기관지 천식환아에서 salbutamol 흡입 전후의 동맥혈 가스분석과 호흡기능의 변화

신용화(Yong Hwa Shin),김원희(Won Hee Kim),김성원(Sung Won Kim) 대한소아알레르기호흡기학회(구 대한소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회) 1993 소아알레르기 및 호흡기학회지 Vol.3 No.1

N/A The Changes of ventilatory functions (%FEV1, %V50) and arterial blood gases before and 30 minutes after salbutamol inhalation were examined in 26 cases in moderate groups of acute bronchial asthma with particular reference to correlation between ventilatory functions and arterial blood gases and to influence of arterial oxygen tension. All cases were divided into increased arterial oxygen tension group (I group) and decreased arterial oxygen tension group (D group). The results were as follows: 1) The PaO2 after salbutamol inhalation fell down in 13 out of 26 (50.0%) and remarkablely decreased more than 5 mmHg in 7 out of 26 (26.9%). 2) The initial value of PaO2 had statistically significant positive correlation with initial value of %FEV1 and %V50. The changes in PaO2 after the inhalation had also positive correlation with initial value of %FEV1 and %V50. 3) Severe patients showed statistically low values of the initial PaO2 and ventilatory functions and showed a fall in PaO2 after inhalation compared with moderate patients. 4) The a1terations of PaO2 as a whole, were inversely related to those of (A - a) DO2. There facts suggest that the changes in PaO2 after salbutamol inhalation is mainly result from the alteration of Ventilation/Perfusion ratio. 5) There were no significant changes of pulse rate and symptoms of other side effects of salbutamol inhalation. In conclusion, salbutamol inhalation is able to exhibit a transient worsening of their hypoxemia in acute bronchial asthma. Especially, hypoxemia after salbutamol inhalation shows gradually with increasingly severe stage and decreasingly ventilatory functions in acute attacks of bronchial asthma.

흡인화상환자에서 발생하는 후두 및 기관 협착

박일석,장재혁,김범규,김용복,노영수,안회영,김종현,Park Il-Seok,Chang Jai-Hyuk,Kim Beom Gyu,Kim Yong Bok,Rho Young Soo,Ahn Hwoe Young,Kim Jong Hyun 대한기관식도과학회 2005 大韓氣管食道科學會誌 Vol.11 No.1

Background and Objectives : Laryngotracheal stenosis in bum patients with inhalation have features distinct from other stenosis after intubation or tracheostomy. However few studies have been reported and the incidence was reported variable. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical manifestation and the incidence of laryngotracheal stenosis in bum patients with inhalation. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 138 bum Patients diagnosed inhalation injury who admitted to Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital from July 2002 to June 2004. Result : 5 patients were developed laryngotracheal stenosis. The incidence of Laryngotracheal stenosis in bum patients with inhalation was $3\%$. Symptom developed early in 2 patients, late in 3 patients.4 patients required trachostomy as initial airway support. The location of stenosis is subglottic region except 1 patient. Montgomery T-tube was inserted in 3 patients, and Single-stage laryngotracheal reconstruction was performed in 1 patient. Conclusion Incidence of laryngotracheal stenosis in our study is lower than other reports due to late presentation of symptom and early discharge after acute bum stage. Inhalation injury may lead to severe complication and sequelae, therefore physicians should be have a awareness for early diagnosis and all burn patients who have a history of inhalation injury should be followed closely.

