창호 결로방지 성능평가 및 개선안 제안

박소희,박헌준,이정재 대한건축학회지회연합회 2014 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.16 No.3

본 연구는 공동주택과 오피스텔에 많이 사용되는 시스템 창호를 대상으로 시스템 창호부 온도 및 열류 시뮬레 이션을 통한 결로 발생 예측 부위를 검토하였다. 현재 국내에는 창호 결로방지성능에 따른 기준이 없기 때문 에, 노점온도를 이용하여 ISO규준에 맞는 온도차이비율(TDR)로 기준을 정립하였다. 실내최저표면온도는 이 차원 정상상태 열전달 시뮬레이션에 의해 계산되었으며, 이 같은 여러 온·습도 조건에서의 시뮬레이션을 통해 각 부위별로 온도차이비울(TDR) 기준에 맞도록 결로 방지성능을 보완하여 개선안을 도출하였다.

구형 창호의 내풍 저항성능에 대한 실험적 연구

김주연,김지영,김대영 한국방재학회 2012 한국방재학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.11 No.-

기 시공된 창호 시설물은 설계절차의 부재 및 노후화와 재료의 극한 물성치에 대한 불확실성을 포함하고 있기 때문에 개별 보유저항성능을 확정적인 대표값으로 나타내기 어렵다. 따라서 도시 시설물의 풍해 취약도를 평가하기 위해서는 각각의 시설물이 보유하고 있는 풍해 저항성능을 확률적 모델을 이용하여 제시하는 것이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 구형 창호 시설물에 대하여 유리, 수직-수평바, 고정앵커 및 고정철물의 개별적 세부 저항 요소로 분류하여 그 중 수직-수평바와 창호 정착시스템(고정철물)에 대한 저항성능 실험을 수행하였다. 본 연구의 목표는 구형 창호에 대한 내풍 저항성능을 평가하는 것이므로 내풍 저항성능 평가의 대상 선정을 위해 실제 현장조사 및 문헌조사를 바탕으로 구형 창호에 대한 대표형상을 도출하였다. 수직-수평바의 경우 슬라이딩 타입은 S-85, S-110, S-115 타입과 고정형 타입은 F-120, F-150으로 구분되었으며 각각에 대한 구조성능실험을 수행하고 항복내력 및 극한내력의 평균 표준편차를 구하였다. 이 결과는 향후 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션을 통해 창호의 풍해 저항성능 평가에 필요한 확률적 모델을 제시한다.

블라인드 내장형 창호시스템의 에너지 성능 및 경제성 평가에 관한 연구

조원화,임남기 한국건축시공학회 2010 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.10 No.2

This study evaluated the energy efficiency of a windows system using built-in blinds, with regard to their insulation performance and their blocking of solar radiation. The study took advantage of the "Physibel Voltra" program as a physical simulation of heat transfer. To simulate the "Physibel Voltra" program, I practiced a mock-up test to determine heating quality and translation condition. I analyzed the propensity to annual energy consumption, the annual quantity of heat transfer, and the annual cooling and heating cost through a computer simulation for one general household in an apartment building. In the test, it was found that compared to a general windows system, a windows system with built-in blinds reduced the annual heat transfer by 10% in cooling states and by 11% in heating states when the blind was up. When the blind was down, the windows system with built-in blinds reduced the annual heat transfer by 25% in cooling states and 30% in heating states. When a windows system with built-in blinds is compared with a general windows system, the quantity of cooling and heating loads is reduced by 283.3kw? in cooling states and 76.3kw? in heating states. This leads to a reduction in the required cooling and heating energy of 359.6kw? per house. It is thus judged that the use of a windows system with built-in blinds is advantageous in terms of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, because the annual TOE (tons of oil equivalent) per house is reduced by 0.078TOE, while tCO₂is reduced by 0.16tCO₂. In addition, compared with a general windows system, the cost of cooling and heating loads in the system reduces the annual cooling cost by 100,000won, and the annual heating cost by 50,000won. Ultimately, this means that cooling and heating loads are cut by 150,000won per year. 본 연구에서는 전열해석 프로그램인 피지벨(PHYSIBEL)을 사용하여 블라인드 내장형 창호시스템의 일사차단성능 및 단열성능에 따른 에너지 성능을 평가하였다. 피지벨 해석시 창호별 구성 재료의 열적특성과 해석조건을 결정하기 위해서 Mock-up시험을 실시하였으며, 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통한 결과를 바탕으로 공동주택 기준층 1개 세대(33평형)를 대상으로 연간에너지 소비특성, 연간전열량, 연간 냉난방 비용을 분석하였다. 실험결과, 연간전열량은 일반 창호시스템 대비 블라인드 내장형 창호시스템에서 블라인드를 올린 경우 냉방시 10%, 난방시 11% 절감할 수 있으며, 블라인드를 내린 경우 냉방시 25%, 난방시 30%정도를 절감할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 블라인드 내장형 창호시스템의 냉․난방 부하 절감량은 일반 창호시스템에 비해 냉방시 283.3KWh, 난방시 76.3KWh 로 냉․난방 에너지 절감효과는 단위세대당 359.6KWh 절감시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이것은 단위세대당 연간 에너지원단위(TOE) 약 0.078toe, 이산화탄소톤( tCO2) 0.16 tCO2을 절감시킬 수 있어 온실가스 저감에도 유리할 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 블라인드 내장형 창호시스템의 냉․난방비용 절감액은 일반창호시스템과 비교하여 연간 냉방비용 10만원, 난방비용 5만원으로 연간 냉․난방 비용을 약 15만원 정도 절감시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

