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혐기성 수소발효를 결합한 생물학적 2단공정의 유기성폐자원 처리 및 바이오에너지 생산
이채영,유규선,한선기 한국수소및신에너지학회 2015 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.26 No.3
This study was performed to investigate the application of dark H2 fermentation to two-stage bioprocesses for organic waste treatment and energy production. We reviewed information about the two-stage bioprocesses combining dark H2 fermentation with CH4 fermentation, photo H2 fermentation, microbial fuel cells (MFCs), or microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) by using academic information databases and university libraries. Dark fermentative bacteria use organic waste as the sole source of electrons and energy, converting it into H2. The reactions related to dark H2 fermentation are rapid and do not require sunlight, making them useful for treating organic waste. However, the degradation is not complete and organic acids remain. Thus, dark H2 fermentation should be combined with a post-treatment process, such as CH4 fermentation, photo H2 fermentation, MFCs, or MECs. So far, dark H2 fermentation followed by CH4 fermentation is a promising two-stage bioprocess among them. However, if the problems of manufacturing expenses, operational cost, scale-up, and practical applications will be solved, the two-stage bioprocesses combining dark H2 fermentation with photo H2 fermentation, MFCs, or MECs have also infinite potential in organic waste treatment and energy production. This paper demonstrated the feasibility of two-stage bioprocesses combining dark H2 fermentation as a novel system for organic waste treatment and energy production.
석유대체에너지로서 청정연료 DME 제조 및 활용기술(수소 등)
조원준,유혜진 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.0
지구온난화와 대기오염의 확산으로 자동차산업과 에너지산업분야에 석유대체 친환경에 대한 관심과 기술개발이 활발히 이뤄지고 있다. 최근 우리나나라에서 발생되는 직간접의 미세먼지는 우리생활에 위협이 되고 있으며 생태계를 파괴할 우려가 날로 증가하고 있다. 청정연료 DME는 석유대체연료로서 다양한 활용기술로부터 경유를 대체할 수 있는 연료시장에 진입할 것으로 기대되고 있다. DME엔진과 연소기는 수송용은 물론 농업용, 산업용 보일러등 미세먼지 사각지대에 놓여있는 분야에 DME 연료를 공급하여 사업이 증가할 것이며 환경친화적 연료사업이 가능하며 또한 미래에너지원인 수소시장으로도 진입하려고 한다. 에어로졸시장도 꾸준히 증가하여 부탄가스에 소량 함유된 발암물질인 1,3-부타디엔에 대한 규제가 강화되면서 더욱 DME 사용이 증가할 것으로 기대된다.
이택홍,천영기 한국수소및신에너지학회 2006 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.17 No.4
In the production of hydrogen from various sources like cracking of LPG, LNG, Crude oil, or alkaline water electrolysis, the things that we keep in mind is the entrapment of unexpected impurities in the stream of produced H2. If it is true that we are not able to produce 100% pure H2, then subsequent procedure is the elimination of the impurities and the determination of the concentrations of each constituents in H2 stream. By the way, each country has different constituents in its fuels and unavoidablely it was cost/economy debates between coutries. Thus, in this paper, our goal is to provide current international issues for hydrogen production.
LPG기관의 부분부하 조건에서 수소 혼합에 따른 성능 및 배출가스 특성에 관한 실험적 연구
김인구,김기종,이성욱,조용석 한국수소및신에너지학회 2013 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.24 No.3
The purpose of this study is to obtain low-emission and high-efficiency by hydrogen enriched LPG fuel in LPG engine and is to clarify the effects of hydrogen enrichment in LPG fuelled engine on exhaust emission and performance. An experimental study was carried out to obtain fundamental data for performance and emission characteristics of hydrogen enrichment in LPG engine. The research was held by changing the hydrogen ratio to 0, 5, 10, 20% in 1500rpm, bmep 2 and 4bar. The result turned out that the combustion duration was shortened due to fast flame propagation of hydrogen. And the amount of Carbon dioxide and Hydrocarbon decreased. However, the amount of NOX increased, which is thought to be the result of high adiabatic flame temperature of hydrogen. It has been confirmed that this phenomenon has changed by the Hydrogen mixing ratio.
