벤치스케일 침출상 반응조을 이용한 음식폐기물 처리 시 산발효 및 수소발효의 거동특성 비교

한선기 유기성자원학회 2007 유기물자원화 Vol.15 No.3

This study was conducted to compare the performances of acidogenic fermentation and hydrogen fermentation using bench-scale leaching-bed reactors for organic solid waste. Acidogenic fermenters were operated with dilution rates (D) of 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 d-1 after employing anaerobic sludge and hydrogen fermenters were operated with D of 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 d-1 after employing heat-treated anaerobic sludge. The highest chemical oxygen demand(COD) conversion efficiency (56.2%) was obtained in acidogenic fermentation with D of 3.0 d-1. Only volatile fatty acid(VFA) was produced as a metabolite. On the other hand, hydrogen fermentation did not show higher COD conversion efficiency (49.3%) than acidogenic fermentation, but it produced hydrogen gas(5.1% of total COD) which was a clean and environmentally friendly fuel with a high energy yield. Therefore, either acidogenic fermentation or hydrogen fermentation could be applied to organic solid waste depending on the purpose of treatment, which could maximize the economics of anaerobic treatment. 본 연구는 유기성 고형폐기물 처리에 적합한 벤치스케일 침출상 반응조를 이용하여 효율적인 산발효 및수소발효의 거동특성을 살펴보았다. 산발효조는 혐기성 소화슬러지를 식종한 후 희석율 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 d-1로 운전이 되었으며, 수소발효조는 열처리된 소화슬러지를 식종한 후 희석율 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 d-1로 운전이 되었다. 산발효조는 희석율 3.0 d-1에서 운전되었을 때 최대의 COD 전환율 56.2%가 얻어졌으며 이때 전환된 COD는 모두 유기산으로 전환되었다. 반면에 수소발효조는 산발효조보다 높은 COD 전환율(49.3%)을 보여주지 못했지만, 높은 에너지 수율을 가지고 있을 뿐 아니라 친환경 청정에너지인 수소가스(전체 COD 중 5.1%)를 부산물로 얻을 수 있었다. 그러므로 처리목적에 따라 산발효나 수소발효를 유기성 고형폐기물에 적용할 수 있으며, 이는 혐기성처리 기술의 경제성을 향상시킬 수 있다.

초음파가 폐활성 슬러지의 혐기성 소화에 미치는 영향(I) -초음파 및 알칼리 전처리를 이용한 폐활성 슬러지의 가용화-

한선기,이채영 유기성자원학회 2009 유기물자원화 Vol.17 No.1

본 연구에서는 혐기성 소화 성능 향상을 위해 초음파 및 알칼리 전처리에 의한 폐활성 슬러지의 가용화 효과를 조사하였다. 초음파 및 알칼리 전처리는 세포벽의 파괴로 인하여 모세관 흡입 시간을 증가시킬 뿐만 아니라 상등액의 용존성 화학적 산소요구량, 단백질 및 탁도 농도를 증가키는 것으로 나타났다. 알칼리와 초음파 전처리를 병행한 슬러지 가용화가 초음파 전처리만을 수행한 경우에 비해 용존성 화학적 산소요구량과 단백질 증가가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 알칼리와 초음파 전처리를 동시에 수행한 경우 폐활성 슬러지의 고형물 농도 증가에 따라 가용화 효율이 감소하는 것으로 조사되었다. The effect of ultrasonic and alkaline pre-treatments on waste activated sludge (WAS) disintegration was investigated for improved anaerobic digestion. As WAS was treated by either methods, longer capillary suction time (CST) was required due to the break-up of cell walls, and its supernatant demonstrated increase in soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), protein content and turbidity. Ultrasonic process combined with alkaline pre-treatment demonstrated higher SCOD and protein content in the supernatant as compared with ultrasonic pre-treatment only. However, the degree of disintegration (DDCOD) of WAS decreased with increasing solid concentration as both WAS disintegration methods employed simultaneously.

유기성 자원화분과 : 음식물쓰레기를 이용한 수소발효의 타당성 평가

한선기,김현우,신항식 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2003 한국폐기물자원순환학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

유기성 폐기물을 이용한 바이오수소 생산

한선기,김동훈,신항식,Han, Sun-Kee,Kim, Dong-Hoon,Shin, Hang-Sik 대한환경공학회 2008 대한환경공학회지 Vol.30 No.9