강풍에 대한 주거건물 구형 창호의 확률적 저항성능 평가

김주연,김지영,김현주,문기훈 한국방재학회 2015 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.15 No.1

The fragility of the old window systems need to be evaluated to expect damage levels because they were generally designed based onexperiences without specified engineering procedures. The probabilistic resisting capacities of the old window systems are required toperform fragility analysis. Firstly, the types of old window systems were investigated to classify size, material, structural systems, etc. The structural components of each window system are classified and their resisting capacities are evaluated through structural tests orusing previous experiment results and specifications. Finally, the probabilistic resisting capacity of each window type is evaluated bythe Monte Carlo simulation. By summarizing the evaluation results, the probability parameters of resistances for old window systemsare provided for the fragility analysis. 구형 창호 시스템의 취약성은 일정한 공학적 설계 과정 없이 경험에 근거하여 설계하였기 때문에 위험 수준을 예측할 수 있는 저항 성능을 평가할 필요가 있다. 취약성 분석을 수행하기 위해서는 구형 창호의 확률적 저항 성능이 평가되어야 한다. 우선 구형 창호 시스템을 사전 조사하여 창호 크기, 재료, 구조 시스템 등을 분류하였다. 각 창호시스템의 구조 요소를 분류하였으며, 기존 문헌 자료 또는 실험을 통하여 각 요소의 저항 성능을 평가하였다. 최종적으로 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션 방법을 사용하여 구형 창호 시스템 별로 확률적저항 성능을 평가하였다. 평가 결과들로부터 구형 창호의 확률 요소 값들은 취약성 분석을 위해 제공된다.

공동주택에서 냉난방부하를 고려한 창호의 통합 에너지성능 평가 계산식 도출

최윤정(Choe, Yun-Jeong),조재훈(Jo, Jae-Hun) 대한건축학회 2013 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.29 No.12

The purpose of this study is to develop integrated energy performance evaluation methods of windows in Korean by considering heating and cooling load of buildings. First, this study investigated physical factors of the windows that having influence upon heating and cooling load of buildings and looked into the calculation methods of the energy performances of the windows. Based on this, integrated energy performance evaluation schemes and processes for windows were established. According to the evaluation process, this paper set the conditions required at each stage and derived data. Finally, this study derived integrated energy performances formulas and methods of the windows suitable for Korean context.

필름 코팅 유리의 열성능 향상에 관한 연구

최윤정(Choe, Yun-Jeong),조재훈(Jo, Jae-Hun) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2012 한국건축친환경설비학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.10

As for a building, heat loss occur most in its windows. Therefore, in this study, this researcher tries to improve thermal performance of glass part of windows that is made from porous materials and features high insulation. This study analyzed the factors affecting thermal performance after surveying calculation method of glass thermal performance which is suggested by ISO, international standard. Next, target thermal performance of windows were selected to calculate the value of glass thermal performance. Lastly, the performance value of each factor affecting thermal performance and glass configuration that satisfy the value of glass thermal performance.