향기흡입이 항암 화학요법 환자의 오심·구토와 식욕부진에 미치는 효과

정은숙,이병숙 성인간호학회 2004 성인간호학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of aroma oil inhalation using peppermint and bergamot on nausea·vomiting and anorexia in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Method: Study subjects were 30 patients who had experienced nausea and vomiting when they had been hospitalized in K university hospital located in D city after receiving more than two Cisplatin combination chemotherapy treatments. Among them 15 patients were in the experimental group doing aroma oil inhalation and the other 15 patients were in the control group without aroma oil inhalation. The data were collected from February 1, 2002 to May 17, 2002. The data were analyzed with SPSS WIN 10.0 program using frequency, percentage, x²-test, t-test, Repeated Measures ANOVA. Result: 1) The degree of nausea and vomiting in the experimental group with aroma oil inhalation using peppermint and bergamot were significantly lower than that of the control group. 2) The degree of anorexia in the experimental group with aroma oil inhalation using peppermint and bergamot were significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion: aroma oil inhalation was effective for relieving patients' nausea·vomiting and anorexia receiving chemotherapy. Therefore, it is proposed that aroma oil inhalation should be applied as a supportive nursing arbitration method to relieve patients' nausea·vomiting and anorexia who are receiving chemotherapy.

증례(症例) : 흡입 화상 후 지연성으로 발병한 기관지 천식의 1예

박승용 ( Seung Yong Park ),오호준 ( Ho Jun Oh ),최정환 ( Chung Hwan Choi ),김재문 ( Jae Mun Kim ),김이식 ( Yi Shik Kim ),최경화 ( Kyoung Hwa Chai ),전병준 ( Byung Jun Jeon ),이원석 ( Won Seok Lee ),이경애 ( Kyung Ae Lee ),고강석 ( 전북대학교 의과학연구소 2007 全北醫大論文集 Vol.31 No.1

화상환자에서 수액요법과 항생제 치료의 발전으로 인해, 쇽과 패혈증으로 인한 사망률은 점점 감소추세에 있다. 이로 인해 연기 흡입으로 인한 기도와 폐의 손상이 화재로 인한 사망률과 질병 이환률의 주된 원인이 되고 있다. 이전의 보고들은 주로 연기 흡입 후 호흡기계에 미치는 단기 효과에 대한 내용이 대부분 이었다. 연기 흡입 후 초기에는 기도의 반응성 증가가 주된 변화인데, 이는 강력한 세포 반응을 동반한 급성염증이 기도에 심각하게 일어나는 것에 기인한다. 이에 대한 몇몇의 연구들이 이러한 염증성 변화와 효과를 기도의 과민반응이 지속되어 나타나는 것으로 보고를 하였지만, 아직 연기 흡입 후 기도에 미치는 만성적인 효과나 지연성으로 발생하는 기도의 과민반응에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 저자들은 연기 흡입 후, 6개월 이루에 지연성으로 발생한 기관지 천식의 증례가 있어 보고하는 바이다. In burn patients, the mortality from shock or sepsis is declining by virtue of advanced fluid therapy and antibiotic application. However, damages to trachea and lungs caused by smoke inhalation have been a major cause of mortality and morbidity. Previous reports have shown the short-term effects on respiratory system after smoke inhalation. In the early phase of smoke inhalation, increased airway reactivity is common because acute inflammation with an intense cellular response is profuse in airways. Although some studies have reported that this inflammatory changes and effects such as bronchial hyperresponsiveness are prolonged, there are few reports about long-term effect to airway by smoke inhalation and/or delayed onset airway hyperresponsiveness after smoke inhalation. Herein, we report one subject of a delayed-onset bronchial asthma occurred at 6 months after smoke inhalation with literature review.