혐기성 처리에 의한 유기성 폐기물 에너지화 (I) : 음식폐기물의 수소화

한선기,Han, Sun-Kee 유기성자원학회 2011 유기물자원화 Vol.19 No.1

혐기성 회분식 반응조를 이용하여 다양한 유기성 폐기물의 에너지화 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 수소발생 특성을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 채소류는 파, 과일류는 사과, 곡류는 쌀밥 그리고 육류로는 돼지고기를 사용하였다. 파, 사과, 쌀밥 및 돼지고기의 최종 수소 수율은 각각 0.46, 0.47, 0.62 및 $0.05mol\;H_2/mol\;hexose$로 나타났다. 수소 발생율은 파, 사과, 쌀밥 및 돼지고기에서 각각 0.013, 0.021, 0.014 및 $0.005mol\;H_2/mol\;hexose/h$로 평가되었다. 따라서 돼지고기를 제외한 음식폐기물의 혐기성 수소 발효는 재생에너지 생산뿐만 아니라, 유기물의 제거에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 휘발성 지방산은 수리학적 체류시간이 증가함에 따라 높게 발생되는 것으로 나타났다. 수소 발효시 산발효 효율은 쌀밥이 75.8%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 돼지고기는 35.2%로 가장 낮게 나타났다. Characteristics of hydrogen production from various food wastes in anaerobic batch reactors were evaluated to assess the energy potential of organic wastes. Organic wastes which were used in this study were scallion as vegetable, apple as fruit, rice as grain and pork as meat. Ultimate hydrogen yield of scallion, apple, rice and pork were 0.46, 0.47, 0.62 and $0.05mol\;H_2/mol\;hexose$, respectively. On the other hand, hydrogen production rates of scallion, apple, rice and pork were 0.013, 0.021, 0.014 and $0.005mol\;H_2/mol\;hexose/h$, respectively. These results indicated that anaerobic hydrogen fermentation from food waste except for meat was effective in removing organic material as well as producing renewable energy. Volatile fatty acids increased as hydraulic retention time was increased. In the hydrogen fermentation, acidification degree of rice was measured as the highest rate of 75.8% whereas pork was found as the lowest rate of 35.2%.

혐기성 처리에 의한 유기성 폐기물 에너지화 (Ⅰ) : 음식폐기물의 수소화

한선기 유기성자원학회 2011 유기물자원화 Vol.19 No.1

Characteristics of hydrogen production from various food wastes in anaerobic batch reactors were evaluated to assess the energy potential of organic wastes. Organic wastes which were used in this study were scallion as vegetable, apple as fruit, rice as grain and pork as meat. Ultimate hydrogen yield of scallion, apple, rice and pork were 0.46, 0.47, 0.62 and 0.05 mol H2/mol hexose, respectively. On the other hand, hydrogen production rates of scallion, apple, rice and pork were 0.013, 0.021, 0.014 and 0.005 mol H2/mol hexose/h, respectively. These results indicated that anaerobic hydrogen fermentation from food waste except for meat was effective in removing organic material as well as producing renewable energy. Volatile fatty acids increased as hydraulic retention time was increased. In the hydrogen fermentation, acidification degree of rice was measured as the highest rate of 75.8% whereas pork was found as the lowest rate of 35.2%. 혐기성 회분식 반응조를 이용하여 다양한 유기성 폐기물의 에너지화 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 수소발생 특성을 평가하였다. 본 연구에서 채소류는 파, 과일류는 사과, 곡류는 쌀밥 그리고 육류로는 돼지고기를 사용하였다. 파, 사과, 쌀밥 및 돼지고기의 최종 수소 수율은 각각 0.46, 0.47, 0.62 및 0.05mol H2/mol hexose로 나타났다. 수소 발생율은 파, 사과, 쌀밥 및 돼지고기에서 각각 0.013, 0.021, 0.014 및 0.005 mol H2/mol hexose/h로 평가되었다. 따라서 돼지고기를 제외한 음식폐기물의 혐기성수소 발효는 재생에너지 생산뿐만 아니라, 유기물의 제거에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 휘발성 지방산은 수리학적 체류시간이 증가함에 따라 높게 발생되는 것으로 나타났다. 수소 발효시 산발효 효율은 쌀밥이 75.8%로 가장 높게 나타났으며, 돼지고기는 35.2%로 가장 낮게 나타났다.

미생물 연료전지의 원리 및 환경보건 분야로의 응용

한선기,Han, Sun-Kee 한국환경보건학회 2012 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.38 No.2

The research on microbial fuel cells (MFCs) needs various knowledge of different fields such as electrochemistry, microbiology, environmental engineering, and material engineering. Although electrochemically active bacteria are very diverse, the performance of MFCs is affected primarily by the structure of the reactor system. Thus, the development in the system architecture is critical to lower internal resistance and increase power generation for commercialization. This paper summarizes the principles of MFCs and demonstrates the infinite potential of MFCs in various applications including wastewater treatment, biosensors, biohydrogen production, remote power sources, implantable medical devices, etc.

음식물쓰레기의 구성성분에 따른 산발효조의 거동특성

한선기,신항식,김상현,김현우 유기성자원학회 2002 유기물자원화 Vol.10 No.2

The electrochemical performance of lotus-root shaped meso-/macroporous TiO2 anode for lithium-ion battery

한선기,박민선,허성,원용선 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.5

As an alternative to the graphite-based anode in lithium-ion battery (LIBs), the TiO2-based anode has continuously drawn attention due to its high stability and long operating life, especially in the field of electric vehicles (EVs). Although a spinel structure lithium titanate (LTO, Li4Ti5O12) anode is commercially available, there has been a constant need to improve the anode capacity with TiO2-based materials because they have much higher theoretical capacity compared to LTO. In this regard, nanostructured TiO2-based materials with high surface area are thought to be ideal for LIB anode application. In this study, a lotus-root shaped meso-/macroporous TiO2 (LR-700) material was prepared and employed as an anode material for LIB with expectancy to have large channels for easy Li+ insertion and thus show better electrical property. Coin cell tests were carried out with the anodes prepared from LR-700, LTO, and nano-sized TiO2 powder (known as P25) for comparison by charging and discharging at 0.5 C. Despite the presence of large macroporous channels and mesopores in the walls for LR-700, the capacity of 158 mAh/g for LR-700 anode was found to be slightly lower than the LTO’s theoretical discharge capacity of 175mAh/g. We envision that less thicker walls would enhance the performance through effective ion diffusion and electronic conduction.

Lithium-Ion Battery Coin Cell Tests with Lotus-Root Shaped TiO₂ Anode

한선기,허성,김용하,원용선 한국공업화학회 2021 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2021 No.1