창호시스템의 일사차폐성능 평가 방법에 관한 실험적 연구

임재한 대한건축학회지회연합회 2007 대한건축학회지회연합회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2007 No.1

Recently, the glazing area is increased to obtain a wide outside view and to make a flexible design variation. Buildings with large glazed facades usually have a solar control devices such as venetian blinds, and internal solar shadings are often required in order to reduce the glare problem. Also the innovative glazing systems such as windows combined with shading devices, switchable glazing, diffuse glazing, translucent and transparent insulation have been developed and constructed in european buildings. To reduce the cooling energy due to the solar incidence through the facades, it is most important to control the thermal transmittance of irradiation. The effective g-value of the solar shading device, defined as the ratio between g-value of the window with the shading device and g-value of the window, is highly dependent on the type of shading device and the window panes. To evaluate the performance of glazing system with respect to the cooling energy consumption, it is important to measure the g-value of the each solar control devices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the g-value(total solar energy transmittance) in building through the experimental measurement. The measurements were performed with a solar simulator, which has rather parallel light beams and calorimetric box. With this facility, we have measured the total solar energy transmittance of the window with shading devices such as external venetian blind. In conclusion, we could find the results of different g-value of the glazing system with a different slat angles.

최적화 기법을 활용한 공동주택 최적 창호성능 평가에 관한 연구

신재윤,이명희,김영주,채영태 대한건축학회지회연합회 2017 대한건축학회연합논문집 Vol.19 No.6

Current Energy Efficiency Rating System focused on thermal performance and air tightness rather considering complex performance such as optical properties or the ventilation frequency. Insufficient evaluation values are limited to evaluate window performance precisely so that additional values should be considered to enhance window performance and reduce building energy consumption as a consequence. In this study, SHGC and mid-term ventilation frequency have been selected for the additional values and then proposed window’s optimized performance index by optimization procedure. In optimization, the direct search method Hooke&Jeeves algorithm which efficient for searching extremum has been used. As a result, the optimized model have shown energy saving 11% in central area and 15% in southern area.

창호의 성능인증 규격 기준과 면적 변화에 따른 에너지성능 비교분석

김성범(Kim Seong-Beom),이수열(Lee Su-Yeul),김동윤(Kim Dong-Yoon),최원기(Choi Won-Ki) 한국태양에너지학회 2020 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.40 No.1

This study reviewed selected specific windows and reviewed the window performance certification criteria including KS F 2278 and KS L 9107 and analyzed the change in performance based on the change of area. This study also compared the heating and cooling loads of an apartment house applied with window performance reviewed in consideration of insulation and SHGC performance and actual size based on KS F 2278. The analyzed window was a double window composed of aluminum and PVC and the building was the apartment house model of 141 m². The analysis results were as follows. First, as the window glass’s thermal performance is superior to frame, the performance degraded in reduced area. In case of selected window, the 1 m X 1m window’s thermal performance and SHGC decreased by 35% and 37% respectively compared to 2 m X 2 m window. Secondly, in the comparison of performance for increasing area with 2 m X 2 m and 3 m X 3 m windows, the 3 m X 3 m window’s thermal performance and SHCG increased about 14%. Third, in the comparison of heating and cooling loads of the analyzed model considering the apartment house model applied with window performance derived from KS F 2278 and actual figures, the model’s total heating and cooling loads increased by 33% with cooling decreasing by 36% and heating increasing by 77%. Above analysis results show that evaluation of window performance based on criteria such as KS F 2278 and KS L 9107 may lead to distortion of performances different from actual products. Thus, it is necessary to suggest new evaluation criteria.

학교 교실 창호 설계 도구를 활용한 기밀 성능 증가에 따른 에너지 절감량 분석에 관한 연구

김석현(Kim, Seok-Hyun),이성진(Lee, Sung-Jin),조수(Cho, Soo) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2021 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.15 No.5

Recently, various problems caused by fine dust have occurred in South Korea, and among them, the influence of fine dust to improve the indoor air quality of schools, especially for the health of students whose respiratory organs are weaker than adults. Various improvement measures are being utilized to reduce this. Air purification technology for reducing fine dust has been introduced in various ways, and the introduction of a highly airtight outer skin that can block the indoor and outdoor areas of school buildings is required. In this study, in order to reduce energy consumption and prevent the inflow of fine dust, we examined the airtight performance level required in school classrooms, and designed highly airtight windows to achieve the airtightness performance suitable for the required level. We would like to propose a design methodology for highly airtight window that can be utilized by designers so that In addition, we proposed a design tool configuration plan that can implement the design methodology, and examined the energy consumption according to the confidentiality performance using this. The actual window design tool utilizes the actual window test report and compares it with the air volume that can be compared with the time ventilation rate (Air Change per Hour) that expresses the airtightness of the building. By enabling consideration, designers will be able to utilize it for window selection and material selection according to the privacy level. In addition, as a result of deriving an energy examination procedure using a confidential window design tool and using this to analyze using drawings of Elementary School, the degree of energy saving according to the level of indoor windows and inquiries was obtained.