EEG와 감성반응 분석에 의한 족욕과 라벤더 족욕의 이완과 진정 효과의 비교

김은영,류희욱,김민경,김선태 한국냄새환경학회 2018 실내환경 및 냄새 학회지 Vol.17 No.2

To analyze the synergistic effects of applying lavender aroma to a footbath, we analyzed the EEG and emotionalresponses of footbath, lavender inhalation, and lavender footbath in women in their 30s. Foot baths reduced waveactivation, wave and wave inactivation, and SEF50 and SEF90. The foot bath activated waves by about 66%compared to the background EEG, and reduced SEF50 and SEF90 by 0.43 Hz-0.68 Hz and 3.7 Hz, respectively. Lavender inhalation activated α, β, and γ waves at a concentration of 1% or more, and inactivated θ waves. Asthe concentration of lavender inhalation increased, α waves increased and β and γ waves decreased. Lavenderfoot bath activates θ waves and α waves, and inactivates β waves and γ waves. Compared with the backgroundEEG, the lavender foot baths reduced SEF50 and SEF90, which are the median frequencies of EEG power, 0.5 Hzand 3.4 Hz, respectively. Lavender showed a positive emotional response when applied to inhalation and foot bath. Lavender showed a positive emotional response when applied to inhalation and foot bath. When the lavender wasinhaled at the concentration of 1~10% and the lavender foot bath was applied, the average preference index (API)showed 0.64~0.66 and 3.6 ± 0.6, respectively. Lavender oil has a greater synergistic effect on emotional reactionswhen applied to an aromatherapy bath than by inhalation. Lavender decreased SEF50 and SEF90 as the APIincreased. A lavender footbath was superior to lavender inhalation in both emotional and EEG responses, and wasmore relaxed and calming than a footbath. These results suggest that the aroma foot bath method, in which lavenderis applied to a footbath, is more effective in terms of providing relaxation and calming than a footbath or lavenderinhalation aromatherapy.

Acute and Subchronic Inhalation Toxicity of n-Octane in Rats

Sung, Jae-Hyuck,Choi, Byung-Gil,Kim, Hyeon-Yeong,Baek, Min-Won,Ryu, Hyun-Youl,Kim, Yong-Soon,Choi, Young-Kuk,Yu, Il-Je,Song, Kyung-Seuk Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2010 Safety and health at work Vol.1 No.2

Objectives: We have investigated the toxic effects of the inhalation of subchronic and acute levels of n-octane. Methods: The rats were exposed to n-octane of 0, 2.34, 11.68 and 23.36 mg/L (n = 5 rats/group/gender) in an acute inhalation test (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) TG 403), or to 0, 0.93, 2.62 and 7.48 mg/L (n = 10 rats/group/gender) for a subchronic inhalation test (OECE TG 413), to establish a national chemical management system consistent with the Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHS). Results: Acutely-exposed rats became lethargic but recovered following discontinuation of inhalation. Other clinical symptoms such as change of body weight and autopsy finds were absent. The LC50 for the acute inhalation toxicity of n-octane was determined to exceed 23.36 mg/L and the GHS category was 'not grouping'. Subchronically-treated rats displayed no significant clinical and histopathological differences from untreated controls; also, target organs were affected hematologically, biochemically and pathologically. Therefore, the no observable adverse effect level was indicated as exceeding 7.48 mg/L and the GHS category was 'not grouping' for the specific target organ toxicity upon repeated exposure. Conclusion: However, n-octane exposure should be controlled to be below the American Conference of Industrial Hygienists recommendation (300 ppm) to prevent inhalation-related adverse health effects of workers.

라벤더 복부마사지와 향기흡입이 월경곤란증, 통증, 불안 및 우울에 미치는 효과 비교

최은희(Choi En-Hee) 기본간호학회 2009 기본간호학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Purpose: This study was done to investigate differences between lavender abdominal massage and inhalation on dysmenorrhea, menstrual pain, anxiety, and depression. Methods: This study used a non equivalent quasi-experimental design. Lavender essential oil and almond oil were used in massage and a lavender necklace and artificial perfume necklace in inhalation for female college students. Frequencies, percentages, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test and t-test with the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program were used to analyze the data. Results: Dysmenorrhea was significantly higher inhalation for placebo treatment compared to lavender inhalation (p< .001). There was not significant difference between lavender abdominal massage and inhalation. Conclusion: Lavender abdominal massage and inhalation could be effective methods to reduce dysmenorrhea. However, before lavender abdominal massage and inhalation can be considered as intervention, it is more needed to study of menstrual pain, anxiety and depression.