수소첨가 CNG기관의 성능 및 배출가스 특성에 관한 실험적 연구
류규현,김인구 한국수소및신에너지학회 2015 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.26 No.2
Recent research has focused on alternative fuel to improve engine performance and to comply with emission regulation. Finding an alternative fuel and reducing environment pollution are the main goals for future internal combustion engines. The purpose of this study is to obtain low-emission and high-efficiency by hydrogen enriched CNG fuel in SI engine and is to clarify the effects of hydrogen enrichment in CNG fuelled engine on exhaust emission and performance. An experimental study was carried out to obtain fundamental data for performance and emission characteristics of hydrogen enrichment in SI engine. The experiment was conducted at 2500 rpm, bmep 2 bar, 4 bar conditions while CNG fuel was mixed with 10, 20 and 30% hydrogen blends. From the experimental results, combustion duration was shortened due to rapid flame propagation velocity of hydrogen and these were attributed to the burning velocity increasing exponentially with increasing hydrogen blending ratio. Hydrogen has much wider flammable limit than methane, gasoline and the minimum ignition energy is about an order of magnitude lower than for other combustion. By adding hydrogen, CO2 and HC were reduced. However, NOX was increased dut to high rate of heat release for hydrogen substitutions.
박소진,김형태,김진욱,강일오,유현석,최경식 한국수소및신에너지학회 2020 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.31 No.5
In this literature, we are introduce a basic design of multi energy hub based on natural gas governor station. Multi energy hub consists of turbo expender generator, phosphoric acid fuel cell, pressure swing adsorption, H2 charging station, utilities and etc. We design a hybrid energy hub system that provides energy using these complex energies, and calculates the amount of electricity that can be produced and the amount of hydrogen charged through the process analysis. TEG and phosphoric acid fuel cell produce 2,290 to 2,380 kW and can supply electricity to 500 houses. In addition, By-product H2 gas is refined to H2 vehicle fuel. This will help maximize the balance of energy demand and supply and improve national energy efficiency by integrating unused decompression energy power generation technology and various power generation/heat source technologies.
LPG 기관의 수소 분사비율에 따른 냉간시동시 미연탄화수소 배출특성에 관한 실험적 연구
이영재,김형근,방태석,이재웅,조용석 한국수소및신에너지학회 2015 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.26 No.4
Finding an alternative fuel and reducing environmental pollution are the main goals for future internal combustion engines. The purpose of this study is to obtain low-emission and high-efficiency by hydrogen enriched LPG fuel in a LPG engine. An experimental study was carried out to obtain fundamental data for the emit HC emission characteristics at cold start of pre-mixed LPG and hydrogen in a LPG engine with various fractions of hydrogen-LPG blends. To maintain equal volume ratio of fuel blend, the amount of HC was decreased as hydrogen was gradually added. The results showed that as hydrogen increases, in-cylinder pressure increased. Also emission of unburned hydrocarbon (HC) is sharply decreased.
정적연소기내 H2-LPG 연료의 혼합 비율에 따른 연소 및 배출가스 특성에 관한 실험적 연구
이성욱,김기종,고동윤,윤여빈,조용석 한국수소및신에너지학회 2012 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.23 No.3
Finding an alternative fuel and reducing environmental pollution are the main goals for future internal combustion engines. The purpose of this study is to obtain low-emission and high-efficiency by hydrogen enriched LPG fuel in constant volume chamber. An experimental study was carried out to obtain fundamental data for the combustion and emission characteristics of pre-mixed hydrogen and LPG in a constant volume chamber (CVC)with various fractions of hydrogen-LPG blends. To maintain equal heating value of fuel blend, the amount of LPG was decreased as hydrogen was gradually added. Exhaust emissions were measured using a HORIBA exhaust gas analyzer for various fractions of hydrogen-LPG blends. The results showed that the rapid combustion duration was shortened, and the rate of heat release elevated as the hydrogen fraction in the fuel blend was increased. Moreover, the maximum rate of pressure rise also increased. These phenomena were attributed to the burning velocity which increased exponentially with the increased hydrogen fraction in the H2-LPG fuel blend. Exhaust HC and CO2 concentrations decreased, while NOX emission increased with an increase in the hydrogen fraction in the fuel blend. Our results could facilitate the application of hydrogen and LPG as a fuel in the current fossil hydrocarbon-based economy and the strict emission regulations in internal combustion engines.