middle-aged (KOCM), based on the similarity between jobs by reorganizing and modifying a general occupation classification scheme. When viewed from the perspective of job placement, an occupation classification scheme is a way to connect the enterprises and job seekers and a basic mechanism for job placement. The key features of KOCM include establishing the Simple Labor category, which is the most requested category by enterprises; and 3) we design MOMA (Middle-aged Occupation Matching Algorithm), which is a hybrid job matching algorithm comprising constraint-based reasoning and case-based reasoning. MOMA incorporates KOCM to expand query to search similar jobs in the database. MOMA utilizes cosine similarity between user requirement and job posting to rank a set of postings in terms of preferred job code, salary, distance, and job type. The developed system using MOMA demonstrates about 20 times of improvement over the hard matching performance. In implementing the algorithm for a web-based application of recruiting system for the middle aged, we also considered the usability issue of making the system easier to use, which is especially important for this particular class of users. That is, we wanted to improve the usability of the system during the job search process for the middle aged users by asking to enter only a few simple and core pieces of information such as preferred job (job code), salary, and (allowable) distance to the working place, enabling the middle aged to find a job suitable to their needs efficiently. The Web site implemented with MOMA should be able to contribute to improving job search of the middle aged class. We also expect the overall approach to be applicable to other groups of people for the improvement of job matching results.

Analysis of body shape and anthropometric measurements of US middle-aged women using 3D body scan data

김동은 복식문화학회 2015 服飾文化硏究 Vol.23 No.4

The apparel industry has recently been recognizing the important target market of middle-aged women. The aim of this study was to examine the anthropometric characteristics of US women of 46 to 65 years of age and identify distinctive body shape characteristics of US middle-aged women. A total of 1915 middle-aged women whose ages ranged from 46 to 65 were selected from the SizeUSA database. The age range was divided into two groups: 46-55 and 56-65. Twenty-four body measurements important for apparel development were chosen. Four factors—Girth Factor, Height Factor, Hip Drop Factor, and Bust Drop Factor—accounted for the US middle-aged women’s body measurements. The body shapes were classified into four body shapes, which were Y-Shape in the overweight range, S-Shape in the overweight range, H-Shape in the overweight range, and the A-Shape in obese range. H-Shape, which was the least-defined waist in relation to the bust and hips with a short height, existed more in older middle-aged women than in younger middle-aged women. Y-Shape, S-Shape, and A-Shape existed more in the group of younger middle-aged women than in the group of older middle-aged women. In addition, compared with the younger middle-aged women, older middle-aged women had narrower shoulders, a larger waist, thinner legs, and a longer distance between side neck to bust point. The findings from the current study may be applied in the apparel industry for developing clothing sizing systems for US middle-aged women.

중년 전업주부와 직장여성의 헤어스타일 인식

노원주(Won Ju Roh),문금옥(Keum Ok Mun),권오혁(Oh Hyeok Kwon) 한국인체미용예술학회 2016 한국인체미용예술학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Middle-aged women who have been active in consumption as the leading figure of economic activities emphasize quality in their lives and concentrate on taking care of their look. This study attempted to figure out how the consumption-oriented, middle-aged housewives and working women see their hairstyles and give the beauty salons targeting these middle-aged women help in their marketing. In terms of analysis techniques, frequency and percentage were estimated to investigate the general characteristics of the subjects. To examine the factors which change middle-aged women’s hairstyles, their perception on hairstyles and current hairstyles, t-test, one-way ANOVA, χ² (chi-square) and frequency analysis were performed. The study results found the followings: First, both middle-aged housewives and working women were highly aware that a hairstyle has a significant effect on a person’s image. In addition, a slight difference was found by age, marital status, educational background, occupation and monthly income without statistical significance. Second, in terms of middle-aged women’s current hairstyles, a short wavy hairstyle was most popular in both middle-aged housewives and working women, followed by a medium wavy hairstyle. In both middle-aged housewives and working women, a significant difference was found in terms of monthly income. Third, according to middle-aged women’s perception of hairstyles, both middle-aged housewives and working women loved short hair in average with significant difference by age, marital status and occupation. In terms of preference of a perm, it was average in both middle-aged housewives and working women with statistically significant difference.