흡입화상 치료과정에서 생긴 공동성 폐 병변

신현원 ( Hyun Won Shin ),김철홍 ( Cheol Hong Kim ),엄광석 ( Kwang Seok Eom ),박용범 ( Yong Bum Park ),장승훈 ( Seung Hun Jang ),김동규 ( Dong Gyu Kim ),이명구 ( Myung Goo Lee ),현인규 ( In Gyu Hyun ),정기석 ( Ki Suck Jung ),이일성 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2006 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.60 No.5

Toxic gases and soot deposition as a consequence of smoke inhalation can cause direct injury to the upper and lower airways and even to the lung parenchyma. A delay in proper and prompt therapy can be detrimental to critically ill burn patients with an inhalation injury. Therefore, serial chest radiography is an important diagnostic tool for pulmonary complications during treatment. The radiographic findings of the chest include normal, consolidation, interstitial and alveolar infiltrates, peribronchial thickening, atelectasis, cardiogenic and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and a pneumothorax as acute complications of smoke inhalation. In addition, bronchiectasis, bronchiolitis obliterans and pulmonary fibrosis can occur as late complications. We encountered a case of 44-year-old male who presented with acute lung injury after an inhalation injury. He required endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation due to respiratory failure. He was managed successfully with conservative treatment. Later, a cavitary lesion of the left upper lobe was observed on the chest radiography and computed tomography, which was complicated by massive hemoptysis during the follow-up. However, the cavitary lesion disappeared spontaneously without any clinical consequences. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2006; 60: 564-570)

SD Rats를 이용 1-hexene의 흡입독성 연구

김현영,임철홍,정용현,이권섭,이성배,이준연,한정희,전윤석,이용묵 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute (4 hours) and repeated-dose (6 hours a day, 5 days a week, 4 weeks) toxic effects of I -hexene on Sprague- Dawley (SD) rats which were treated by inhalation. The results were as follows; I. The median lethal concentration (LC_(50)) was estimated 52,694 ppm (confidence limit 95%; 49,494~55,447 ppm) in acute inhalation. Abnormal clinical signs related to the l-Hexene were not observed with the acute inhalation dose. Gross findings of necropsy revealed on evidence of specific toxicity related to the 1-hexene, II. By repeated inhalation exposure the body weight of male were more or less reduced by the dose of 2,500 ppm and 5,000 ppm compared with control group. However there were no significant variation hematology and blood biochemistry for the exposed rats compared with the control rats. Abnormal clinical signs and gross findings of necropsy related to the 1-hexene were not shown. In conclusion when we exposed I-hexene to SD rats for 4 weeks, 5 days per week, 6 hours per day, the Lowest observed effect level (LOEL) was over 2,500 ppm and Non observed effect level (NOEL) was below 500 ppm.

Subacute Inhalation Toxicity of 3-Methylpentane

Yong Hyun Chung,Seo-Ho Shin,Jeong Hee Han,Yong-Hoon Lee 한국독성학회 2016 Toxicological Research Vol.32 No.3

3-Methylpentane (C6H14, CAS No. 96-14-0), isomer of hexane, is a colorless liquid originating naturally from petroleum or natural gas liquids. 3-Methylpentane has been used as a solvent in organic synthesis, as a lubricant, and as a raw material for producing carbon black. There is limited information available on the inhalation toxicity of 3-methylpentane, and the aim of this study was to determine its subacute inhalation toxicity. According to OECD Test Guideline 412 (subacute inhalation toxicity: 28-day study), Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 0, 284, 1,135, and 4,540 ppm of 3-methylpentane for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks via whole-body inhalation. Mortality, clinical signs, body weights, food consumption, hematology, serum chemistry, organ weights, and gross and histopathological findings were compared between control and all exposure groups. No mortality or remarkable clinical signs were observed during the study. No gross or histopathological lesions, or adverse effects on body weight, food consumption, hematology, serum chemistry, and organ weights were observed in any male or female rats in all exposure groups, although some statistically significant changes were observed in food consumption, serum chemistry, and organ weights. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) for 3-methylpentane above 4,540 ppm/6 hr/day, 5 days/week for rats.